How many prime ministers are there in Song Taizong?

During his twenty-two years in office, there were nine ministers, including Xue, Shen Lun, Lu Duoxun, Zhao Pu, Song Qi, Zhang Qixian and Lv Duan, among whom Zhao Pu, Liu Yun and Lv Mengzheng served as ministers twice. Xue and Shen Lun are the old faces of Tang Taizong dynasty. Taizong was busy consolidating the throne in the early stage, and retaining them was conducive to eliminating public criticism. However, Emperor Taizong acceded to the throne and added Lu Duoxun as Prime Minister. He helped Emperor Taizong seize the throne, not only to reward him, but also to make him play a key role in the power of prime minister. Xue died after five years in office, and both Shen Lun and Lu Duoxun were in office for six years. Because of their close relationship with Zhao Tingmei, they lived in peace and prospered the country for seven years (982), which finally aroused the suspicion of Emperor Taizong. Later, Emperor Taizong took three measures to strengthen the position of imperial power and prevent the prime minister from monopolizing power. First, control the term of office of the Prime Minister. After the six prime ministers of nine people, it is usually about two years, and the longest is that Liu Yun made his debut for the first time, slightly more than four years. The shortest is the second phase of Lv Mengzheng, only one and a half years. As Wang Fuzhi said, the frequent change of seats was aimed at "shaking his heart, failing to stretch his ambition, failing to settle down, failing to leave his post", which was the Miao Zi that Emperor Taizong maintained dictatorship. Second, the power to cut off language books. In the seventh year of Taiping and Xingguo, he ordered the eldest son and the second son to work in Zhongshu every day, and the next year he called the fifth son to work in Zhongshu on the same day, nominally to familiarize the governors with politics, but actually to send them to supervise the prime minister. Emperor Taizong also cut off the right to know, the right to judge and other officials' appointment, and set up another dispatching hospital to take charge; The torture room, a Chinese language book, was designated as an independent court. Third, institutions contain each other. Emperor Taizong set up three classes in the central government, namely, the Examiners' College and the Examiners' College, and mentioned the affairs of the Privy Council in a letter, so that the institutions overlapped and were not subordinate to each other, which was convenient for the emperor to control. Lu Duoxun was replaced by Zhao Pu, the founding prime minister. Zhao Pu was once again in Emperor Taizong's dynasty. Apart from the old gap with Emperor Taizong, there is no way to stop the slander from political opponents. The legend of "Half-part Analects of Confucius governs the world" seems to be related to this. The book "History of the Song Dynasty" turned to say that he "never put down his book in his later years, and every time he returned to his private parts, he closed the door and took books, so he could read it. And the next day, the execution was like running water. If the family reads it, the Analects of Confucius is twenty. " Zhao Pu is a junior official. He didn't read much in his early years, but he still read only The Analects in his later years, which obviously went against the historical facts. From his recitation, we can see that his assistance to ancient times and his exposition of the present are extensive, which is by no means covered by an Analects of Confucius. In fact, Du Fu said in a poem that "children only learn the Analects of Confucius, and older children end up with merchants", so the world in the Song Dynasty regarded the Analects as a book. Emperor Taizong was ready to use Zhao Pu. Someone spoke ill of him in front of Emperor Taizong, saying that he was a Shandong pedant and could only read The Analects of Confucius. When Emperor Taizong asked Zhao Pu, Zhao Pu said something meaningful: "I really don't know books, so I can only read The Analects. I only used half to help Mao settle the world; Half can be used to assist your majesty! " So Emperor Taizong decided to take photos with him. It can be seen that this statement should come from Zhao Pu's political opponents. Once he fought back, it spread more widely. The purpose of seeing Zhao Pu again by Emperor Taizong was to help him on the issues of the Golden Chamber and Zhao Tingmei, paving the way for the succession of the throne. Zhao Pu sold his soul for the phase, but he didn't gain the absolute trust of Taizong. Zhao Pu's re-appearance, its power, status, and role can not be mentioned in the same breath as that of the Taizu period. The Southern Song Dynasty hit the nail on the head and pointed