Generally, pigs can be divided into white pigs, black pigs and flower pigs according to their coat color. 1, White Pig: It mainly includes Shanghai White Pig, Hanzhong Whi
Generally, pigs can be divided into white pigs, black pigs and flower pigs according to their coat color. 1, White Pig: It mainly includes Shanghai White Pig, Hanzhong White Pig, Large White Pig, Nanchang White Pig and Landrace Pig, among which Large White Pig is widely distributed and is a famous pig breed. 2. Black pig: It mainly includes laiwu black pig, southern Anhui black pig, Bamei pig, Northeast Min pig and Luodai black pig, among which Northeast Min pig is one of the three local high-quality pig breeds in China. 3. Flower Pig: It mainly includes Chun 'an Flower Pig, Anhui and Zhejiang Flower Pig, Northeast Flower Pig, Guanghua Pig and Ningxiang Tuhua Pig, among which Ningxiang Tuhua Pig is one of the four famous local pig breeds in China.
First, white pig
1, Shanghai White Pig
(1) Shanghai white pig is a hybrid of bred pig breeds in Shanghai suburbs with Yorkshire pig, Landrace pig and Essence pig. It has white fur, strong physique, long body, wide and flat back and strong limbs.
(2) Shanghai White Pig has the characteristics of strong anti-stress ability, docile motherhood, caring for young, easy to feed, high lean meat rate, fast growth and many litters. It has strong adaptability to chaff, bean dregs, green feed and other foods, and is suitable for feeding in suburbs of big cities and medium-sized cities.
2. Hanzhong White Pig
(1) The coat color of Hanzhong white pigs is all white, and some pigs have small black spots around their eyes. Generally, sows have no protruding hair, and a few boars have protruding hair. Generally, it is large and rectangular, with no wrinkles on the forehead. It has strong limbs, and boars generally have no teeth.
(2) Hanzhong White Pig is of medium build, with no wrinkles on the forehead, medium mouth tube, straight back and waist, inconspicuous sagging abdomen, moderate plump buttocks, more than 6 pairs of effective nipples, neatly arranged, and its lean meat rate is generally 55-65%, with normal meat color, thin skin and tender meat, and good flavor.
3. Large white pig
(1) Yorkshire Pig is a well-known pig with white fur, moderate head size, straight or slightly concave nose, upright ears, straight back and waist, strong limbs and hooves, wide front shoulder blades, wide back and full hindquarters.
(2) Generally speaking, pigs can be divided into three types, namely, large white pigs, medium white pigs and small white pigs. Large white pigs are widely distributed in the world and belong to the type of bacon. Adult boars generally weigh 300-500kg, and sows generally weigh 200-350kg, which has the characteristics of strong fertility, and the litter size is generally 10- 12.
4. Nanchang White Pig
(1) Nanchang White Pig has white coat color, small and upright ears, long and straight back, flat and compact abdomen, plump hindquarters and solid limbs.
(2) Nanchang White Pig has the characteristics of fast growth and development, good motherhood and high carcass lean meat rate, and its breeding place is in Nanchang City, Jiangxi Province.
5.landrace pig
(1) Landrace pigs have a white coat and a wedge-shaped body, which is light at the front and heavy at the back. Most of its ears stretch horizontally forward, with a small head and a long nose, a moderate chest width and depth, and a special back and waist. Its dorsal line is usually slightly arched, its ventral line is straight and its hindquarters are plump. Adult boars generally weigh 250-350kg, and sows generally weigh about 250kg.
(2) The meat quality of Landrace pigs usually has excellent characteristics, generally there is no inferior meat such as gray, soft, watery, black and hard, and it has the characteristics of more litter size, more milk production, high weaning litter weight, fast growth and high lean meat rate, which is generally used to cultivate lean-meat varieties (lines) and hybrid parents of commercial lean-meat pigs.
Second, black pig
1, laiwu black pig
(1) Generally, the breeding history of laiwu black pig can be traced back to at least the primitive society of Neolithic Age. Before the 1950s, purebred laiwu black pig was widely seen in Laiwu, but in the late 1950s and mid-1970s, due to the lack of plans to introduce new breeds of pigs to cross with laiwu black pig, purebred Laiwu pigs were continuously eliminated. After the end of 1970s, purebred laiwu black pig was on the verge of despair. In order to save this endangered high-quality pig breed, the relevant departments have been visiting the general survey, looking for purebred laiwu black pig and keeping it in Laiwu pig farm and breeding base.
(2) laiwu black pig's fur is all black, of medium build, with strong physique, soft ears, big ears hanging down to the corners of his mouth, usually with a narrow forehead and 6-8 inverted stripes. It has the characteristics of high fertility, strong feeding ability, strong meat flavor, strong resistance and obvious heterosis. It is a characteristic variety in the pork market at present, and has been listed as a national protected variety of livestock and poultry genetic resources by the Ministry of Agriculture.
2. Southern Anhui Black Pig
(1) The whole body coat of Wannan Black Pig is black, with dark skin color, medium build, well-proportioned structure and light posture. It has the characteristics of green feed resistance, strong stress resistance, strong disease resistance, high fecundity and docile temperament.
(2) Generally, it can be divided into lion head type and horse face type according to head type. The lion's head is relatively large, with rough and loose physique, short and slightly upturned mouth, deep and obvious forehead wrinkles, generally male or bagua-shaped, with a large abdomen and slightly drooping, while the horse's face is medium in size, meticulous and compact, slightly longer and slightly higher, with thin and shallow forehead wrinkles and full hindquarters.
