Reporting area or unit: Taijiang County, Guizhou Province
Wood drum dance, called Zuk niel in Miao language. Taijiang Miao wooden drum dance is distributed in all Miao villages in the county. However, due to historical limitations, some villages have been basically lost. The outstanding ones are the anti-platoon wooden drum dance and the wooden drum dance in Shidong and Ge Dong. These two kinds of dances are different from making wooden drums to beating drums and dancing movements, and each has its own advantages. The inverted wooden drum is thin and long, about one meter long. The wooden drums in caves and Ge Dong are round and big, commonly known as leather drums. The drums beat like thunder. As slow as a drop of water; Drums in caves and Ge Dong are as anxious as fried beans and as loud as streams from beginning to end. When the anti-dumping wood inspired the dance. The action is characterized by two or four beats, and the dynamic rhythm of head, shoulders, waist and buttocks is stably unified in a takt time control, which is harmonious and unified. The whole body movement takes the hip as the power point and throws with the same hand. The head, hands and feet are open and closed, and the whole dance moves imitate the movements of insects, birds, fish, animals and birds. When changing, the action is bold, arrogant, agile, dexterous and lively. There is indeed a trend of spreading wings; It has the power of an eagle to protect its nest, jumping like an ape climbing fast and spinning like the momentum of a kite turning over.
kind
There are five chapters in the Anti-Paimu Drum Dance, which are Gao Dou Dance, Gao Dou Dance, Zhaxia Dance (the fifth ancestor) and Zhaxia Dance (hunting). By clicking, converging attack, staggered percussion and other playing techniques, the drums are patchy and rhythmic, which is organically combined with dance. These five chapters show that Miao ancestors traveled day and night from the East, wading through mountains and rivers, cutting through thorns, hunting against the enemy, reclaiming land and offering sacrifices to their ancestors, showing the spirit of loving each other, uniting and helping each other, and never forgetting history. However, when dancing wooden drums in caves and Ge Dong, most of them wear costumes and heavy silver ornaments (five to fifteen kilograms), so when dancing, the swing of hands, the stepping of feet and the rotation of the body are not big, so they can only walk lightly and stomp lightly, with gentle movements. When dancing, men, women and children dance around wooden drums or in a circle or several circles, and some people dance while singing. For entertainment. When dancing, two women who acted as drummers in the center of the venue sang: Come and dance/Stop dancing. The drum (festival) has passed/The drum (festival) won't come back for a while/It's hard for us to dance. The dance consists of six chapters, namely, slightly to the four directions, slightly to the wrong side (folk dance), Ming dance (resisting foreign invasion), slightly just south dance (rotating dance of insects and fish), slightly more (choreography) and slightly just (fishing and shrimp dance).
Wooden drums are accompanied by wooden drums, and drums are also divided into five natural chapters. Due to the function of the knocked parts, the drum wall and the drum stick collide with each other, forming different timbres. The playing techniques such as clicking, converging attack and wrong attack are adopted. Staggered arrangement, forming a lively rhythm, beautiful music, inverted wooden drums, organically combined with dance.
Festival custom
Every ugly year, when the once-every-two-year drum festival comes, the anti-wood drum dance will jump, which is in line with the sacrifice of cattle and grand festivals. The anti-wood lining drum has a complete structure, concise dance movements, rich combinations and warm and heroic style, which shows the life scenes and geographical environment of the ancestors and tells the origin of the ancestors. Dance development adopts a progressive way, gradually pushing the plot to a climax, and each plot is distinct and natural. The actors danced and sang together, all five bodies moved, and their hands swung on the same side, clapping two or four times. The dance is free and easy, with a large opening and closing degree of the head, hands and feet and a wide swing range.