out: "Taizu has a large scale, so Pu generously assumes the responsibility of the world and dares to act boldly; The scale of Taizong is so troublesome that Pu can't help but be rescued in the dark. " When Zhao Pu was in the photo, Emperor Taizong called the thief bald in front of the monk: "When I was in the official residence, I often heard courtiers use sophistry to replace people; Or send envoys to far away places to reap profits. Is there such a thing in the court now? " In May of the seventh year of Taiping and Xingguo, Zhao Tingmei was dismissed from office and sent to Zhou Fang for resettlement. In July, Emperor Taizong named Wang Wei as his eldest son. Persecution of Mei Ting, the overall situation of the throne to the prince has been set, and the use value of Zhao Pu is almost the same. De Chong, the eldest son of Emperor Taizong, was later renamed Chu Wang and Yuan Zuo. He was very dissatisfied with his father's persecution of his uncle Mei Ting, and he was also very disgusted with Zhao Pu, his accomplice who helped him. Emperor Taizong had to pay attention to the likes and dislikes of the eldest son with Chu Jun status, so a year later, Zhao Pu went to court. At the farewell ceremony, Emperor Taizong presented a poem, and Zhao Pu cried with it, saying that he would bury the carved stone of the poem with his rotting bones in the grave. Judging from Zhao Pu's rhetoric and where you are going, it seems that Emperor Taizong hinted in his poems that Zhao Pu will never be used again. After the "phase", Zhao Pu has been doing the year in other places. In the year of Yongxi's Northern Expedition, he knew the appointment of Dengzhou. In May, just as Song Jun was winning one after another, he went to Ban's book, thinking that the Northern Expedition was "a waste of people and money", criticizing Emperor Taizong for "gloating and murdering people for money" and suggesting that the troops should be transferred as soon as possible to guard against the Khitan going south. Judging from the situation at that time, Zhao Pu's analysis was insightful. Soon, the Northern Expedition failed as expected, and both the ruling and the opposition believed that Ban Shi Shu was a peaceful solution, and Zhao Pu once again became a popular prime minister. In December of the 4th year of Yongxi (987), Zhao Pu entered the DPRK, and when the monarch and his subjects met, they all felt different. In addition, in the first year of Yongxi (984), Yuanzuo heard the news of Timmy's death in Zhou Fang and suddenly went insane. His illness was really caused by Emperor Taizong's persecution of Mei Ting. He was so ill that he could not go to court. The following year, on the Double Ninth Festival, Emperor Taizong called the philosophers to drink. He was not asked to attend, but he set fire to the palace. Emperor Taizong had to abolish the name of Shu Ren and imprison him. Yuan Xi, the second son of Emperor Taizong of Tang Dynasty, succeeded to Kaifeng Prefecture as the magistrate and obtained the status of quasi-crown prince. Yuan Nuo and Yuan Zuo were not born by the same mother. He was worried that the psychological balance of Emperor Taizong would tend to Yuan Zuo again, and he also knew the relationship between Zhao Pu and Yuan Zuo. Then, using Zhao Pu in the DPRK, he suggested that Taizong should reuse Zhao Pu. Emperor Taizong adopted this suggestion, and Liu Yun, the prime minister of Duan AD, was dismissed from office, and Zhao Pu and Lv Mengzheng were appointed as prime ministers at the same time. Emperor Taizong intends to replace Lv Mengzheng with Zhao Pu, but he is not at ease with Zhao Pu. He hit him in the face. "Don't bully others." . Zhao Pu is 67 years old this time. Even if he wanted to, there was nothing he could do. He has been in Chinese school for less than a year, so he asks for leave to recuperate. In July of the following year, there was a comet, which some people claimed was a good omen for destroying Liao. Zhao Pu was ill, so he dismissed him in the comet, which made Taizong give up the idea of attacking Liao. Due to the previous bad blood and the suspicion of Emperor Taizong, Zhao Pu and Emperor Taizong have always been suspicious of each other and have bad feelings. Emperor Taizong can't tolerate a prestigious prime minister, and Zhao Pu has to be swayed by considerations of gain and loss, so he can only hide his strength and protect himself with wealth. Although Tang Taizong entered the phase twice in the dynasty, he really didn't and couldn't make much achievements in politics except persuading Liao twice. Bibi and Taizu met in the stormy days before and after the founding of the People's Republic of China. The late years of the founding prime minister should be filled with emotion. After the death of Zhao Pu in the third year