Active military guns
Guns in World War II
Saint Patty Hickey Hohegiyou
Sanpati-shiki hoheijyuu is a manual bolt rifle. Commonly known as Sanba cover in China, it is named after the arched dust cover on the bolt, which looks like a cover. When the bolt is opened, the shell is thrown out, and the bolt is pushed up and closed, the dust cover can move backward or forward with the bolt machine to play a dust-proof role.
Specification parameter
Category: rotary return bolt, magazine for ammunition.
Diameter: 6.5 mm.
Ammunition: 6.5×50 mm rifle ammunition.
Magazine capacity: 5 rounds
Full length:1.280mm.
Barrel length: 797 mm
Weight: 3.95 kg
Initial speed: 765 m/s
Effective range: 460 meters
100 type
1935, the Japanese army learned the power of China submachine guns in actual combat, and then began to manufacture submachine guns. At that time, the South Artillery Factory of the Central Industry Corporation was specifically responsible for this work. The manufacturer called it the southern submachine gun, and its magazine can hold 50 bullets. The magazine is inserted under the gun in an arc shape, which is similar to a banana. With the development of trial production, the magazine gradually moved to the left, showing a horizontal shape, which was very similar to the later British Stern submachine gun, in order to facilitate horizontal shooting. This design method is rare in the world. Finally, the gun was fixed at 1940, which was consistent with SHEN WOO calendar year 1000, so it was named "Hundred-style submachine gun" and was equipped with troops in 194 1 year.
Full length: 900 mm;
Barrel length: 280mm
Gun weight: 4.2 kg;
Loading capacity: 30 rounds;
Rate of fire: 700 rounds per minute.
Taisho fourteen-year pistol
This pistol uses a southern 8mm bullet, which has extremely high pointing accuracy and the lethality of the bullet is basically the same as that of Damme. Unprotected people are hit, usually dead or disabled. However, the penetration of this bullet is very weak, and it can be blocked with five quilts. In addition, the design structure used in this gun must be strictly maintained to ensure its reliability, otherwise the second bullet will easily be improperly loaded after firing, leading to a pause in shooting.
Service life: 1925- 1945
Diameter: 8 mm
Barrel length:117mm
Total length of gun: 230mm.
Weight: 900g
Loading quantity: 8 rounds
Effective range: 60 meters
Dazheng eleven light machine gun
Taisho 1 1 light machine gun (1 1 year machine gun) is a 6.5 mm caliber light machine gun used by Japan in the Second World War. It was named after the 11th year of Taisho in Japan (1922) became the standard equipment. Because the butt is bent to the right for easy aiming, it is commonly known as the "crooked stick" machine gun in China.
Operation: automatic
Ammunition: 6.5× 58mm rifle ammunition.
Capacity: 5 rounds per magazine, 30 rounds per hopper
Weight:10.2kg.
Full length: 1 100 mm
Barrel length: 485 mm
Initial speed: 736m/s
Theoretical firing rate: 600 rounds per minute
Effective range: 600 meters
Diameter: 6.5 mm.
Type 96 light machine gun
From the appearance, the gun should be an eleven-year improved version, but because it adopts the same ammunition supply method as ZB26, I always think that this gun type was modified by the Japanese army according to ZB26. After consulting the information, I know that the Japanese army does have a light machine gun designed according to ZB26, but this is not the case. This will be introduced later. Pay attention to the scarlet letter. These places are similar to ZB26.
This kind of machine gun is one of the more captured by our army. Its full name is Japanese 6.5mm 1996 light machine gun. SHEN WOO era 2596 (1936) equipment. Compared with the 11-year model, the structure is simpler, more durable and less prone to failure. The caliber is still 6.5 mm, and the steam guide, air cooling and air guide hole are adjustable. It adopts an arc magazine and is installed above the casing. Drum scale is divided into 2- 15, and aiming hole can be adjusted left and right. The sight is on the left side of the gun and the wing. A major feature of this gun is that a bayonet can be installed in front of the piston barrel (think of the kind that modern machine guns can install), and it can be installed on the shell. There is a handle at the tail of the barrel, the butt of the gun is fishtail-shaped, the pull handle is located on the left side, and there is a protruding shell-withdrawing tappet above it, which is protected by an iron cover. The gun has no single-shot device and can only be fired repeatedly. Because of the small caliber, the lethality and penetration are insufficient (this is also the reason why the 99 model appeared later). The "96" type uses 6.5 mm rifle bullets, with a muzzle velocity of 730 m/s, a range of 1500 m and a maximum range of 3,000 m. The ammunition uses 30 arc magazines, with a theoretical firing rate of 530 rounds/min, four rifling lines are right-handed, the winding distance is 200 mm, and the total length is 1067 mm.
