Does sleep really mean rest?
Does dreaming mean a good sleep?
What is the relationship between near-death surreal experience and dreams?
Why do the dreams I remember when I first got up quickly forget?
What effects do sleep and dreams have on the human body?
The following is the mind map of the article, so that everyone can see the content of the article at a glance.
I had a dream this morning that the person I secretly loved suddenly confessed to myself.
So a dramatic scene happened … I realized that I was dreaming, so I refused!
I woke up suddenly in a daze: I can't fool myself in my dreams now. What does this dream mean? ! !
Freshman has a general psychology course, which talks about the mechanism of sleep: sleep is divided into slow-wave sleep and fast-wave sleep, and each sleep is divided into three types: shallow sleep, deep sleep and rapid eye movement sleep, and each sleep is divided into alpha wave, beta wave, gamma wave and so on.
I know this can't be the reason for Puxin's floating 60 points, but if I want to tell you about this kind of sleep today, go to bed and wash and sleep.
As a result, I consulted and summarized all kinds of materials, and planned to explain sleep and dreams to you from a popular and interesting perspective.
Generally speaking, sleep is divided into four stages: light sleep, two transitions and deep sleep * * *, each stage lasts about 90min, and each stage will go through three states in turn: light sleep, deep sleep and rapid eye movement.
The time proportion of these three States in each stage is also different. The later the stage, the greater the proportion of rapid eye movement. When we enter the deep sleep stage, our sleep will become shallow, and the rapid eye movement period will occupy more than 80% of the time.
From the table, we can see that simple sleep has become a rather complicated project after systematic division, and the reason why organisms are designed in this way is also to coordinate people's physical and mental balance.
Let's look at the first question first: Does sleep really mean rest?
Moderate and appropriate sleep equals rest, but "rest" actually includes both physical and psychological aspects.
We will explain these three states separately. Shallow sleep is a state of being half asleep and half awake. At this time, the body begins to relax slowly, and the consciousness transitions to the subconscious [1] stage. After deep sleep, people's breathing becomes shallow, their heartbeat slows down, and their brains and bodies are relaxed to the greatest extent; In the state of rapid eye movement (REM), the brain begins to work again and runs quickly to process the memories existing in the subconscious.
Therefore, the human brain is actually resting in a deep sleep state, while the rapid eye movement stage is the rapid operation of the brain to achieve psychological coordination.
[ 1]? People's psychology is divided into subconscious and consciousness. Subconsciousness, also called unconsciousness, is a psychological term, which refers to those parts that are suppressed in one's own heart but cannot be realized. Including: primitive instinctive desires, childhood memories and so on. As described in Superbody, the development and utilization of human subconscious is even less than 5% of the overall potential.
The dream we are interested in is the product of the rapid eye movement stage.
In REM sleep, the subconscious has become the dominant part of the brain, so when it processes the subconscious information from near to far, some information will be revealed and released in the form of "dreams" to maintain the individual's balanced psychological state.
Just saying this, you may not understand the importance of the subconscious mind to the human body.
Let's take a case to talk about the subconscious in the near-death experience.
Zhong Zhuohui, Ph.D. in Cognitive Psychology of the University of Hong Kong, once wrote a book "I am dead, so I know how to survive", in which he described in detail his experience of surviving after falling from a height of more than 100 meters in a self-driving glider crash, and avoided cutting off his right foot through subconscious self-treatment, so that he survived from depression and severe pain.
There is a passage in the book that records his surreal experience before he died:
I feel completely out of my original body and floating on it. I am floating completely, and I don't feel any pain, but my body below is badly hurt.
I am completely attracted by the scene of time flowing, and I can review my life experience in an instant, and at the same time I can watch the whole life puzzle in a panoramic view. When I pay attention to a life segment, I can not only savor it, but also the related time thread will automatically glow and connect to different life scenes. ...
This description is not a scream, let alone a fragment of a mystery novel. The creator of this surreal experience owes it to the "subconscious".
In the near-death experience, the subconscious has done two crucial things in this process: perceptual retreat and creating experience.
Before explaining, let's popularize the physiological characteristics of death: first, the heart stops beating and the blood no longer circulates; Second, the lungs stop breathing and oxygen is no longer delivered; Third, the brain stem stops moving, consciousness disappears, and it no longer responds to external stimuli.
At the moment when the plane crashed and landed, in order to protect itself, the subconscious will start the self-defense mechanism of "separation of personality", and the body will lose all its senses like traveling, resulting in an experience of "pulling the senses away from the body", thus avoiding emotions and feelings such as panic, despair and physical pain, and preventing the collapse of the psychological mechanism.
