There are 25 people from Sichuan, 5 from Tang Dynasty, 2 from Five Dynasties, 13 from Song Dynasty, 1 each from Yuan, Ming and Qing dynasties, and 2 from Daxi Kingdom (Zhang Xianzhong).
The first number one scholar in Sichuan was Fan Chongkai from Neijiang. In the fourth year of Kaiyuan (716) of Emperor Xuanzong of Tang Dynasty, he won the title of Bingchen Kezhuang and became the leader in the world. Fan Chongkai is "good at writing, and he can write a thousand words to achieve immediate results", and his literary thinking is very agile. His younger brother Fan Yuankai was as famous as him and was known as the "Wu Ke Shuang Phoenix" at that time.
Luo Chengxiang, the last number one scholar in Sichuan, was born in Zizhou (now Zizhong, Sichuan). The courtesy name is Gongsu. He was born in the fourth year of Tongzhi in the Qing Dynasty (1865) and died in the fifteenth year of the Republic of China (1926). He became the number one scholar in the 21st year of Guangxu reign of Qing Dynasty (1895). He studied at Jinjiang Academy and Zunjing Academy in Chengdu. In 1895, he became a Jinshi, ranked first in the Imperial Examination, and was awarded the title of Compiler by the Hanlin Academy. He was the only number one scholar in Sichuan during the Qing Dynasty.
The area with the most number one scholars in Sichuan is Langzhong in northeastern Sichuan. Langzhong is known as the "Taishu Conduit" and "Bashu Stronghold". It is rich in natural resources and has outstanding people. In history, it not only gave birth to Luo Xiahong, the creator of "Taichu Calendar" and the Armillary Sphere, but also father-son astronomers Ren Wensun and Ren Wengong. Astronomers Zhou Shu, Zhou Qun, Zhou Chen, historian and teacher of Chen Shou, the author of "Three Kingdoms" Zhou Qiao, as well as historical celebrities such as the Southern Song Dynasty general and Yue Fei's beloved son-in-law Zhang Xianxian, and they gave birth to 5 champions. They are Yin Shu, the number one scholar of Xinweike in the seventh year of Zhenyuan (791) of Emperor Dezong of the Tang Dynasty, Yin Ji, the number one scholar of Guijike in the eighth year of the first year of Yuan Dynasty (813) of Emperor Xianzong of Tang Dynasty, and Yin Ji, the number one scholar of Guijike in the second year of Duangong, Emperor Taizong of the Song Dynasty (989). Chen Yaosou, Chen Yaozi was the champion of Gengzi Branch in the third year of Xianfeng (1000) of Emperor Zhenzong of Song Dynasty, and Feng Juan was the champion of Xinweike in the sixth year of Yuanhu (1091) of Zhezong of Song Dynasty. "Er Yin" is not only Zhuangyuan Street in the city, but also their hometown. Interestingly, Yin Shuzhong was 71 years old when he became the champion. He died of illness nine years later at the age of 80. Yin Shu is the oldest "old scholar" in Sichuan and the country, and the "number one longevity scholar" with the longest life span in Sichuan. "Er Chen" is also the number one brother, and he is also the number one prime minister with "both civil and military skills". Chen Yaosou, with handsome appearance and profound knowledge, "came out of Dian Fangzhou and became a servant. He taught cloth and silk fabrics, cultivated horses and administration, and reduced redundant officials. He was a worthy man." , can remember the history of military horses. Chen Yaozi, "good at shooting, always hitting the mark", was known as "Xiao Youji" and had a political reputation. Yaosou's brother Yaoyou was a poet and calligrapher. "Sanchen" were all famous ministers of the generation, and they were known as "virtuous prime ministers". It is said that Sanchen Street in Langzhong City was named after them.
Sichuan has successively produced four number one prime ministers. In addition to "Er Chen", there are also He Zuo from Renshou and Su Yijian from Zhongjiang. He Zuo was the number one scholar in Yiweike in the fifth year of Zong Zhenghe's reign in the Song Dynasty (1115). He served successively as the secretary of the Zhongshu Sheren, the minister, and the censor Zhongcheng. He was upright and upright throughout his life. On the "six thieves" such as Wang Fu, Cai Jing, Song Mian, and Tong Guan He was treacherous and domineering for fifteen crimes and was demoted from Zhishou Prefecture. After Qinzong succeeded to the throne, he became Minister Zuocheng and Zhongshu Shilang. They tried their best to prevent the cession of territory and opposed peace negotiations with the Jin people. He knew the Kaifeng Prefecture (the mayor of the capital) as a scholar of Zizhengdian, paid homage to Shangshu Youpuse (right prime minister) and the minister of Zhongshu, and asked King Kang (Zhao Gou) to be the marshal of the world's soldiers and horses. The capital was lost. He Zuo was captured by the Jin soldiers and died on hunger strike at the age of only 39. Later generations called him the "loyalty champion". Su Yijian was the champion of Gengchen Branch in the fifth year of Emperor Taizong's Taiping and Xingguo reign (980) at the age of 22. Su Yijian is a young man who is smart, studious, elegant and talented. During the palace examination, he tested more than 3,000 words, and he was able to write and write immediately. Taizong praised him very much and promoted him to the first place in the imperial examination. Yi Jian was fond of drinking, good at talking and laughing, and was famous for his articles. He wrote "Four Records of Illiteracy", "Xuorin Zhi" and 20 volumes of collected works. Unfortunately, he died young at the age of only 39.