Type 99 light machine gun
Remarks: To be exact, the shape of Type 99 light machine gun is more like ZB-26. On the basis of Type 96, its caliber is increased to 7.7 mm, and a horn-shaped flame arrester is installed at the muzzle, which is basically the same as Type 96 in other aspects. The light machine gun developed by 1939 is widely used in the Pacific War and the operations of the US military. Because the Japanese basically have no submachine guns, there is no similar M-65433.
Diameter: 7.7 mm.
Range: 3600 meters
Rate of fire: 800 rounds per minute.
Magazine capacity: 30 rounds
Japanese Type 92 7.7 mm heavy machine gun
Realizing that it is not easy to refit 1989 rotating heavy machine guns on the ground, the Army used 7.7 mm bullets in the experimental development of heavy machine guns used in Showa for seven years. Because of the increase of caliber, the gun body has been strengthened and enlarged, which also leads to the increase of the weight of the whole gun. Later, the sample gun was tested in Showa from 7 to 8 years. In Showa in 14 years, it was officially finalized as the name of 1992 heavy machine gun. Its basic structure follows the structure of three-year heavy machine guns, with different calibers, different optical sights and different grips in different places. The aiming device adopts an optical aiming mirror, and the long-distance hitting accuracy is quite high. The oiling device and feeding mechanism of bullets are the same as those of the three-year machine gun, with the addition of a lower handle and a muzzle flame arrester. The way to supply ammunition is not a chain, but a plate, and the firing method is not a finger trigger, but a pressing iron. Allied soldiers are called "woodpeckers" because of their unique emitting sound.
Advantages and disadvantages of 92 heavy machine gun
superiority
Using optical aiming, the hit rate is high
The handle is folded and easy to operate.
Use a muzzle flame arrester (it doesn't affect the shooter's observation), but it is doubtful to say that the opponent is difficult to find)
disadvantaged
It is heavier than the three-year machine gun before modification.
Compared with other machine guns at that time, the firing speed was slow (this is also its biggest shortcoming, and heavy machine guns are the firepower pillar of the Japanese army).
It is difficult to change the barrel in wartime.
Performance data:
In 2592, the yellow base was shaped and the air guide was automatic.
Service life: 1932- 1945
Diameter: 7.7 mm
Barrel length: 72 1 mm
Total length of gun: 1 156 mm.
Weight: 55.3kg
Number of bullets: 30 bullets. Protective plate
Launch speed: 450 rounds/minute (maximum), actually 200 rounds/minute.
Initial velocity of bullet: 800 m/s
Scale range: 2400 meters
Maximum range: 4500 meters
Manufacturer Hitachi
The total output is 45,000.
Type 93 Grenade
Type 93 Grenade is a kind of light Grenade developed and equipped by Japan in 1930s, and it is also the representative work of Japanese Grenade in the same period. Its biggest feature is simple structure, small and light, with a total length of 83mm, a diameter of 50mm, a total weight of 370g and a charge of 39.5gTNT explosives.
Type 93 Grenade is cylindrical in shape, and its body is engraved with five transverse grooves, which are used to prevent skidding and control the number and size of fragments. The fuselage is designed with lifting eyes and iron rings with holes up and down, which is convenient to carry. When in use, first take off the safety helmet, unscrew the lead cap, and then draw it out with force after exposing the matchrope, that is, realize ignition, and then throw the Grenade with force. After a delay of about 5 seconds, the detonator and the main charge will be detonated.
The disadvantage of 93 Grenade is that the fragments produced by the explosion of the shell are uneven, and sometimes the oversized shrapnel will fly far away and even hurt the user. In addition, the moisture-proof performance of the ignition device is not ideal, and it was finally replaced by the 97-type Grenade with impact ignition fuze.
Type 97 Grenade
Type 97 Grenade was the most widely used and well-known Grenade in Japan during World War II, representing the highest development level of Japanese grenades at that time. The bomb was equipped with Japanese troops from 1937 and was used until the end of World War II. 97 Grenade is improved on the basis of 9 1 Grenade, and the improved 10 fuze is used. Therefore, from the appearance, it is almost the same as the 9 1 Grenade except that there is no propellant cartridge and no screw hole at the bottom of the projectile. The structure and use steps of the two are basically the same, but there are some differences in some details.
Type 97 Grenade has a diameter of 49.5mm, a total length of 95mm, a total mass of 445g and a charge of 56gTNT. Different from 9 1 Grenade, the delay time of 97 Grenade fuze is changed to 4-5 seconds, which is usually marked on the surface of the delay tube of fuze body. The shell of Type 97 Grenade is engraved with the same size and number of debris grooves as that of Type 9 1 Grenade. The difference is that the centering ring on the shell of Type 97 Grenade is directly cast, which is mainly because it can't be launched with a Grenade barrel and it doesn't need to complete the cylindrical part of the shell. In addition, as mentioned earlier, there is no threaded hole in the bottom of the Type 97 Grenade, so it cannot be connected with the propellant cartridge.
