1, anal identification method
(1) Watch the expansion and contraction of anus. Hold the chicken in your hand, make the anus face up, blow off the fluff around the anus, poke the outer wall of the anus with your left and right thumb, and observe the expansion and contraction of the anus of the chicken. If the anus flashes quickly and forcefully when stabbing, it is a rooster; If you flash for a while, stop for a while, and then flash for a while, the number of contractions is small and slow, and it is easy to open the anus, which is a hen.
(2) Turn the anus to see the reproductive process. First, gently hold the newly hatched chick, drain its feces, and then open the anus to observe the development and state of the reproductive process. This observation is mainly based on the existence of reproductive process and the characteristics of this process.
The cock's reproductive process (penis) is located in the center of the splayed fold at the lower end of cloaca, which is a small dot with a diameter of about 0.3- 1 mm, generally 0.5 mm, full and shiny, with obvious outline. The reproductive process of hens degenerates without protruding points, or has a little residue, which is obviously normal and concave. A few hens have irregular small protrusions or large protrusions, but they are not full, with depressions under the protrusions and underdeveloped splayed pleats. Some cocks have thick protrusions and are connected with splayed folds, which are relatively developed.
This method is best used to identify chickens within 12-24 hours. Because the difference between male and female reproductive processes is the most obvious at this time, with the passage of time, the process will gradually shrink and fall into the depths of cloaca, which is difficult to identify.
(3) Observe the small glass tube installed at the tip of the optical instrument with the instrument, insert it into the rectum from the anus of the chicken, and observe the ovary and testis through the intestinal wall. There are/kloc-0 testicles on the left and right sides of the rooster, which are yellow and shaped like bananas; Hens only have the left 1 ovary, which is triangular and pink, and the right ovary degenerates. Using this method also needs to be skilled, otherwise it will destroy the intestinal wall and affect the healthy growth of chickens. After proficiency, the recognition speed is also faster, and about 100 chickens can be recognized every 6 minutes.
2. Identification method of sex-linked genetic feathers
(1) Identification of Sex-linked Feather Color This method uses the characteristics of sex-linked feather color for identification. Because the white feather of the parent hen is dominant and the red feather of the parent cock is recessive, all the white feathers are cocks and all the red feathers are hens in the offspring chicken. For example, this method is used to identify the male and female chicks in commercial chicken substitutes imported from China, such as Ross, Roman, Sha Yi and Xingza 579.
(2) Fast-feathered cocks and slow-feathered hens are identified by sex inheritance of fast-feathered and slow-feathered hens. All the chicks with slow feathers in the offspring are cocks, and the chicks with fast feathers are hens. The operation method of identification is to pull the chicken wings apart, and you can see two rows of feathers, the front row is called main wing feather, and the back row is called covering main wing feather, covering main wing feather. If the capillaries of the main wing feather are longer than those covering the main wing feather, it is a hen; If the two rows of wings are flush and regardless of length, it is a rooster.
3, the identification method of body shape and appearance
(1) After four days of hatching, the feathered chicks begin to change their feathers. If new feathers grow on the chest and shoulders, it is a hen. No new feathers. It's a rooster. Generally speaking, a rooster can't see new feathers until 7 days after it comes out of its shell. Dual-purpose chickens and hybrid chickens can be distinguished according to the growth rate of wings and tail feathers. Generally speaking, the wings and tail feathers of hens grow faster than those of cocks. In addition, the shape of wings and feathers of male and female birds is also different at the chick stage. The new feathers on the cock's wings are pointed, while the new feathers on the hen's wings are round. Chickens with red feathers have lighter wings and cocks have darker colors.
(2) The comb and moustache are the second sexual characteristics of chickens. Generally speaking, roosters have thick crown base, deep crown teeth, yellow color and obvious moustache. The hen's crown base is thin and short, the crown teeth are shallow, the color is yellowish or pale, and the meat is not obvious.
(3) Looking at the appearance, the appearance of the rooster is characterized by a big head and round eyes; The beak is long and has a pointed hook, which is conducive to pecking; Long body, high eyes, thick feet and short and crisp voice; When walking, the footprints of two feet are in a straight line. When grasping backwards, the feet are hooked with the head, and when grasping in the hand, I want to break free. When feeding, I fight for food and eat fast. A hen, on the contrary to a rooster, has a small head, oval eyes, slow response, a short and straight beak and a gentle temperament. Round body, short eyes, thin feet and neck; There is no resistance on the hands, and the footprints of both feet cross each other when walking; The cry is slender, the voice is sharp and tender, and the feet and head are straight when grasping backwards; Eat late, eat slowly.
4, shell time identification method
In the same batch of chicks hatched, most of the cocks hatched in 20 and a half days, and the number of male hens hatched in 2 1 day was equal, and most hens hatched in 2 1 day.