Among the Sichuan champions, there are also some poets, scholars, and writers, among whom Yang Shen, the "first talented man of the Ming Dynasty", Zhao Kui, the "Little Dongpo", and Zhang Xiaoxiang, an important writer of the bold school of the Southern Song Dynasty, are the most famous. Yang Shen (Sheng'an), a native of Xindu, was the only number one scholar in Sichuan during the Ming Dynasty. He was the number one scholar in Xin Weike in the sixth year of Emperor Wuzong's Zhengde reign (1511). He was awarded the title of Hanlin Compiler and Compiler, and was promoted to a lecturer in Jingyan during the reign of Emperor Shizong of the Ming Dynasty. Shizong was Wuzong's cousin. Shizong wanted to elect Shengwen Xingxian as King and give him the title of Xingxian Emperor. Yang Shen and others tried hard to dissuade him, but he was demoted and sent to Gaochangwei in Yunnan. He was exiled for 37 years and died in a foreign land at the age of 72. Yang Shen has been alert since he was a child, reciting thousands of words a day. He was able to write poems at the age of 11, and planned to write "Ancient Battle Essays" and "On the Passage of Qin" at the age of 12. He was known as a "child prodigy". After Yang Shen was in exile, he read extensively and wrote many books, including 81 volumes of "Sheng'an Collection", more than 2,300 poems and more than 100 kinds of miscellaneous works, which are popular in the world. "In the Ming Dynasty, Yang Shen was ranked first among the wide range of biographies of memorization and recitation," and he was known as "a giant in the literary world" in history.
Zhao Kui, a native of Ziyang, was the champion of Xin Weike in the 21st year of Shaoxing (1151), Emperor Gaozong of the Song Dynasty. When Zhao Kui was young, he was good at reading, especially ancient books, and studied the rise and fall of the past dynasties. He was good at poetry and prose, and Emperor Gaozong once said that "his writing is like Su Shi", and he was known as "Xiao Dongpo". He was the author of "Qiyun Ji" and so on. Zhang Xiaoxiang, a native of Jianyang, is a rare genius. He has a photographic memory and writes thousands of words. In the 24th year of Shaoxing in the Song Dynasty (1154), after he won the first prize in the Jiaxu examination, he immediately wrote to Zhaoxue Yue Fei, which was tabooed by Qin Hui. When he was appointed Jiankang and stayed behind, he tried his best to sponsor Zhang Jun's Northern Expedition and was impeached and dismissed. Later, he served as the magistrate of Jingnan. He established water conservancy projects, built gold embankments, and built ten thousand surplus warehouses to store grain. He was quite popular in politics. Later, he retreated to Wuhu due to illness and died of heat stroke at the age of 38.
Zhang Xiaoxiang is an important writer of the Bold and Unconstrained School of the Southern Song Dynasty. His poems are bold in meaning, not forgetting recovery, magnificent in scenery, and generous in words of emotion. His works such as "Yuhu Collection" and "Yuhu Ci" have been handed down to the world. In addition, there were Feng Shixing, the number one scholar during the reign of Emperor Huizong of the Song Dynasty and the author of "The Theory of Changes", and Pu Guobao, the number one scholar during the reign of Emperor Ningzong of the Song Dynasty and the author of "Collected Works of Xuyun". They were both natives of Chongqing and were famous talents in Sichuan at that time.
Interestingly, Sichuan also has a "good luck" number one pick - Luo Chengxiang, Sichuan's last number one pick. At that time, the number one scholar was originally determined to be Yu Changlin, but Luo Chengxiang was ranked at the forefront of the second class. There was a sentence in the countermeasures in his volume: "The main thing is to worry about the ministers' labor, and the main thing is to humiliate the ministers to death." At the time of the new setback in the Sino-Japanese Sino-Japanese Sino-Japanese War, Emperor Guangxu was deeply moved by these two lines of eight characters, so he circled the eight characters "The Lord is worried about his ministers' labor, the Lord is the humiliation of his ministers' death" in a red pen, and ranked Luo Chengxiang from the Second Class A to the First Class First Class. Number one scholar.
On the contrary, Su Shi, a great writer in Sichuan, lost the top prize because of "one word". It turns out that after the imperial examination of Xin Chou in the sixth year of Emperor Renzong's reign (1061), the 25-year-old Su Shi wrote an essay "On the Perfection of Honesty in Punishments and Rewards", which was highly praised by the examiner Ouyang Xiu and other examiners. The article proposes that criminal laws and rewards should be based on the perspective of benevolence, based on the basic idea of ??caring for and caring for the people, and adopting strict laws and lenient enforcement methods. More rewards and less punishment can win the support of the people and conscious execution. He also gave an example: "In the time of Yao, when someone was about to kill someone, Gaotao (Minister of Justice) said: 'Three kills (should be killed, should be killed, should have been killed long ago).' Yao said: 'Three pardons (to forgive, If you want to forgive, let’s forgive him). "The article advocates giving priority to education, not killing those who may or may not kill, and killing as little as possible; as for rewards, those who may or may not be rewarded should be rewarded. This will gain the support and support of the people.
After Ouyang Xiu and the examiners discussed it, they decided to select Su Shi as the number one scholar. However, considering that at the Qionglin Banquet (a banquet where the emperor awarded new scholars), the emperor might have asked where the conversation between Tang Yao and Gao Tao came from. How to answer the classic work? If you can't answer it, it will show that the examiner's theory is shallow; if you answer it wrongly, you will be suspected of deceiving the emperor. So Dongpo sent the reviewer Mei Yaochen to find out the source. A generous person, Gao Tao is a serious and upright person. Based on their characters, I imagine they would say that. After hearing this, Mei Yaochen was angry and said: "You are not old, but you are very courageous, too. Not serious anymore. How can you just make it up! "As a result, Su Shi was demoted from the first place in the first class to the second place in the first class.