of Chunhua (992), Emperor Taizong made the last sentence: "Zhao Pu, after the first emperor and me, is the oldest, and can break major events. As we all know, we had an unpleasant relationship in the past. I have been treating him well since I acceded to the throne, and he has tried his best to serve himself and his country. He is really a minister of the country! " Among the prime ministers of Emperor Taizong, only Liu Yun's qualification can be compared with Zhao Pu's. He was a scholar in the later Han Dynasty and was highly appreciated by Zhou Shizong. In the Song Dynasty of Zhao, he was the only one who didn't go to appear before the court, so his last official title in Zhao Kuangyin was the same as that of the Zhou Dynasty, just a bachelor of Hanlin. However, when Lu Duoxun ran to Zhao Pu, Mao asked him, and he said, "I'm just an imperial edict. What Zhao Pu has done is beyond my knowledge. " Liu Yun jumped out of the circle of right and wrong and won the favor of Zhao Pu. When Zhao Pu entered the phase for the second time, his participation in politics should be related to Zhao Pu's aid to Korea. In the eighth year of Taiping and Xingguo, Zhao Pu stopped talking, and Liu Yun and Song Qi lived next to each other. Although Song Qi was the prime minister, Liu Yun was more favored by Emperor Taizong. It turned out that Lu Duoxun often spoke ill of him in front of Emperor Taizong, and although he didn't echo Lu Duoxun, he turned to Zhao Pu, but he had a good relationship with Lu. He was told that Dawson had attacked him, but he never believed it and still took it for granted. Later, he did not fall because of Lu Duoxun, but defended him. Mao told him that Lu Duoxun usually slandered you for nothing and didn't know the truth. But more and more, Emperor Taizong thought he was a loyal minister, so after Song Qi was dismissed from office with "good humor and no ministerial demeanor", he was left hanging for more than two years, only comparable to Lv Mengzheng and Lv Duan of Emperor Taizong's dynasty. Li Yun's independence soon led to Yongxi's Northern Expedition. Emperor Taizong and his cronies controlled the decision-making of the Privy Council, so it was impossible for Zhongshu to ask questions, and it was difficult for Liu Yun to make a difference. But in this case, he boldly wrote against the Northern Expedition and even compared Emperor Taizong to Yang Di. When the Northern Expedition failed, Emperor Taizong did not immediately condemn him. In 988 AD, a good cloth named Zhai Mazhou wrote a letter on the drum, saying that Li Yun had no worries about border affairs when he entered the North Exit, and listed female music, poems and drinks, which strongly demanded serious treatment. Emperor Taizong dismissed him and made him a scapegoat for the failure of the Northern Expedition. Liu Yun's successors are Zhao Pu and Lv Mengzheng. Lv Mengzheng was the prime minister of the champion that Taizong wanted to cultivate. At the age of 45, he made a fortune. But when Zhao Pu can still see things, it is not his turn to fully express himself. In the first year of Chunhua, Zhao Pu went on strike because of illness, and Lv Mengzheng fought alone. Just as he was about to show his ambition, he accidentally angered Taizong. This matter concerns the prospective Chu Jun Zhao Yuanxuan. Yuan Nuo's position is increasingly consolidated, and the relationship between Meng Zheng and him is getting closer and closer. Because Yuan Nuo was not made a prince after all, and Emperor Taizong already had nine sons, besides Yuan Yi's early death and Yuan Zuo's mental disorder, Yuan Nuo had at least six competitors. At this time, Judge Song Ling closed the book and requested Taizong Liyuan to be the Crown Prince. Song Ling is Lv Mengzheng's wife, promoted by Meng Zheng. Emperor Taizong has reason to suspect that there is Meng Zheng behind him, which shows that the relationship between Meng Zheng and Yuan Nuo is unusual. When threatening the monarchy, even his own son and even his own champion prime minister can't tolerate it. In the second year of Chunhua, Emperor Taizong dismissed Lv Mengzheng on the grounds of "citing personal connections". In the third year of Chunhua, Yuan Nuo died suddenly at the age of 27, and finally failed to complete his dream of being a prince. However, the problem of the crown prince has always been a heart disease of Emperor Taizong. Lv Mengzheng is the successor of Liu Yun, and Zhang Qixian is also his admirer. Qi Xian was a scholar in the same column as Lv Mengzheng, promoted by Zhao Pu, and the second prime minister among the scholars in Emperor Taizong's reign. As for Liu Yun as prime minister, Emperor Taizong still has the intention of bringing the old with the new. However, Emperor Taizong soon expressed dissatisfaction