Eradicate adulterers
His thoughts on governing the country are very open. He did not stick to conservatism, dared to deny his predecessor's policy, that is, his father Ming Xianzong's established policy, and boldly set things right. During Chenghua period of Ming Dynasty, Tang Xianzong was inclined to Buddhism and Taoism, which led to many unfortunate villains mixed into Korea. It ordered North Korea not to worship Buddhism and Taoism, abolished the titles of former French king, teacher, real person and son of the country [9], executed the once demon monk, and executed Xiao, [10], which made civil and military officials celebrate each other.
In terms of personnel arrangement, Zhu Shitang has completely made a big change. He once dealt mercilessly with three elder brothers who were papery, six ministers who were clay sculptures and adulterous villains, such as assistant minister Li Zi, eunuch [1 1] and his younger brother Wan [1 1], and killed no one. Historians greatly appreciated his move.
Reuse sages
Zhu Shitang worked hard all his life and put people first everywhere. He posted the list of officials with more than four grades on the wall of the Mandarin Hall of the Palace [15], and memorized it at ordinary times, so as to have a good idea, so as to grasp the dynamics of officials and not be deceived. Every day, he goes to the court to listen to the opinions of the government. In addition to leaving early, he also restored the late court system that had long been abandoned. He often reads the memorial late, and never allows eunuchs to write it for him. One day, Renshou Palace caught fire and people were in a hurry to put out the fire. After a busy night, Zhu Shitang didn't sleep for a while, so he didn't go to court, so he sent someone to court to explain the reasons to the ministers and ask for leave.
In terms of personnel standards, Zhu Shitang insists on meritocracy and attaches great importance to talents. In this way, a peaceful and prosperous situation of "Hongzhi Chaoduo Gentleman" has been formed. He has formulated a strict official assessment system, and the promotion and transfer of officials are mainly based on political achievements.
Be generous to my ministers.
I am very generous to my liege, and I can trust him. I've never whipped a priest. So the monarch and his subjects are close, like a family. He was generous and peaceful to his officials. When Beijing officials came home at night, they would send troops to carry lanterns. Although these things are not big, it is really not easy for a feudal emperor to be so obedient. In this way, a large number of honest, diligent, enterprising and country-oriented sages have the opportunity to display their talents, and a large number of sages have emerged. Zhu Shitang is also openly and modestly instructed. In addition to the morning and evening meetings every day, the relevant ministers are also called to discuss on the platform twice a day, which is called a new way of "platform convening".
Strictly control eunuchs
In view of the lessons of the autocratic power and chaotic politics of the eunuchs in the previous dynasty, Xiaozong strictly controlled the eunuchs, while Dongchang and Wei Jinyi dared not act arbitrarily again, so they could only keep their jobs. Therefore, several commanders of the Royal Guards are generally fair in law and lenient in punishment. This is a rare phenomenon in other dynasties in the middle and late Ming Dynasty.
Abolish harsh laws
Zhu Shitang amended its legal system and was very cautious about the use of punishment. 1500 enacted the Regulations on Asking for Punishment, and 1502 incorporated it into the Daming Code, deleting many brutal laws in the original Daming Code. He ordered careful imprisonment inside and outside, and appointed wise and fair law enforcement officials.
economy
Reduce corvee and tax.
Zhu Shitang sympathizes with and treats people's livelihood well. He often lowers local taxes. The local official reported the request for tax exemption due to the disaster, and he agreed without exception. In addition to duty-free food, he also gave the poor wheat seeds and cattle seeds [18]. He also banned the imperial clan, the imperial clan, the imperial clan, the imperial clan, the imperial clan, the imperial clan, the imperial clan, the imperial clan, the imperial clan, the imperial clan, the imperial clan, the imperial clan, the imperial clan. On one occasion, Zhu Shitang specially sent his men to send sheep and wine to the Yellow River construction site to reward Liu Daxia and the river worker who managed the Yellow River.
Build water conservancy projects.
Including Ming Xiaozong, the most important measure in the political field is to vigorously build water conservancy, develop agriculture and prosper the economy. In the second year of Hongzhi (1489), the Yellow River burst in Kaifeng, and Xiaozong ordered Bai Anling, the left assistant minister of the household department, to repair 50,000 people [19]. In the fifth year of Hongzhi (1492), Susong River was silted and flooded. Xiao Zong ordered Guan Xu, assistant minister of the Ministry of Industry, to preside over the governance, which took nearly three years to complete. Since then, Susong has eliminated floods and once again become a land of plenty.
Strive for frugality
Filial piety strives to be frugal, decreed to reduce the expenses and sacrifices of the court, not to build large buildings, and advocated saving expenses and reducing the burden on the people. He issued many imperial edicts, forbidding imperial clan, honor and honor to occupy people's land and kill people; I have also sent letters many times to reduce summer and autumn taxes in some places. These are very conducive to easing social contradictions and social crises. During the period of orthodoxy and Chenghua, peasant uprisings continued, and the momentum was quite strong several times, but there was almost no large-scale peasant uprising in Hongzhi.