However, it is not enough to avoid the impact on the psychological system. After sensory withdrawal is started, the nerve conduction system in the human body is gradually losing its function, and the brain stem will gradually stop its activity after lacking various sensory information stimulation.
Therefore, in the case of being unable to perceive external stimuli, the subconscious has to create the illusion of so-called "out-of-body experience" in order to maintain the false external stimuli input into the brain and maintain the stable operation of people's sensory function.
Only in this way can we keep our bodies stable.
This is the importance of the subconscious mind to the human body.
Second question: Does dreaming mean a good sleep?
Psychologist demont conducted a dream deprivation experiment to find out the relationship between dreams and good sleep. That is, observe the subjects' brain waves through EEG, wake them up immediately when they are about to enter the state of rapid eye movement, and go back to sleep after waking up, and so on.
The statistical results show that after the experiment, the dreaming time of the subjects increased obviously, and compared with the normal dreaming time of 80 minutes, the dreaming time of the subjects increased to 1 12 minutes; At the same time, all subjects showed slight symptoms of anxiety, anxiety and inattention.
The experiment didn't end, because demont found a special case: one of the subjects' dreaming time didn't increase.
After investigation, it was found that the subjects attended a party when they went back to sleep, and the cocktails at the party offset the effect of dream deprivation, but the subjects also developed anxiety symptoms in the following nights.
After research, it is found that the "falling asleep" achieved by alcohol, sleeping pills and other substances is not a standard normal sleep.
These substances can effectively make users indulge in deep sleep for a long time and inhibit dreaming, and rapid eye movement will rebound after long-term use. Once the drug is stopped, it takes up most of the sleep time, causing the parties to dream for a long time and the brain can't get any rest.
Demon's series of experiments confirmed the previous conclusion that dreams are an important means to maintain human psychological stability.
People sleep for 8 hours, and they will get more and more tired if they continue to sleep, because the brain has been running fast to sort out the subconscious content, and you have been dreaming.
Many times we feel that we are not dreaming for the following two reasons:
1.？ From the stage of sleep, the dream before sleep is a fragmented dream with only 5 minutes, which is very short and trivial. First, it is difficult to be remembered, and second, it is easy to realize the difference with reality. Only when you enter the late stage of sleep can you experience a complete and in-depth dream.
2.？ We all have this experience in our daily life: if we don't record the dreams we remember when we wake up, we will forget them in a few minutes. This is because in the late stage of sleep, people are dominated by the subconscious, and the process of waking up is actually a process of transition from the subconscious to the conscious. Therefore, after completing this process, our subconscious mind will no longer be perceived by us, and the content in the dream will slowly sink into the depths of the soul with the subconscious mind.
1. Hands on your chest are more likely to have nightmares.
There are three explanations for nightmares. The first explanation is the memory of the subconscious organization mentioned above, which involves terrorist experiences.
Secondly, putting your hand on your chest for a long time will affect your respiratory system, and then your whole internal organs will be affected to some extent. In fact, these effects are not enough to make you feel "painful" and make a physiological reaction to wake up, but at this time, the human body is dominated by the subconscious mind, and any slight discomfort is a risk for it and needs to be taken seriously. People don't move in their sleep because there is no interference from serotonin and adrenaline, and this discomfort will also make them give you some strong hints in their dreams, so that you can wake up and deal with this state.
Thirdly, many experiments show that physiological and pathological stimuli in the human body may be programmed into dreams. There is some slight inflammation in the human body, which is often not felt in the conscious state, and the slight stimulation caused by inflammation may lead to nightmares during sleep. If someone appears in a dream and his throat is pinched, it is later found to be pharyngitis.
2. The content of melatonin in human body will directly affect the quality of sleep. The main component of melatonin is also this substance. Melatonin is characterized by the inhibition of secretion during the day and normal secretion at night, prompting the body to fall asleep as soon as possible. Therefore, the light of playing mobile phone in bed in the middle of the night is not conducive to sleep, which is also the reason for inventing eye patches. Of course, if you want to get up early, you can start with melatonin.
3. Long-term use of alcohol, caffeine and sleep drugs is bad for people's sleep.
4.？ Don't lie awake in bed. If you don't fall asleep after 20 minutes, or it's hard to fall asleep after waking up, don't sleep at all. If you stay in bed after waking up, your brain will willfully think that the bed is a place to stay awake, not a place to sleep.
The above is my interpretation of dreams and sleep. Welcome to leave a message for discussion.
to be continued ......
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