Wooden drums are generally made of thick trunks about two meters long, hollowed out in the middle and made into grooves. Wooden Drum Dance is accompanied by drums and cymbals, and its main theme is the organic blending of singing and roaring with drums and cymbals, which not only retains the deep and profound tone of ancient times, but also has new development. Accompanied by these musical instruments, the wooden drum is spectacular: in the twilight, the heroine with long hair is standing on the "Phoenix Avenue", holding her head up, holding her chest up, and reaching into the air with her hands as if embracing the sun, surrounded by six strong men with wooden drums and red ribbons; Two young men are holding drumsticks and knocking on wooden drums majestically; Surrounded by naked men and long-haired women with red ribbons, they lay on their backs and danced slowly with the strong rhythm of male and female singers singing, roaring and drumming in the distance. The basic movements of Wood Drum Dance are "clenching fist", "stamping foot" and "shaking hair". Unique national costumes and silver ornaments shine in the sunset, and their sounds and actions are coordinated, rough and bold, magnificent and breathtaking, vividly showing the national character of the Wa nationality. When I watched the wooden drum dance, I felt energetic and moving all over, and my thoughts seemed to be back to the ancient times when I drew a bow and shot sculptures and forked animals. Whenever there are major events or festivals, Wa people will dance with literary and art workers to show their unique national customs. At this time, the audience is like a tide, and the enthusiasm and ancient artistic charm make people excited.
Mu gu gu Cang yuan wa mu gu gu
Reporting area or unit: Cangyuan Wa Autonomous County, Yunnan Province
Lamugu
Cangyuan Wamu Drum Dance consists of four parts: pulling wooden drum, entering wooden drum room, knocking wooden drum and offering wooden drum. First of all, the dance shows that the strong and fierce Awa people in the village, led by the wizard Moba, tied the selected huge trunk with vines and sang songs all the way on the trunk Moba, while the Lamu people took stepping on songs as a festival to cater to the singing and dancing that shouted to pull the wood forward to the village. This simple and rough song and dance drum has a sacred and solemn atmosphere, and the dance steps naturally rhyme, which is very primitive in worship.
Walk into the wooden drum room
In the second paragraph, people enter the wooden drum room in the form of dance, focusing on simulating dance to show the labor process of people digging and making wooden drums. After the birth of the new wooden drum, Moba held branches and guided the wooden drum into the wooden drum room in the squat March.
Knock on the wooden drum
The third section, knocking on the wooden drum, is the warmest and most wonderful climax of the "Wooden Drum Dance" performance. With skillful drumming skills and rough dancing, the whole passage shows a variety of dance routines such as sacrifice, patrol, alarm and dance performed by the performers to simulate the daily life of the Wa people. Dance begins with one or two people playing drums, and the timbre and rhythm of drums change with the change of dance content. When the dance reached its climax, three or four brave men with painted drumsticks entered the venue, drumming, spinning and jumping around the drum, pushing the jubilant atmosphere of knocking on the wooden drum to the extreme. People and gods are happy together, and at the same time they get the greatest spiritual pleasure.
Festival custom
Wa folk festivals and sacrificial activities are integrated with each other. On New Year's Day and sacrifices, people dress up in costumes, kill pigs and cows, soak in water and wine, and steam glutinous rice to celebrate, which is very lively. Among them, the most grand is the "Lamu Festival" held in December of the lunar calendar, which is also the "Greer Month" in the Gregorian calendar. This ritual activity is not only grand in ceremony and grand in scene, but also the traditional "Mugugong" of the Wa nationality led by the wizard "Moba" runs through the ceremony. More importantly, at that time, the great god "Muyiji" will visit the grand event in person and accept people's worship and worship.
Cultural spirit
Every New Year's Day celebration, Wa people, men, women and children will put on new clothes and dance on the wooden drum. People joined hands in a circle and danced around the "wooden drum room". They express their admiration for the "wooden drum" by bending their knees and bending over. People, regardless of gender, age and age, turn counterclockwise and turn slowly. The main actions are cutting hands, walking and stamping their feet. On the first beat, tilt your right foot to the right, take a step forward, raise your elbow to the top of your head, and lean back; On the second beat, take a step with your left foot, throw your hands behind your back and lean forward. Repeatedly, the movements are regular and smooth. The dance was accompanied by the lead singer of the drummer and the singing of the crowd. Lyrics mainly focus on national history, sacrifice, labor production and life. The whole song and dance shows the joy of the Wa people in the process of making wooden drums and after the completion of making wooden drums. The drums, songs and cheers from time to time, accompanied by passionate dances, strongly show the Wa people's simple local feelings and persistent pursuit of "survival and development" national spirit. Nowadays, people add the "hair-throwing" action of Wa women to the dance, which further enriches the form and dance vocabulary of wooden drum dance and becomes the representative dance of Wa people.