Filial piety is "diligence and thrift, diligence and love for the people", which may have a positive meaning. However, compared with the previous dynasty, the political affairs in Hongzhi period were indeed clear.
Economic achievements
In the Ming Dynasty, the national tax revenue reached its peak in Hongwu, Yongle and Xuande. During the orthodox period, due to the change of official land in Jiangnan to private land, the tax revenue dropped sharply to more than 26 million mangoku. Since then, Jingtai, Tianshun and Chenghua have been hovering between 25 million stones and 26 million stones, while Hongzhi Dynasty has increased to 27 million stones, becoming the peak of the mid-Ming Dynasty. In fact, this is not only an increase in taxes, but also a steady increase in population. From the first year of Hongzhi (1488) to the eighth year of Hongzhi (1495), the number of households increased from 9 1 13630 to 100279. In the 14th year of Hongzhi (150 1), the number of households increased to 1040883 1, and in the 17th year of Hongzhi (1504), the number of households reached 10508935, which was higher than that in the first year of Hongzhi.
Hongzhi zhongxing
In the first year of Hongzhi (1488), the minister's suggestion was adopted to set up large and small banquets [8]. This system was formulated in the early years of orthodoxy, and a big banquet was held on the 2nd, 12th and 22nd of each month, which was mainly a kind of etiquette. Xiaojing banquet, also known as Japanese lecture, is an important way to answer questions informally and calmly between the monarch and the minister and assist the government. The system of large and small banquets was abolished in the Xianzong Dynasty. Filial piety began to insist on speaking every day [8], and at the same time, in addition to the early dynasty, an afternoon dynasty was established, which toured twice a day and accepted hundreds of officials' affairs with Chen. Xiao Zong's diligent way of governing the country is in sharp contrast with his father's laziness in state affairs. Due to the determination of filial piety, hundreds of civil and military officials in the imperial court spoke one after another, complaining about the shortcomings of the times or expanding their own strategies. Marvin's fifteen things of promotion to politics, including selecting talents, prohibiting corruption, punishing prison, saving expenses, caring for scholars, saving expenses, caring for four generations, improving military equipment, etc., have been greatly appreciated by Xiao Wen and put into practice one by one, which has played a positive role in promoting and eliminating disadvantages in Hong Zhichao.
military affairs
Maintain unity
Zhu Shitang attaches great importance to military affairs and strives to safeguard national unity. During his reign, the Ming army recovered Hami three times, and the third time was the most recovered by force. After Yunus Khan ruled Turpan, he began to compete with the Ming Dynasty for control of Hami. 1488, Zhu Shitang ordered Han Shen to attack Zhongshun Wang [20] in Hami, "bestowing a golden seal and crown" and actually controlling Xinjiang. In the same year, his son, A Heima, bowed to the gate of Hami, seduced Han, executed him, seized his city, and sent an envoy to pay tribute to Ming Dynasty [2 1]. The Ming dynasty saw through its tricks and had to return the Hami gold seal. 1493, A Heima once again captured Hami [22], making it respect the long tooth orchid to protect Hami, and from time to time plundered sandbanks and other places to threaten the obedience of all guards, and the future trouble was endless. 1497, in the Ming dynasty, Ma Wensheng went to Pingfu, joined thousands of guards and tribes in Hexi, and attacked Hami City. Yalan and others fled, and Hami recovered [2 1]. At that time, some people in the imperial court advocated giving up Hami, but Zhu Shitang advocated resolutely sending troops to recover Hami, and immediately appointed Marvin as marshal, defeated Turpan army and recovered Hami [2 1].
Take good care of military commanders
He likes military commanders. For example, Ma Wensheng fired more than 30 unqualified military commanders in the post of War Minister, which offended many people. Zhu Shitang firmly supported the consolidation of Ma Wensheng, and even sent some ouchi guards to protect Ma Wensheng. He ordered that no one should serve the sergeant of the regiment. Many invasions on the little prince Tatar and Hawthorne have been effectively attacked and defeated. The most famous battles are: 1488 commanding Liao soldiers to defeat the little prince in Lanzhou [24]. 1497, Gansu general Liu Ning defeated the little prince in Liangzhou; 1500, the little prince was defeated by Yang Jian in Montenegro; 1503, Zhu Hui attacked the little prince in Hetao.
Peace policy
Zhu Shitang pursues a policy of peace and adopts a strategy of active defense against Japan. In particular, the little prince Tatar invaded the Ming Dynasty from time to time during the war. During the reign of Zhu Shitang, the repeated invasions of the little prince Tatar and Hossein were only driven by the Anti-Japanese War, and there was no expedition, nor did they take the initiative to attack the little prince and Hossein's lair in the desert, nor did they take the initiative to launch a large-scale campaign against neighboring countries. Historians have different opinions about this. However, other neighboring countries or subordinate countries, such as Annan, Siam, Uzbekistan, Ryukyu, Zhancheng, Samarkand, Horaza, Java, Japan and so on. , there is no regular tribute to the Ming dynasty [25].