I am the kind of person who likes to find out the doorway and study it in depth. I don't like blind people touching elephants. So before we begin, I want to know about the branch of psychology, so that I can know where it comes from and where to go.
Nobody knows. . .
Maybe my search business is not enough. What I found was a list of a dozen or twenty branches of psychology. For example:
A little better:
This result is very confusing, and there are several problems:
1. There is no uniform standard. Because of its wide applicability, psychology seems to intersect with various disciplines.
2. Simple and disorderly listing gives people the feeling that they are "at sixes and sevens" and cannot form effective memories.
3. What is the general research field of each psychology? The name of abnormal psychology is puzzling. )
4. The development time of each branch is missing, and it is impossible to understand the connection and inheritance between them.
I think there must be some friends who have the same problems as me, so I try to rearrange them in a way that I can easily understand to help me remember and share.
There are two kinds of psychology, one is simply studying psychology itself, which I call "pure psychology" (please don't understand that other psychology is impure); The other is to study the interaction and influence between psychology and other disciplines, which I call "applied psychology". The former focuses on psychology itself, while the latter focuses on disciplines that intersect with psychology, explaining or solving existing problems with psychology.
Therefore, "pure psychology" mainly includes (I will attach my own simple understanding of the branch):
1. A collection of basic knowledge and theories of psychology. It can be understood as the "basic skill" of psychology.
2. Experimental Psychology: Study the thinking process by experimental methods, such as Thorndike's cat and Pavlov's dog.
3. Psychostatistics: It is closely related to statistics, and psychological research is assisted by mathematical tools. Personally, I think academic value is greater than practicality.
4. Personality psychology: it is of great practical value to study people's specific behavior patterns.
5. Social Psychology: It is of great practical value to study the psychology and behavior of individuals and groups in social communication.
6. Evolutionary Psychology: Studying the origin and essence of human psychology and the resulting social phenomena from the perspective of evolution.
7. Developmental psychology: To study the psychological and behavioral changes of the human body from the development of fertilized eggs to death, emphasizing the laws of physiological and psychological changes of the human body in different periods.
8. Cognitive psychology: Study the cognitive process from the viewpoint of information processing (commonly used modeling), compare human beings to an information processing system, and study the whole process of sensory input, storage and extraction.
Among them, 678 cut into the study of human psychology from different perspectives and viewpoints, and produced different branches.
As a psychology lover, I hope to play its practical value. As a basic skill, general psychology still needs to be learned and mastered, and experimental psychology looks full of fun. Personality psychology and social psychology can explain many practical problems. Personally, they are the two most practical branches. Cognitive psychology helps us to establish the thinking mode of solving problems, and I will study hard in the future. I don't want to touch the rest for the time being.
Then look at the branch of "applied psychology". The classification methods of psychology on the internet are mixed, and the titles of psychology books are largely due to the constant intersection of psychology with other disciplines in its rapid development. So just list some mainstream, not exhaustive.
1. Educational psychology: applying psychological theory or research results to education.
2. Linguistic psychology: human's acquisition, understanding and use of language, and the role of language in psychological process.
3. Physiological psychology: Studying the physiological basis of psychological activities and the mechanism of the brain is similar to cognitive neuroscience.
4. Cognitive neuroscience: To study the brain mechanism of cognitive activities from the perspective of gene-brain-behavior-cognition.
5. Abnormal and clinical psychology: study all abnormal behaviors of human beings, and discuss the judgment, evaluation, classification, treatment, prevention and scientific research of these behaviors.
6. Cultural psychology: study the interaction between psychology and culture.
7. Criminal psychology: using psychology as a tool to study psychological activities related to crime.
8. Marketing psychology: study the psychological characteristics and behavior rules of marketing objects (middlemen and consumers) in marketing activities.
Wait a minute. The research of the branch of applied psychology is highly related to the occupation of individuals. Friends who are not interested in theoretical knowledge can skip the category of "pure psychology" and study the branch of applied psychology directly.
Attached here is a combed mind map.
Write at the end:
1. As a layman far away from the door of psychology, this is only my personal combing and sharing in the learning process, and it is by no means a standard answer;
2. There are inevitably mistakes in understanding. The age of each branch has not been known, and it will be added after detailed understanding;
This is the first article in my psychology column, and I hope to make friends with Comrade Xiang.
* * * Whatever you want.