Divination is a mysterious activity to explore things with supernatural methods. If you want to do something with fortune telling, fortune telling has ritual or social characteristics, usually related to religion; On the other hand, fortune telling is a daily activity for personal service. Divination is often questioned by some people. This is just superstition. However, advocates will say that there are many anecdotes to prove the effectiveness of divination. Divination is a universal cultural phenomenon. Anthropologists have found that divination can be found in religions and cultures from ancient times to the present. However, the Christian Bible says that divination is forbidden by God.
In ancient Chinese, "Zhan" of "divination" refers to Zhan Ji, and "divination" refers to tortoise divination. Zhan Ji and Guibu are ancient divination methods in China, among which Guibu has a longer history, but it has been lost. Oracle Bone Inscriptions in Yin Ruins is the direct archaeological evidence of its existence. Zhan's method has been preserved since it was recorded in Cohesion.
In China, there has been a philosophy of harmony between man and nature since ancient times, so the rise and fall of personnel can be expressed by natural changes. On the one hand, divination is a kind of mysticism, on the other hand, it is the practical application of various natural science experiences.
Scientific research has been able to successfully predict some future events, such as solar eclipse, weather forecast and volcanic eruption, but these are not divination. Strictly speaking, divination presupposes the influence of some supernatural force or fate, while scientific prediction comes from a mechanized, emotionless world view and relies on the natural laws of experience. Therefore, from the definition of operational research, any activity that uses methods that scientific research considers ineffective to predict can be said to be divination.
In addition to simple explanations of anecdotes, there are some serious theories about how divination works. One of the theories based on empirical science is based on the subconscious. According to this theory, divination is a process of decoding information in the subconscious. Believing that the source of this information is supernatural or mysterious forces is the difference between this theory and scientific explanation.
Julian Jaynes divided divination into the following categories:
Prediction and prediction "the most primitive, clumsy, but also the most lasting method is to record a series of strange events." (1976: 236) The ancient history of China always recorded the process of those strange things, natural changes and other information, and the ancient government agencies in China also predicted the long-term strategic issues on this basis. Many modern sciences also come from these "divination". Needham's research shows that it is.
Draw lots. This can be made of sticks, bones, stones, beans and other things. Modern board games are developed from these "divination".
Omen. It is divination that provides predictions, which can be qualitative (such as shape, proximity to something, etc.). ) prospecting (divination with a stick) developed from this. In the Etruscan civilization of ancient Rome, the ritual anal divination was used (in fact, it was an Extispicy), and monks wanted to check whether the sacrificed meat was fresh.
There is no specific method for free divination, but it is actually a derivative of other divination methods. The revelation comes from what the fortune teller saw and heard by chance. Some Christians and other religions use the divination in the Bible. They ask a question, grab the holy book, or use the holy book to guide people to unknown places. Others, such as watching air feng shui in the new century, like intuition and Taoist symbols.
Astrology is the most common, generally divided into Vedic Astrology, Western Astrology and Chinese Astrology. In addition to these three factions, many civilizations have their own astrology.
In China, divination can be done in the following ways:
Physiognomy refers to the observation of a person's manner, temperament, face and body parts. Predict good luck or bad luck and other things.
Astrology, astrology in China can mainly show the fortunes of the country and the monarch, governance or not. It was closely related to astronomy in the early days, and then gradually separated.
Oracle Bone Inscriptions's divination refers to using tortoise shells and grass to predict certain things. Different times use different methods, and all previous dynasties have innovations. For example, it is said that Dong Fangshuo's Lingqi Jing uses special chess pieces and special formulas to predict.
The life of a star is predicted by comparing the geographical location of the date of birth with the natural location.
Occupy a dream, according to the situation in the dream, borrow natural or other personnel for analogy, and get some prediction results.
Occupy the air, use the colors displayed in the sky, etc. , mainly used to predict the war situation. In ancient military works, such a chapter is indispensable.
Rhythm is the use of sound expression to predict or explain human affairs.
Fu Rui, according to unusual things to predict good or bad luck and the fate of the country, is usually used by people, such as Chen Sheng in the Wu Guang uprising.
Nursery rhymes, in the Han Dynasty, were considered to predict good or bad luck, so there will be many such prediction examples in The Romance of the Three Kingdoms.
The difference between fortune telling and divination
Many people don't know the difference between fortune-telling (such as Wei Zi graffiti, Zodiac and four pillars) and divination (such as Tarot cards, Yijing Zhan and divination). For example, if you want to go from Taipei to Kaohsiung today, you can fly, train, carry passengers, drive, ride a bike and even walk. Fortune telling is telling you how to get there and when to arrive. Therefore, the focus of fortune-telling is on the "result", and the result of fate inference will not change at any time, no matter when you were born or when you were 50 years old.
Principles of life; By using the date of birth or even the place of birth (constellation), we can infer the established good and bad luck, life cycle and ups and downs of the parties in their lives. Therefore, the life-saving technique is to analyze the different appearances and results of the parties in their lives with personal charts, and it is the general trend. If there is no date of birth of the party concerned, or the date of birth is wrong, and the life table cannot be discharged, it is difficult to draw inferences.
But divination is different. It tells you who you will meet when you go to Kaohsiung, what you may eat, whether you will fall asleep, that is, what will happen in the middle. This is based on "process-oriented, analyzing the reasons for it." The limitation of divination is that it is impossible to predict the complete time and detailed figures, because divination is to infer fortune, and fortune is constantly changing! You may say, I might as well learn the art of life, why not learn Tarot divination, because life can let me know what happened at a certain time.
Divination principle; Different from numerology, divination does not need the date of birth of the parties, nor does it need too much information from the parties (of course, there are detailed information, which can be inferred more carefully). Divination is to follow the clues obtained by the fortune teller (a kind of touch machine) at that time: for example, draw a card, arrange a divination and write a word? Make a prediction later. Divination is based on "one thing and one industry", which mainly analyzes the specific events of the parties, and the predicted results can be changed through human efforts.
Yes, but let's think about it. If you use your life skills to figure out that you will die tomorrow, do you want to die happily or leave painfully? I think most people want to be happy. At this time, divination can tell you what to do to leave happily or even painlessly. In contrast, if you don't know the tricks of tarot cards, is it more sad to die in a daze and full of pain? Although the final result is the same, the process and feelings are completely different.