with them, saying that Liu Yun was in power, happy when he was not in use, and silent after he became prime minister. It is said that Zhang Qixian's fame is greater than his strength. Two years later, they were fired one after another, and Lv Mengzheng entered Zhongshu again and lived alone. Lv Mengzheng has entered this stage this time, and there is no old etiquette to keep him humble. His "clean government" rhetoric made Emperor Taizong feel that there was a good reason to give up sending troops to attack Liao. Because the monarch is congenial, Meng Zheng dares to say and do, which is very different from the first time. On the Lantern Festival in the fifth year of Chunhua, Emperor Taizong hosted a banquet to entertain the recent ministers, boasting about his peaceful scene of "bowing to the mediocre politics and making this place prosperous". Lv Mengzheng was furious and left, saying, "The capital is in the ascendant. I saw miles outside the city, hungry and cold, and many people died. May your majesty look far and near, this is the luck of a lifetime! " Emperor Taizong was silent, and Meng Zheng was poised in the same place. On one occasion, Lv Mengzheng proposed a candidate to be an envoy to Xixia, but Taizong disagreed. A few days later, Meng Zheng still submitted the original list, but Taizong still disagreed. Soon, when asked, he still insisted on his opinion. Emperor Taizong was furious and threw Meng Zheng's script on the ground, asking him to change people. Meng Qian said: "People can do it, but others can't. I dare not waste your wish and delay national affairs! " With that, he picked up the chapter and stepped down with his arms in his arms. Taizong said to people afterwards, "I am not as good as Weng." In the end, the country did its job, and Emperor Taizong felt more loyal and knowledgeable. Meng Zheng was obviously learning from Zhao Pu. He probably hoped that Emperor Taizong would treat him like Zhao Pu. Lv Mengzheng's reunion did show his talent, but the issue of succession to the throne has been puzzling Emperor Taizong, and it seems that it is not the best candidate for Meng Zheng to accept the task of entrusting orphans. In the nearly two years after Yuan Nuo's death, Emperor Taizong never mentioned the matter of building storage, but he was still worried. In the autumn of the fifth year of Chunhua, when Kou Zhun entered the DPRK, Emperor Taizong suddenly asked him, "Who among my scholars can give me an artifact?" Kou Zhun said, "Your Majesty chooses a monarch for the world, and you must not seek for women, eunuchs or courtiers. Only your majesty chooses those who live up to the expectations of the world. " Kou Zhun's words imply that the woman refers to Li Xinyu of Emperor Taizong, and the chamberlain refers to Wang Jien who helped Emperor Taizong succeed to the throne. Emperor Taizong asked Wang Xiang Yuan Kan if he was willing to do it. Kou Zhun said, "It is better to know a son than a father. I decided at once." Emperor Taizong made Yuan Kan a Kaifeng Yin, a quasi-Crown Prince and Kou Zhun a counselor. After the establishment of Chu Jun, Emperor Taizong was very interested in Lv Duan. Someone told Emperor Taizong that Lv Duan was confused. Emperor Taizong said, "Lv Duan is confused about small things, but not about big things." Soon after, Emperor Taizong wrote a poem in the backyard of Qu Yan, saying, "If you want to bait a golden hook, you must ask a fisherman in Panxi", and used Lu Shang's allusions to assist King Wu to show his preference for Lv Duan. Soon, Emperor Taizong announced that China calligraphy must be decided by Lv Duan in the future. With the suspicion of Taizong, this is a rare trust. In August, Emperor Taizong officially established Yuan Kan as the Crown Prince and renamed him Zhao Heng. A pinch of fingers, since the end of the Tang Dynasty, there has been no ceremony of conferring the crown prince for nearly a hundred years. When the scholars in Beijing met the Crown Prince, they all said that they were the masters of the country. When Emperor Taizong heard the news from Li Xinyu, it was the boss's displeasure. First he envied his nephew, then his brother, and now he envied his son. He summoned Kou Zhun and said, "The heart of the four seas belongs to the Prince. Where do you want to put me! " Kou Zhun said generously, "Your Majesty has given the world to the master of the country of his choice. This is a blessing for all ages! " When Li Zhi read Ming History, he couldn't help feeling: "If it weren't for the mediation of Kougong, I knew that there would never be another suicide disaster!" As early as five years of Taiping and Xingguo, Kou Zhun recommended Lv Duan to Emperor Taizong, hoping to use him as soon as possible. Taizong disagreed: "I know this person is someone else's