Introduction
Photography book and the name of physiognomy. Later generations relied on the legendary Taoist priest to make it.
Physiognomy is the art of predicting fortune, misfortune, wealth, wealth, longevity, etc. based on a person’s face, facial features, bones, complexion, body posture, and hand lines. The full name of "Ma Yi Xiangfa" is "The Complete Collection of Ma Yi Xiangfa". It is said that it was written by Ma Yi Taoist, the master of Chen Bo, a great physiognomist in the early Song Dynasty. There are many physiognomy books after the Song Dynasty, such as "Liuzhuang Xiangfa", "Xiangfa Complete Collection", "Shui Jing Ji", "Xiangli Hengzhen", etc. There are countless, but the one with the greatest influence is "Ma Yi Xiangfa".
Ming Shencai's "Return Note: All the Friends Come to See Me": "I wear a square scarf on my head and a sash around my waist, and I am proud; I look proud in my linen clothes, and I am unique and mysterious."
Lao She's "Lao Zhang's Philosophy" No. 1: "A red face, slightly dotted with a few black moles, according to the "Ma Yi Xiangfa", indicates that he is versatile." Also pronounced as "Ma Yi" and "Ma Yi" Mutually".
Qing Huang Zunxian's "Fan Ke Pian": "Xiangfa pushed "Ma Yi" and the life version "Quulu"."
Shen Congwen's "Advisor": "Also talked about "Ma Yi" ", "Liu Zhuang" Phrase Method. ""Chinese Proverbs Materials": "Learn the physiognomy of linens and dare to measure people." break. Red threads twining around the eyes are a source of disaster. The appearance of triangular eyes is conspiratorial and sinister. Yingge has a mouth and nose, is cunning and greedy. If the lips are raised and the teeth are protruding, the life will be shortened. If the mouth is contracted and the mouth is protruding, the person will be lonely and poor. A person with a big mouth and thin lips who likes to talk right and wrong. If there is a crow in the palm of your hand, you may attract people who will punish you. The movement is as light and thin as the flames of fire, and the eyes are slanted and exposed, showing shamelessness and lewdness. If you always shake your knees while sitting, it will be difficult to gather wealth. A sinkhole in the back, from wealth to poverty. The whole body shakes when walking, a prodigal. To sneer at others is ruthless and righteous. His eyes see things like needles, which means he is stealing if he is not committing adultery. His eyes are as bright as drunkenness, this person is either a thief or a prostitute. Among the first-line people, they died without children. Drooling of mouth and mouth, lack of food and cold. If the hairline presses against the eyes, it will not only cause injury but also cause stagnation. The eyebrows are locked, even if there is no harm, they are still greedy. The boy has gray hair and his parents were sentenced to death early. If a strong man has cold eyebrows, his children will be in trouble. The voice is rough, mean and evil, the hair is short, messy and lonely. With downcast eyes and cold eyebrows, I am afraid of others. A child with a yellow beard and red hair is an unfilial child. The eyes are protruding, the eyebrows are cold, the nature is greedy and stagnant. The tip of the cheek is hunched, the ears are twitching, and the heart is untrustworthy and perverse. If the aperture is exposed in the well stove, you will be trapped and defeated in middle age. A sharp and slanted forehead indicates poverty at a young age. The sneer is ruthless and the secret is unpredictable. Talkative and eager to win will bring disaster. How do you know that a gentleman is in trouble? In spring and summer, there is dizziness on the forehead. How do you know that people are gradually becoming prosperous? The cheeks are like red and the eyes are like stars. How do you know that white clothes are replaced by green robes? Tiancang is plump and blessed. How do you know that people don’t have children? Sanyang's dark hair is like black coal. How do you know that two brothers are lucky? The roots of the mountain are as high as the eyebrows. How do you know that people are attacking the house? The sky is as black as millet. How do you know that the master will find relief early? The fortune hall is plump and energetic. How do you know that other people's wives and concubines are promiscuous? The traitor's eyebrows are as dark as gold. How did you know someone was injured by fire? There are several red veins on the brows. How do you know that people's homes are often burglarized? But looking at the two mountains, they are as black as smoke. How do you know that children are often frightened? The roots of the mountain are evergreen. How did you know that someone else’s children were affected by the disaster? The three yangs are as dark as bituminous coal. How do you know that people hoard wealth? The purple color of the armor chamber is often piled up. How do you know that being an official means excelling in one fell swoop? Unspoken words smile. How did you know that people behead their wives? It must be that the root of the mountain is young. How do you know that officials can defeat the master? The nose curve is broken and has many lines. How do you know that people are filial to their parents? At present, there are white powder marks on the mourning gate. How do you know that your life span is eighty-two? The laws on both sides are low. How do you know there is a noble person in your family? The two stars of water and soil are fat and bright. How did you know that your wife changed twice? The eyebrows are droopy and set into the eyes. How do you know that his life will not last long? Look at his feminine voice. How do you know that you remarried twice? A woman's voice is