Take the Chinese homework in the first grade of primary school as an example. The focus of Chinese teaching in lower grades is literacy and writing. The homework assigned by the teacher is often dictation or copying new words. In fact, children don't like dictation and copying simple and repetitive homework. They just take orders like soldiers and then finish these tasks mechanically. Of course, with such a learning attitude to complete homework, the effect of homework can be imagined.
(B) monotonous form of work, lack of creativity.
Middle school students began to write simple sentences, and the homework assigned by the teacher was to write a few fluent sentences or keep a diary. For senior children, it is to let them practice writing. Other homework is nothing more than reading extra-curricular books, accumulating some good words and taking reading notes. This form of homework is too monotonous, lacking creativity, and students' enthusiasm for doing homework is not high.
(3) The burden of homework is heavy.
The heavy homework burden mentioned here does not come from the homework assigned by the school teacher, but from the homework assigned by the parents to the children.
Facing the increasingly fierce social competition, many parents realize that only knowledge can change their destiny. Only by continuous learning can children be in an invincible position in society. No one wants their children to lose at the starting line. When the call for reducing the burden comes, on the one hand, the school requires teachers to reduce homework, on the other hand, parents increase the homework burden for students-Huanggang secret volume, one lesson and one practice, synchronous practice, composition start, inference and so on. Let the children practice repeatedly, or let them rush to various cram schools to learn abacus and piano. Although they know that their children are very hard, parents also seem very helpless: "Now the competition is so fierce that others are learning. How can my children compete with others without learning something! " As a result, our children are still not free from the heavy academic burden.
(d) "No written homework" is mistaken for "No homework".
In the face of the "no written homework" stipulated by the Ministry of Education, some teachers mistakenly regard it as "no homework". Many teachers only ask their children to finish their homework in class and stay after school. The sudden relaxation made children and parents feel a little lost. Some children go home and stare straight at TV or start playing video games. Parents are also lamenting that when their children go home, they only know how to watch TV and play games, thus neglecting their studies. Stop him, he's getting more and more disobedient when he talks back to you!
According to the above situation, we can easily see that the main problems existing in primary school students' homework at present are: lack of attraction, lack of creativity, lack of reasonable design, and insufficient correct understanding of homework by students, parents and teachers. Therefore, I propose the following solutions.
(1) Teachers should first make clear the necessity of assigning homework.
Children are minors, and they don't know how to plan the learning content and learning goals reasonably. So after the teacher doesn't assign homework, he will become idle when he gets home. They don't know what they should do, just watch their favorite cartoons according to their own preferences and seek excitement in the game. As educators, we should give timely guidance, teach children to gradually learn to arrange their spare time, and let them understand that there are many meaningful things worth doing besides watching cartoons and playing games.
For example, let children know how to love nature; Teach children to explore the secrets of nature; Teach them to love their lives; Teach them to be grateful; Let them know the fun of using their hands and brains; Let them experience the meaning of labor ... and it is not enough to rely solely on classroom and textbook teaching. This requires effective supplement after class and guidance from teachers. From this point of view, it is necessary to assign homework.
(2) Arrange homework correctly and reasonably.
Since you want to assign homework, you must understand the importance of homework, clearly realize that assigning homework is not a casual thing, and you must treat it correctly. Then, what kind of homework is arranged becomes the core factor of homework arrangement.
China's current education policy is: "Education must serve the socialist modernization and must be combined with productive labor to cultivate builders and successors of the socialist cause with all-round development in morality, intelligence and physique." In my opinion, our homework should not only be in the teaching of Chinese, mathematics and other subjects, but should be carried out closely around the educational purpose and should be properly considered in all aspects.
1. Homework is a supplement and continuation of classroom teaching, which can be combined with subject teaching arrangements.
Homework is a learning task designed by teachers and completed by students at home. First of all, homework should be a supplement and continuation of classroom teaching, which plays an important role in consolidating classroom teaching and improving students' academic performance. Teachers should arrange some targeted and flexible homework according to the actual situation of students and the needs of learning itself, so that children are full of interest in homework.
When I was teaching Chinese to the first grade, I asked my children to master some words, so I designed a boring copy to let students make their own word cards. In this way, both hands and brains moved. Children are full of interest in this kind of homework. They design their own word cards and word cards into various shapes, and they are also equipped with various patterns. Most importantly, in this process, they have subconsciously memorized new words.
Einstein once said, "The best teacher is love." Yes, interest is the best teacher. Any education can achieve the greatest benefit only if it really stimulates students' interest in learning, and so can homework.
The children in the lower grades are in the literacy stage. After learning some words, reading is full of curiosity for them, and they are willing to learn new knowledge through reading. Therefore, students can be arranged to read a lot. The reading mentioned here is not to let students read aimlessly, but to test it by letting children read, telling classmates, teachers, parents or teachers asking a few questions. In this way, children can not only gain new knowledge in reading, but also know (consolidate and review) the words they have learned in reading and learn more new words.
It is not enough for some subjects to rely solely on theoretical explanations in class. At this time, students can design some homework that needs practical operation and practice for them to complete, so as to deepen their understanding and application of classroom teaching content.
2. Arrange homework around educational purposes, let children play in middle schools and schools, and cultivate their all-round development.
Huichang Chen, a professor at the Institute of Developmental Psychology of Beijing Normal University, mentioned two facts and a paradox in "Education and Moral Education Reform with Respect for Equality".
The first fact is that in recent years, psychologists at home and abroad have found that the IQ of China and Jews is the highest among all ethnic groups in the world; The academic performance of primary and secondary school students in China is the best in the world. The research of foreign psychometric experts proves that there is no significant difference in IQ between East Asians and Jews. The IQ of East Asians and Jews is slightly higher than that of Anglo-Saxon whites. More Hispanics and Africans than Americans. After 1980, Chinese middle school students achieved excellent results in international Olympic mathematics and physics competitions. China's primary school students' math scores are significantly higher than those of the United States.
The second fact is: from 190 1 up to now, only eight China people have won the Nobel Prize, and six of them have won the Nobel Prize in Science; However, more than 240 Jews won the Nobel Prize, which is 28 times the average level of all nationalities in the world and 40 times that of Chinese. In the "Ivy League University" in the United States, Jews account for 25% of top professors, while China only accounts for 2%. Among American space scientists, Jews account for 60%, while China is rare. In addition, China people rarely win prizes in various world competitions involving creativity, including architectural design, fine arts, music creation, documentaries, advertisements, fashion design and so on.
These two facts form a paradox: the intelligence of China people is not necessarily lower than that of other ethnic groups, but few people have achieved high-level achievements. Can this be explained by the general poor creativity of East Asians? Japan, which belongs to East Asia, has won more than a dozen Nobel Prizes, several of which were won in Japan.
Whether you can win the Nobel Prize marks the scientific research level of a country, which is determined by many factors, one of which is education and culture. As educators, we must reflect on these facts.