3. Eight-browed pig
(1) Bamei pig has black hair all over its body, a long and narrow head, drooping ears and inverted splayed wrinkles on its forehead. Generally speaking, it can be divided into three types according to its body shape, appearance and production characteristics. Among them, there are fewer existing stalls in Dabamei, and the production performance in Mei Erba is higher, while piglets have the characteristics of early maturity and easy fattening, accounting for 80% of this breed.
(2) Bamei pig has the characteristics of coarse tolerance, bitter tolerance, strong stress resistance, large litter size, stable heredity, bright red meat and delicious taste, and is a fleshy variety.
4. Northeastern pigs
(1) Northeast Min Pig, Central Plains Taihu Pig and Chongqing Rongchang Pig are also called the three local high-quality pig breeds in China. Its whole body hair is black, its physique is strong, its head is medium-sized, its back and waist are relatively flat, its limbs are stout, its hindquarters are inclined and narrow, and it usually produces brownish red fluff in winter, which has the advantages of more litter, good meat quality, cold resistance and rough feeding resistance.
(2) Northeastern pigs belong to an ancient local pig breed. There are generally three kinds: large (human pig), medium (human pig) and small (poached pig). Most farmers will raise medium-sized human pigs. A few remote rural areas will raise a small number of large and small people's pigs.
5. Luodai Black Pig
(1) The coat color of Luodai black pig is gray-black, the skin is pink, and the lower limbs are white. Its appearance is unique. Generally, it can be described in one sentence, namely? Dark clouds cover the top, and four hooves tread through the snow? .
(2) Luodai Black Pig has the characteristics of early maturity, fast reproduction, high litter rate, strong cold resistance and disease resistance, and its reproductive cycle is usually longer. Its meat is tender, bright red and shiny, with obvious marbling, and its taste is fat but not greasy, thin but not hard.
Third, the flower pig
1, Chun 'an Flower Pig
(1) Generally speaking, the coat color of Chun 'anhua pig can be divided into two types. The first one is that the head and buttocks are black, the back and waist have black patches of different sizes, the limbs and abdomen are white, and there is a tuft of white hair on the forehead. The second kind is black except for the white hair on the lower abdomen and limbs. Some pigs have a leucorrhea with different widths around their necks, which is called? Silver collar? .
(2) Generally, it can be divided into three types according to the characteristics of the head. The first is the lion's head, with a short head and a big mouth, a slightly concave face, and deep rhombic wrinkles. There are horizontal wrinkles on the bridge of the nose, which are generally larger. The second type is a long-lived head shape, with shallow forehead wrinkles, thick mouth tube, hard ears, thin skin and generally larger body shape. The third type is the mouse head type, with less forehead wrinkles, straight mouth, thin skin and thin bones, and generally small size.
2. Anhui Zhejiang Flower Pig
(1) The coat color of Anhui Zhehua pig is black and white, the snout, lower limbs, chest and lower abdomen are generally white, the head and buttocks are black, and the forehead has different shapes and sizes of coat colors. A white-haired star? And at the junction of the two colors, there are black and white hairs with different widths? Aura? .
(2) Anhui-Zhejiang Flower Pig has the characteristics of high slaughter rate and good meat quality, which can generally be used for curing ham and bacon, but its growth rate is slow and feed utilization rate is low.
3. Northeast Flower Pig
(1) Northeast Flower Pig is a hybrid pig with black and white coat, plump hindquarters and strong limbs. The male parent is Ke Milov pig, and the female parent is generally Min pig or Baxia hybrid sow. Generally, there are three strains, Heilongjiang Heihua, Jilin Jihua and Liaoning Shenhua, among which Heihua is the main strain, but there are a few small pieces of white hair.
(2) Northeast Flower Pig has the characteristics of strong adaptability, fast growth, high feed yield and good fattening performance. Under good feeding conditions, the weight of black-flower finishing pigs (12 pigs) at the age of 6 months is generally 97.5kg, and the consumption of concentrate is 3.7kg per kg.
4. Guanghua pig
(1) Guanghua pig is of medium build, with black and white fur, large black spots on the head and buttocks, black spots of different sizes on the back, white abdomen and limbs, large drooping ears, wide back and waist, short buttocks, slightly concave back and large abdomen.
(2) Guanghua pigs are mainly distributed in Guangzhou, Dongguan, Zhongshan, Boluo, Longmen, Kaiping and other places, and can generally adapt to the hot and humid environmental conditions in the south. Moreover, sows are gentle in temperament, have obvious estrus, are easy to breed, and have a high estrus pregnancy rate. At the same time, sows have good farrowing and feeding performance, and the hybridization effect with foreign pigs is obvious.
5. Ningxiang Tuhua Pig
(1) The ears of Ningxiang Tuhua pig are small and drooping, the neck is thick and short with drooping flesh, the back waist is wide and the back line is concave, the ribs are arched, the abdomen is drooping, the limbs are short and the thighs are not full, and the coat color is generally black and white. According to their coat color, they can usually be divided into three types, namely, dark clouds covered with snow, big black flowers and rotten the cloth flower, and classified according to their head types.
(2) Ningxiang Tuhua pig has the characteristics of roughage resistance, strong disease resistance, mild temperament, high litter rate, tender meat and delicious taste. It is an easy-to-fatten pig with early maturity, long side and strong fat storage, and it is one of the four famous local pig breeds in China.