1. Planets are retrograde and stars are parallax.
2. Changes in the speed of the sun.
The first problem is quite classic. It took humans thousands of years to solve this problem. Retrograde planets can be easily observed with the naked eye. For example, Mars, which is currently retrograde, will move from east to west from the constellation 1 to the vicinity of Regulus.
Stellar parallax is the decisive evidence for the heliocentric theory. After the stellar parallax was measured in the 18th century, the geocentric theory disappeared.
The second problem is that because the eccentricity of the earth is very small, only 0.007, the performance of all elliptical motions is not significant. It is very difficult to directly observe changes in the sun's position and detect the difference. This can be proven by measuring the time when the sun reaches its midheaven (you might as well search for "solar eight-character dance"). One of the main reasons is the eccentricity of the earth's orbit.