child, who can eat big wine and meat, and nothing else!" " "But later, emperor Taizong completely changed his view of Lv Duan. In the fifth year of Taiping and Xingguo, when Lv Duan was appointed as a judge of Kaifengfu, he was implicated in an unrelated matter. Emperor Taizong was very angry about this and ordered him to put on a big wooden cangue and relocate Shangzhou (now Shangxian County, Shaanxi Province). After the conviction, Kaifeng happened to have some official documents for him to sign. Lv Duan Yiran ordered, "bring them here! Just bring it! Judging things in chains has existed since ancient times. "Emperor Taizong also ordered that you can only walk, not ride a horse. Lv Duan was very fat and walked thousands of miles in a flail. Xue, the prime minister, comforted him and asked him to admit the disaster temporarily. He smiled and said, "This is not a disaster for Lu, but a disaster for Long Ears. "As usual, laughing, humorous. In the third year of Chunhua, after investigating the sudden death of Yin Yuannuo in Kaifeng, Lv Duan was appointed as the judge of Kaifeng, and received examination and counseling together with other subordinate officials. Finally, others cried and asked for a mitigated punishment. Only he claimed that he was "sinful" and begged for external humiliation. In the year of Duan AD, Lv Duan was sent to Korea. Suddenly the wind and waves were so heavy that the rudder broke. The agreement and the people on board were frightened, but he sat firmly in the cabin and studied safely without fear. In the long political career, Lv Duan's steadiness, decisiveness and composure are widely known, and also spread to the ears of Emperor Taizong, thus gaining a high evaluation of "Lv Duan is not confused about major events". Lv Duan didn't live up to the high hopes of Emperor Taizong. Crown Prince Zhao Heng and Zhao Yuanzuo are half-brothers, so is Li Xinyu's son, who is still alive. Empress Li is the daughter of Li Chuyun, a general in the early Song Dynasty, and her younger brother is now the commander-in-chief in front of the temple, in charge of the royal orders of the capital. His own son died long ago, so it should be said that it doesn't matter much to him that any son of Emperor Taizong inherits the throne. In the official history, she said that she was afraid that Zhao Heng was "wise" and difficult to control, but that Yuanzuo was sick and easy to control might not be completely credible. Another record says that she loves Yuanzuo and raised his son in the palace, which seems reasonable. Perhaps for the same reason, when Zhao Hengli became a prince, she alienated their father and son in front of Taizong, which made Taizong feel suspicious. After the death of Emperor Taizong, Li Xinyu formed an alliance with Wang Jien, counselor Li Changling and academician Hu Dan to support Zhao Yuanzuo. Wang Jien was persuaded by the Jianghu scribe Pan Lang this time. In his early years, Pan Lang had planned to set up Zhao Tingmei for Prime Minister Lu Duoxun, which was pursued by the imperial court for a long time. Wang Jien was pardoned for pleading with Taizong. He said to Wang Jien, "If you support the prince, you won't make any contribution. If you help Zhao Yuanzuo, you will help the abandoned people to ascend to the throne, and its contribution is enormous. "Pan Lang seems to be a chivalrous man who sympathizes with those who are deprived of their due rights, but it is obviously unreasonable to support a mental patient. In March of the third year of Daoism, shortly before the death of Emperor Taizong, Lv Duan visited the Forbidden City. Seeing that he was not in the palace, he first wrote the word "Da gradually" on the water board, and secretly sent his cronies to inform him to enter the palace immediately. On the day when Emperor Taizong gave up, Li Xinyu asked Wang Jien to call Lv Duan in Zhongshu. Lv Duan knew that Wang Jien was going to do the same thing again, so he tricked him into going to the imperial court to get the imperial edict of Taizong, locked him in, and let people watch him, and immediately entered the palace. Li said to him, "What do you think of the emperor's death? Lv Duan retorted, "Qin Shihuang established the Prince for today. I don't want to disagree! " Because Wang Jien was not present, Li Xinyu didn't know how to deal with it, so she kept silent. Lv Duan acceded to the throne in the name of the Crown Prince. At the ceremony, the prince hung up the curtain and called the ministers. His Highness Li Duan cannot bow down to the monarch and his subjects. Please roll up the curtains to see him. He personally went to the temple to have a look. When he saw that it was really a prince, he went down to the next level to meet his minister. Long live, Shinjong finally ascended the throne smoothly.