Exhibition, intelligence, intelligence, understanding, profound understanding, general knowledge, and Dharma. That’s about it. In fact, it can be used by both men and women. If history is a rushing river, then Chinese idioms are like the sand and stones deposited on the river bed. . Idioms contain the splendid and colorful culture of ancient times and present various characters in ancient society. Among them, idioms about women can be said to be everywhere, too numerous to mention, and many of them use rhetorical techniques such as metaphors and metonymy. Below we will mainly take a look at some idioms used to describe and describe women and their commonly used rhetorical techniques and metaphors. Idioms about women are mainly for beautiful women. From the observation point of view of the ancients, we can find that their description of beauty is all-round, from the whole to the part, from top to bottom, from the inside to the outside, from the voice to the smile, from the temperament to the conduct, etc., all have specific details. The vivid descriptions more comprehensively reflect their aesthetic standards. First, let’s look at the general descriptions of women’s beauty, which are somewhat “exaggerated”: overwhelming the country, peerless beauty, fairy descending to earth, fairy posture and jade color, fairy posture and lost appearance... In terms of voice, appearance and smile, flowers, grass, pearls and jade are used. Examples of descriptions and metaphors for the beauty of appearance include: flowery face and moon appearance, flower-like jade, national beauty and heavenly fragrance, water hibiscus, etc., while the moon is shy of the flower, the fish is falling, the swallow is jealous of the oriole, the peach blossom with a human face, and the beauty vanilla are used to set off the flowers, plants, and animals. ; I Jian You Lian uses other people’s feelings as a foil, while Xiuse Kedai uses the rhetorical technique of “shifting the senses” (moving from external feelings to internal feelings). Every smile of a beauty is so graceful, including a charming smile, a charming smile, a look-back smile, etc., so a beauty's smile is worth a fortune; even if she cries, it is like pear blossoms with rain, charming, and pitiful; her voice is like the voice of a swallow or an oriole. , the singing voice is round and round, like an oriole emerging from the valley; even the breathing is like a orchid, and the blowing is as bright as an orchid. Generally speaking, the body postures include graceful and graceful, graceful, graceful, graceful, graceful and graceful. Flowers, butterflies, willows, etc. are used to describe the walking postures, such as flying flowers, dancing butterflies, walking lotus, walking lightly, and willows swaying in the spring breeze. etc.; Huanfeiyanshou refers to people with different body shapes based on the different body postures of Yang Yuhuan and Zhao Feiyan in the Tang and Han Dynasties. In terms of manners and temperament, they are generally well-mannered and charming. The style (qi) under the forest implicitly reflects the elegance and generous behavior of a woman. Chang'e in the moon refers to a graceful woman, while the fragrant clothes, shadow, and The sideburns are messy and the hairpin is horizontal, and partial clothes and sideburns are used to refer to the overall expression and deportment. From a local point of view, when describing the beauty of eyebrows and teeth, rhetoric is not used such as beautiful eyebrows, bright eyes and white teeth, etc., but more metaphors, metaphors and other rhetorical techniques are used, such as picturesque eyebrows, starry eyes and white teeth, moth eyebrows and white teeth, etc. The head of a moth and eyebrows, the willow eyebrows and bright flowers, the double pupils cut water, the horoscope of spring mountain, etc. In addition, related to the eyebrows, frowning (vertical) and wide-open eyes are the expression of a woman when she is angry, while frowning and crying describe a woman's demonic appearance, and lightly sweeping her eyebrows describes a woman's elegant makeup. To describe the beauty of skin, ice jade is mainly used to describe it, including ice skin, jade bone, ice skin, snow skin, etc. In short, the typical beauty in the eyes of the ancients should have willow eyebrows like smoke, small cherry mouth, face like peach blossoms, skin like gelatin, as quiet as a virgin, and as active as a stripped rabbit. In addition to the beauty of appearance and manners, there is also the chaste beauty of being pure and pure, keeping the body like jade, the spiritual beauty of Gushe God-man, the strong beauty of heroic posture, the beauty of both internal and external beauty such as being beautiful and intelligent, and so on. Different from the above-mentioned kinds of beauties, there are heroines (using the word "heroine" used by women to refer to brave and heroic women), women among heroes, women among Yao and Shun, women among husbands... Regarding the misfortune of beauties, beauties are unlucky. The appearance of "beautiful face" is used to "refer to" beauty, peach blossoms are used as a metaphor for beauty, which is similar to women's beauty, and Xiangxiaoyu's death uses the rhetoric of "taboo". In addition, from the perspective of status, there are different kinds of beauties. Those who come from a small family are called Xiaojiabiyu, those who come from a wealthy family are called ladies, those who are born in royal families are called golden branches and jade leaves; those who come from a good family are called My Fair Lady, who come from Qinlou The one in Chu Palace is the enchantress Marietta... The women of different ages include: the beauty's cardamom years, the year of breaking the melon, and the first division of the melon (the melon is broken into two eight characters, that is, the year of the 28th year, which means a woman is sixteen years old) ; A woman who is not yet married is a yellow-flowered girl, a sister-in-law who is alone, a girl who is waiting to be named, and an unmarried woman (Yunying, a famous singer from Zhongling in the Tang Dynasty, is used to refer to an unmarried adult woman); a woman who has reached the age of marriage is in her prime years; flower (wind) Xinnianhua refers to a woman's age reaching twenty-four years old, and also generally refers to a woman who is in a young and beautiful age; a woman who already has a husband is Luofu married (referred to by the famous ancient beauty Luofu); a woman around forty The charm and appearance are not inferior to those when they were young. You can use the words "the charm is still there, the charm is still there, the aftertaste is still there, etc."; and the charming women who have reached or passed middle age are the MILFs (using the term "Xu Niang" from the Xu family of Emperor Liang Yuan). "referring to); while women who are old and lose their beauty are despised like pearls that turn yellow over time and become worthless. Judging from the above idioms about women, the ancients often used metaphors, metonymy, exaggeration and other rhetorical techniques to describe beauties. The things used are always inseparable from flowers, grass, pearls, jade, ice, snow and various colors. Flowers, grass and colors should be bright, pearls, jade, Ice and snow are chosen for their purity, which shows that the ancients valued female beauty in terms of color and purity. There are far more descriptions of external beauty than internal beauty. This shows that the ancients paid more attention to a woman's appearance, but looked down on the internal aspects, especially literary talent. This is closely related to the culture at that time that "a woman's lack of talent is a virtue".
Idioms are a kind of condensed national culture. A series of idioms about women show the ancients' attitude towards women. The use of rhetorical techniques is more vivid than speaking directly, reflecting the classical style of idioms. The use of metaphors, metonymy and other rhetoric reflects the ancients' "love of women". The aesthetic concept and way of thinking of "the straight line is not as good as the straight".