How did the Battle of Shunchang go? What are the historical influences?

How did the Battle of Shunchang go? What are the historical influences?

In the Battle of Shunchang, Song general Liu used defense as offense and attack to break the siege. He used very few troops to smash the siege of the Jin army's large forces. It was a successful defensive battle.

In 1140 AD, the Jin rulers promised to return the three capitals of the Song Dynasty. Liu, who was newly appointed deputy guard in Tokyo (now Kaifeng, Henan), led more than 30,000 soldiers from Lin'an (now Hangzhou, Zhejiang) to prepare to garrison Tokyo. At this time, the Jin rulers had different opinions, and Jin Wushu led hundreds of thousands of troops south to attack the Song Dynasty. Liu led his troops to Shunchang and learned that the Jin army had captured Chenzhou (now Huaiyang, Henan).

At this time, some generals advocated withdrawing to the south, and Prime Minister Qin Hui also ordered Liu to withdraw his defenses. Liu believed that Shunchang had enough food and strong walls to fight, so he ordered the ships to be scuttled and fought to the death. He mobilized the masses and prepared the whole people for war. Defensive arrangements were set up on the city walls, and ambushes were set up on the outskirts of the city.

On June 11, Liu learned that the Jin army was camped outside the city, so he took advantage of the enemy's unstable foothold and sent troops to attack at night to win. On the 15th, Jin besieged Shunchang with an army of 30,000. In order to lure the enemy, Liu ordered the city gates to be opened wide. The Jin army was afraid of being ambushed and did not dare to advance. Liu waited until the Jin army retreated, then sent troops to cover the attack and won. After that, Liu made several consecutive sneak attacks on the enemy and won.

After learning about it, Jin Wushu personally led his troops to support him. On June 25, Jin Wushu arrived at Shunchang City, surrounded Shunchang City layer by layer, and sent the main force to attack the east and west gates. The Jin army encountered strong resistance from the Shunchang defenders. Coupled with the hot weather and the fatigue of the soldiers, they failed to capture Shunchang City.

Liu You, the guard general of the Song Army, designed to introduce the Jin Army into the poisonous area, and many people in the Jin Army were poisoned. Later, the Song army took advantage of the heavy rain at night and the water on the ground to attack the Jin soldiers to distract the enemy. Then they sent 5,000 elite soldiers to directly attack Jin Wushu's camp and killed nearly 10,000 Jin soldiers.

Jin Wushu sent the elite "Tiefutu" to counterattack. The "Tie Fu Tu" is a group of soldiers wearing heavy armor. Three people are divided into groups and connected with belts. Every time they take a step forward, they are surrounded by juma wood (wood used to stop horses), but they can only move forward and not back. Liu had already prepared equipment to deal with it. As soon as the "Tie Fu Tu" arrived in front of the formation, the Song army ambushed them at the south gate with bamboo tubes filled with boiled beans.

As soon as the two armies came into contact, the Song army threw out bamboo tubes and sprinkled the ground with boiled beans to induce their horses to grab food. The Song army took the opportunity to chop off the horse's legs with a machete, pick off their iron hats with a gun, and then cut off their arms or crush their heads with a sharp axe, completely repelling the Jin army's counterattack.

Jin Wushu was unwilling to fail, so he mobilized another of his elite troops, the "Guaizima", to attack the Song army. "Guiyu Ma" is a wing of cavalry arranged on the left and right. They are all composed of Jurchens who are good at riding and shooting. They are known as the "ever-victorious army". However, under the heroic attack of the Song army, this ever-victorious army also suffered a tragic defeat. Jin Wushu had no choice but to lead his army to retreat in embarrassment.

Faced with a powerful enemy pressing down on the territory, how does Liu deploy and prepare for war?

Just when a powerful enemy is pressing down on the territory, Liu responds calmly and decisively to command and prepare for war. He first personally observed the defensive facilities in the city and the terrain inside and outside the city. He saw that there was plenty of food and a lot of poison in the city, so he thought he could fight. Liu Xian ordered people to scuttle all the ships, then thicken and heighten the city walls and build fortifications.

After that, he called on all the people to work together to defeat the enemy and defend Shunchang City to the death. He moved his whole family into a temple and piled a pile of dry firewood at the door. Liu told the soldiers guarding the city that if Shunchang City was captured by the Jin army, they would immediately set fire to his whole family to avoid being insulted by the Jin army.

He used this method to inspire the soldiers and the people in the city to fight to the death for the survival of Shunchang City. Under Liu's leadership, the army and civilians worked together to defend against the enemy, "men prepared for war and defense, and women sharpened swords." According to the terrain and troop strength, he arranged his troops and ordered the commanders Xu Qing, He Hui, Zhong Yan, and Du Qi to guard the east, west, south, and north gates respectively. Relying on local people as guides, detectives were sent to continuously spy on the Jin army's actions. After a week of hard work, the defense preparations for Shunchang City were finally basically completed.

How did Liu send two people to spread false news to the Jin army?

Before the war started, Liu summoned his subordinate Cao Cheng and others, and then said to them: "I am sending you to If you are a spy in the Jin Army, you will be rewarded heavily. You just need to do what I say, and the enemy will definitely not kill you. Now I am going to send cavalry to reconnoiter the road and incorporate you into this reconnaissance team.

If you encounter Jin Bing, you must pretend to fall off your horse and be captured by the enemy. The commander of Jin Bing will definitely interrogate you. If he wants to ask me what kind of person I am, just tell me. : 'He is a border guard with little ability and likes to show off. Song Ting sent him to garrison in Tokyo because the two countries had negotiated peace. He is greedy for enjoyment and likes comfort. '"

Cao Cheng and others. Soon after setting off with the scouts, they encountered Jin soldiers, and Cao Cheng and others were captured alive. Wu Shu interrogated them, and they answered according to Liu's instructions. Wu Shu was very happy and said: "Now we can conquer Shunchang City." Immediately, he ordered to advance without vehicles, artillery and other heavy equipment. The next day, Liu was inspecting the city wall and saw them coming from a distance, so he used a rope to pull them to the city wall.

The army led by Liu was less than 20,000, and the main force was the "Eight-Character Army" originally led by Wang Yan. But there are only 5,000 people who can actually fight.

Liu led his officers and soldiers to work together and persist in resisting, adopting the correct principles and policies, that is, to strike first to defeat the enemy, avoid his energy, paralyze the enemy, and create opportunities for combat. Coupled with the strong support of the residents in the city, they finally defeated several times the enemy force with a small number of troops and withstood the Jin army's attack. This battle was one of the biggest defeats suffered by the Jin Army since it went south. The ruling and opposition parties of the Jin Kingdom were shocked.