her husband's voice. How do you know that people often suffer from illness? In the old age, gold and wood produce sunspots. How do you know that ninety years old will last forever? The old man looks fat in the evening scene. How do you know that he has no brothers? Short eyebrows and cross-eyebrows are both disadvantageous. How do you know that he is often a bandit? Yuebo's nose is pointed and small. How do you know that you will never have children? The three yang sunken colors are like fat. How do you know that life is about taking poison? The soil is damaged and sunspots are evil. How do you know that there is danger in human life? Long legs and wasp waist are always the same. How do you know that the owner is starving to death? This is the case with the vertical entrance. How did you know that your parents were already dead? His upper lip looks like it was cut off. How do you know that you are dilapidated and lonely? Look at his feet like rods. How do you know that men are sentenced to solitary punishment? The throat is shaped like a heron. How do you know that you are in trouble when you are young? But look at Bitoujingzaolu. How do you know that a woman is determined to leave her husband? What's more, the forehead goes into the temples. How do you know that your parents and brothers are different? The size of the ears and eyes is high or low. How do you know that there will be many disasters in the last years of the Lord? But there is nothing obvious about the person. How do you know that punishing your wife does not harm your son? The fish tail is dry and the cheekbones are exposed. How do you know that officials are distinguished by their articles? Beautiful eyebrows, clear eyes, good seal. How did you know that Yama is about to give birth? He looked red now. How do you know that there will be disasters in prison? But there are diagonal lines between the eyebrows. How do you know that this person has been married twice or three times? But look at how many lines the traitor has. How did you know that you would defeat your wife and children soon? But he looks pale and has eyebrows. How do you know that this person can defeat your father and mother? But my eyebrows look thicker and more yellow. How do you know how to break Zuke's wife? The face is like peach blossoms and the eyes are like water. How did you know that Lang Dang was defeated in the last years? Let's see if he decides not to. How do you know that patients will not be spared when they come? His eyes looked dark and burnt. How do you know that people often use words? Look at how fiery his face is. How do you know that your life will be rich and prosperous? The Yintang is wide and straight and has no lines. How do you know how prosperous life is? This person has a lucky star in heaven. How do you know that a gentleman is prosperous? There is a yellow light on the accurate head seal. How do you know that people are getting poorer? The face is like water washing away dust from the ears. How do you know that being an official means not receiving salary? Stretch your neck and shrink your head when sitting. How do you know that strange people often come here? Hazy black circles around the lips and cheeks. How do you know that two brothers are evil? The mountain roots are broken and the eyebrows are not plump. How do you know that he is not up to the mark? The red veins in his eyes are like threads. How do you know that people change wives frequently? The eyebrows are tied to kill the lower body. How do you know that life is not about gathering wealth? But the imperial decree broke the Lantai. How do you know that a younger brother kills an older brother? The roots of the mountain are often dark and unclear.
How do you know if you have a daughter or not a son? The eyebrows look down at both ends. How do you know that someone’s wife is suffering from evil? The treacherous family is dark and disgraceful. How do you know that people have prosperous bamboo forests? The color of the mountain roots is yellow all around. How do you know that being an official brings disaster? When sitting, the eyebrows are raised and the mouth is often sighed. How do you know that protruding eyes kill people? But it looks like the two teeth are falling apart. How do you know that people behead their husbands? The left neck is hypertrophic and the right neck is dry. How do you know that monks are famous? It must be ancient and divine. How do you know that your life span is ninety-six? The sky is high and the spirit is full. How do you know he is forty-five? Look at his face. How do you know that you love bows and swords and guns? The face is red and the veins are long. How do you know there is an article in your heart? But look carefully at your teeth and square lips. How do you know that many of its people kill people? There are red veins running through the eyes. How do you know wealth and prosperity? The head is round, the nose is straight and the face is square. How did you know that your parents were already dead? But look at the yellow hair and forehead corners. How do you know that this person is destined to make money? Look at the five mountains clearly. How do you know that a broken house is not in order? The dough is smooth and paper-thin. How do you know that being an official will not lead to promotion? When sitting down, I often frown. How did you know that someone was robbed? The eyebrows are wrinkled. How do you know that life and death are violent? Young people have sunspots on their lips. How do you know that his heart is crooked? Leopard has missing teeth and a yellow face. How do you know that he is in charge of water disasters? Look at the dark spots between his