Because of the short delay time, 97 grenades should be thrown more carefully than 9 1 grenades. In addition to throwing it by hand, you can also throw it with a gun hanging from a Grenade barrel like a 9 1 Grenade. The specific use method is the same as that of 9 1 Grenade.
There is also a relatively rare 97-type Grenade training model, which is larger than the real 97-type Grenade. It is a solid concrete structure with no grooves on the surface, but a safety pin is inserted in the head.
The main disadvantages of type 97 Grenade are: the cylinder is not conducive to holding and throwing, and it is not conducive to forming uniform fragments; Fuze structure is complex, and a large number of brass materials are used, which is not conducive to reducing mass and saving materials; The design of fuze firing mode is unreasonable, and it needs to be knocked on hard objects, which is inconvenient to use in some special occasions. Compared with the firing mode of western grenades, the number of parts has not decreased, but the efficiency is far from the same.
98 Grenade with wooden handle
In order to solve the problems of complicated production process and short throwing distance of Type 97 Grenade, Type 98 Grenade with wooden handle was developed. The shape, size and structure of hand grenades are similar to those with small wooden handles used by China army at that time, but the radian of wooden handles is slightly different. However, this kind of Grenade is not widely used in the Japanese army.
Type 98 Grenade with wooden handle has a cylindrical body, no grooves on the surface, a diameter of about 50mm, a total length of 202mm, a total mass of 560g, and 70gTNT explosives. Friction fuze is used for delay fuze for 4-5 seconds. The ignition delay assembly is very similar to China's Type 67 Grenade, except that the ignition powder is directly coated on one end of the ignition rope. When the ignition rope is quickly pulled out of the ignition tube, it will rub with the latter to ignite the ignition powder, and then ignite the delay fuse.
The use method, advantages and disadvantages of Type 98 wooden handle grenades are the same as those of most wooden handle grenades, so I won't go into details here. For details, please refer to the German M24 Grenade mentioned earlier.
Type 99 multi-purpose Grenade
In order to replace the heavy-duty 9 1 Grenade with poor shooting performance, Japan developed 99 multi-purpose Grenade and its matching 100 Grenade at 1939. The first time the US military came into contact with grenades was during the Battle of 1942 Aleutian Islands, nicknamed "Kiska Island Grenade". Grenade is mainly made of gun hair and can be thrown by hand if necessary. The Japanese army paid more attention to grenades and launchers, but because the situation of the Pacific War gradually developed in a direction that was not conducive to Japan, the actual output was not large, and the number captured by the US military was not much. Now it is also one of the more expensive souvenirs of World War II in the international weapons collection market.
Type 99 multi-purpose Grenade also has a simple cylindrical appearance. There is a cylindrical fuse in the middle of the upper end, a protective ring below the fuse, and a centering ring matching with the shell wall above and below the shell. The surface of the shell is smooth and without grooves. The maximum diameter of the bomb is 40mm, the height is 75 mm, the total mass of the bomb is 300g, and it is equipped with 58g TNT explosive wrapped in paper tube, with an effective killing radius of 5 m.
Type 99 multi-purpose Grenade basically inherits the type of Type 97 Grenade in structure, but its volume and mass are reduced. The main structure of the fuse is similar to that of the 97-type Grenade, but the difference is that there is no roller groove on the fuse cover of the 99-type fuse and no corresponding groove on the fuse body. In addition, there is no copper tube in the bomb body, and the detonator is directly connected with the fuse body.
The use of the 99-type multi-purpose Grenade is the same as that of the 9 1 Grenade, but there is also the danger that the Grenade will not explode in time after landing directly, or it will be ignited first and then thrown. This is mainly because these multi-purpose grenades developed in Japan often pay more attention to the performance of grenades and fail to take into account other launching methods.
Type 99 multi-purpose Grenade can be launched by rifle in addition to hand throwing, and the supporting device is 100 Grenade launcher. This Grenade launcher is actually just a Grenade launcher attached to the muzzle of a rifle, which is specially used to launch Type 99 multi-purpose Grenade with a range of about 1 10m. There are two types of 100 Grenade launchers: one for 6.5 mm caliber rifles and the other for 7.7 mm caliber rifles. 100 The main part of the grenade barrel is a section of steel pipe with a connecting device at the back and a white vertical line at the bottom for aiming. Different from other Grenade launchers, the launcher and barrel of 100 Grenade launcher are not on the same axis, and a thin tube is specially designed below the barrel for bullets to pass through, and gunpowder gas is introduced into the launcher through a tortuous channel. Because the Grenade is not in a straight line with the barrel, the danger of loading live ammunition by mistake is ruled out, but it also brings some shortcomings such as low utilization rate of gunpowder gas and very limited actual throwing distance.
Link graph