1, Immanuel Kant (German: Immanuel Kant,1April 22, 724-1February 804, at the age of 80), was born in Koenigsberg, Germany, and died here. He is a German writer, philosopher and founder of German classical philosophy. His theory has deeply influenced the modern west.
2. johann gottlieb fichte (1762may19-1814 December17), a German writer, philosopher and patriot, is one of the main representatives of classical philosophy. As a philosopher, he sought the unity of philosophical thoughts, especially Kant's idealism. As a patriot, he tried to awaken the German people to demand national reunification.
3. Friedrich william joseph Schelling (1775 65438+1October 27th-1August 20th, 854, aged 79), born in Xirong, is a scholar.
4. georg wilhelm friedrich hegel (German: georg wilhelm friedrich hegel, often abbreviated as G.W.F Hegel; 1 August 27th, 770-A.D. 183 1 year 1 month14th), a German philosopher.
Extended data:
Kant is a dualist and an agnostic. In order to reconcile rationalism and empiricism, he put forward his own critical philosophy. Fichte, on the other hand, holds subjective idealism (which is also considered to be inclined to objective idealism in the later period). Schelling and Hegel are sometimes regarded as objective idealists, but in fact their views are quite different. Until Feuerbach attacked Hegel's grand metaphysical system from the perspective of materialism, thus ending German classical philosophy.
German classical philosophy is abstract and speculative, and its greatest significance lies in the great change of world outlook since Kant. The world is no longer what it is now, and reason is no longer just regarded as an accessory of law, but is transformed into legislation for the world by reason, and the world is considered to be determined by our observation.
After Kant, the voluntarism represented by Schopenhauer came into being. After Feuerbach, the historical materialism represented by Marx came into being. In addition, analytical philosophy, phenomenology and other philosophical branches, even until Habermas, were deeply influenced by German classical philosophy.
References:
Baidu Encyclopedia German Classical Philosophy