eyebrows. How do you know that a woman can be a Dingfu? Big eyes, high eyebrows, thick cheekbones. How do you know that his master is in great trouble? Burnt ears and red eyes are a disaster. How do you know that brothers are abandoning each other? The eyebrows are raised and often meet each other. How did you know that Pozu left his hometown again? The three tips and three exposures are a disaster. How do you know that there is no ethics in doing things? Look at his long and sparse eyebrows. How do you know that punishment will overcome the problem and lead to suspicion? The sideburns grow from the mouth to the cheekbones. How do you know the woman is your aunt? Look at his pair of pretty hooves. How do you know that Pozu's troubles invaded? The forehead tip is deep behind the nape. How do you know that it is easy for a wife to give birth? Place your children in the Yin and Yang positions. How do you know that your master died in a foreign land? Look at his brows. Was Yi Wen once imprisoned? Erwen was imprisoned for the second time. One tattoo will definitely defeat one wife? Er Wen married twice. What if it looks white now? The right can restrain his wife and the left can restrain his son. How do you know your wife is worth a thousand pieces of gold? But looking at the tears now. How do you know that your daughter is lonely and promiscuous? Listen to his cocky sound. How do you know that the Lord has a beautiful wife? Look at his long and thin eyes. How do you know that you don’t read books and scriptures? He looked like the sound of a bluefly. How do you know that he has harmed his first wife? The dough is smooth and powdery. How do you know how much money you will lose in your life? Tub warehouses are all framed. How do you know that his master died on the road? His face was as white as mud. China is an ancient civilization with a long cultural tradition of five thousand years. As a wonderful flower in the glorious historical civilization, physiognomy also has a long history.
As early as the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period, the art of physiognomy had already appeared, and it is recorded in books such as "Zuo Zhuan". These records prove that my country's physiognomy began to develop during the Spring and Autumn Period. At this time, physiognomy was the most advanced. Basic human looks, sounds, and complexions.
During the Warring States Period, physiognomy also joined the contention of a hundred schools of thought and achieved further development. There is a famous story: The fortune teller Lu Gong saw Liu Bang's queen and said: "...there are many fortune-tellers, and there is no one who can enter Ji (Liu Bang's word) to look after him. I hope Ji will love himself." He betrothed his daughter to Liu Bang (later Empress Lu) ). Liu Bang lived up to his expectations and eventually became the founding monarch.
During the late Han Dynasty and the Three Kingdoms period, medicine developed greatly, and a generation of famous doctors such as Hua Tuo appeared. Physiognomy has also made a great leap forward, from simply observing shapes to judging good or bad luck by looking at complexion. Compared with doctors diagnosing patients' diseases through complexion, it's just a different perspective.
There were many physiognomy techniques during the Sui and Tang Dynasties. The most famous one at that time was Yuan Tiangang and his "Yuan Tiangang Xiangshu". At this time, physiognomy had expanded from facial physiognomy to various parts of the body.
The Song and Yuan Dynasties were the heyday of the development of physiognomy in my country, and it was at this time that "Ma Yi Physiology" appeared. It is a conclusive and epoch-making work in the history of physiognomy. It collects the culmination of the physiognomy of previous generations, systematically expounds and develops it theoretically, and finally establishes the theoretical system of physiognomy. "Yuanliuzhuang Shenxiang" in the Ming and Qing Dynasties He also learned from Mai Xiangfa. ——Master Xu Mozhai believes that the linen method is an important part of traditional Chinese culture and has had a wide impact on ancient Chinese politics, military, culture, and science and technology. Behind every important historical figure or every major historical fact, there is often the shadow of physiognomy or physiognomy. It can be said that the study of physiognomy is indispensable and has important academic significance for a complete understanding and mastery of traditional Chinese culture and a comprehensive study of history and culture.
——Wang Chong, a famous philosopher in the Eastern Han Dynasty, pointed out in "On the Balance of Bones": "People say that life is difficult to know. Life is very easy to know. What is the use of knowing it? Use the bones. Human life is endowed with it. Heaven has its expressions in Heaven.”
——Wang Chong said that a person’s destiny is determined by Heaven, and whatever God’s will is, it will definitely be reflected in the body. Just by looking at the appearance of the skeleton, one can know the fate of the person. According to the scriptures, the Yellow Emperor was as majestic as a dragon, Zhuanxu's forehead was as broad as a shield, Emperor Ku's teeth were in pieces, Emperor Yao's eyebrows were of eight colors, and Emperor Shun's eyes were Double pupils, Dayu's ears had three big holes, Chengtang's arm had two elbows, King Wen of Zhou had four breasts, King Wu could see the sky without raising his head, Duke Zhou's back was curved, Gao Tao's The mouth is shaped like a horse's mouth, and the middle of Confucius' head is sunken. The characteristics of these twelve saints described by Wang Chong are the fulfillment of heaven.