Which Chinese character is the most complicated?

Read biang, two sounds.

"A little poke at heaven, the Yellow River bends at both ends. The eight-character mouth is wide open and the official goes up. You twist it, I twist it, it's 6.6. The one on the left is long, the one on the right is long, and there is a horse king in the middle. At the bottom of my heart, next to the moon, hang hemp candy with hooks. Push the car to Xianyang. " This is a popular ballad in Guanzhong, Shaanxi Province. It is written in one word, which is a snack name known to all ages-Biang, BiangBiang noodles. This is a word that is not recorded in the dictionary or in the font, but as a unique Chinese character in Shaanxi, its melody has been sung for a long time; This is a handmade noodles, as wide as a belt. It is more than two feet long. It is mixed with all kinds of minced meat and spicy oil. It's delicious and attractive. Women and children in Guanzhong rural areas are well known. Everyone can do it, and everyone likes it.

Grass-roots forum talks about things around villagers

On June 22nd, 10, a series of activities "Talking about An", a rural lecture hall jointly organized by An Mass Art Museum, An Intangible Cultural Heritage Protection Center, Huxian Cultural Center and Kang Wang Nakamura, Dawang Town, Huxian County, went into Kangwang Village, Anhu County with a long history, gave a lecture on "Talking about BiangBiang Mian in Guanzhong", ate Biang Mian and tasted BiangBiang calligraphy. Watching BiangBiang paper-cuts, singing BiangBiang ballads, appreciating BiangBiang clay sculptures and telling BiangBiang stories ... A series of colorful folk activities presented a BiangBiang cultural feast for the villagers and listeners who came to participate.

As Wang Zhi, deputy director of the center for the protection of amphetamine heritage and one of the planners of the forum, said, the word Biang can be said to be the most cultural symbol and cultural totem with Guanzhong folk characteristics. Biang is a Chinese character created by Guanzhong people. Its pronunciation is unique, and its writing is the most complicated among Chinese characters. It is said that there are at least 10 writing methods, with at least 54 paintings and at most 7 1 paintings. Different writing methods also have ballads to help people remember and pass on from generation to generation.

So, what Chinese character is this? What kind of cultural information does it contain?

The interpretation of the word Biang is mostly related to Zhou and Qin Dynasties.

Before the lecture, a villager in Kangwang Village pushed up a unicycle with a dog's back in the middle. Locals call it "dog-backed car". He simulated the rickshaw pullers selling noodles on the ancient road of Qin Line in the early years, and the straw hat, twist, bamboo basket and grain bag on the unicycle were all sung in ballads. It is said that Kangwang Village was once the most prosperous suburb of the capital of Zhou Dynasty, and its origin was directly related to Zhou Kangwang under the rule of Cheng Kang, where Zhou Kangwang once lived. From here to the west, there is an ancient road leading to the birthplace of the Zhou Dynasty, abundant and abundant, with a steady stream of materials and grain. The coachman pushes the unicycle on the road year after year, and gradually has a unique coachman ballad.

"Wheelbarrow Props" opened the chatterbox of the guest speaker Jin, director of Shaanxi civil society. After his visit and research, the origin of the word Biang is like the shape of a unicycle. "Touching the sky a little" refers to the straw hat selling flour, "leaving a hook to hang sesame candy" refers to the twist hanging by the car, "twisting east and west" refers to the driver's cart twisting left and right when walking to keep the balance of the unicycle, and "one on the left and one on the right" refers to the long face bag beside the car. Folk songs can be said to highly summarize the modeling and hardships of ancient drivers. The word "horse" and the word "hole" in the prefix of "horse king" represent men and women respectively. Jin thinks "Song of Biang" is a "happy ballad", and the word itself is an onomatopoeic word, which is the sound made in people's mouths when they are hungry and can't help eating noodles, and it also implies things about men and women. A-bian wrote all the flavors of life, including food and color, and expressed the simplest and most primitive pursuit of life by working people.

Calligrapher Li Zhihua has another explanation. In his calligraphy and ballads written by Biang, "hole" means "a mouse jumps on the box and two mice look down". Biang's right side is not next to the vertical knife, but replaced by the word ge. He said, "How can hemp candy (twist) be hung on the knife? Only on' Ge' can you hook up! " A researcher in Xianyang City believes that Biang is the "military song" of Qin Shihuang's army, to show that the tiger and wolf division can recruit good soldiers. Another point of view is that Biang is an order to recruit talents from Qin State, which is intended to show that people from the six countries will cross the Yellow River and return to Qin State, speak freely, make suggestions and jointly govern Qin State.

The interpretation of the meaning of the word Biang also attracted the participation of the German sinologist Mi Wudou, whose Chinese name is Mi Wudou. He loves China culture and has lived, studied and worked in Shaanxi for many years. As a native of A Qin, he likes to be a singer in A Qin. On that day, he not only showed the shape of BiangBiang face in front of many media and audiences, but also put forward his own views on the rostrum. He believes that the seemingly complicated Biang is actually based on the laws of Chinese characters, with changes in the middle, which is the foundation.

Why is the word Biang pronounced Biang?

Why do you want to pronounce Biang in such a complicated Chinese character? There are at least six kinds of folk sayings. Wang Zhi said that most of these statements are based on simulated sounds: noodles will make BiangBiang sound on the board during rolling; In the process of taking out, seasoning and stirring, BiangBiang sound; When the face is at the entrance, the mouth will make a sound like BiangBiang.

Fu, a professor at Shaanxi Normal University, recently wrote that the word Biang is pronounced more accurately because it is the sound made by women hitting wet clothes with wooden sticks when washing clothes. BiangBiang noodles were originally made in this way: Qin people mixed noodles with salt water, put the dough on a stone or chopping board and beat it with a wooden stick until the dough was smooth and even, then rolled it into a large piece with a rolling pin, cut it into a strip width and put it into a boiling pot. This loud and powerful "biang-biang-" voice also became the origin of the name "Biang-Biang-noodles".

Fu believes that Biang is composed of 10 cultural elements, which conveys the unique cultural information of Qin people, such as geographical environment, lifestyle, eating habits, aesthetic taste, psychological character and national spirit. The part of "cave" shows that Qin people mainly lived in caves in ancient times, centered on the Weihe River basin in the middle and upper reaches of the Yellow River. The word "salt" here is actually "salt", which is the measure of civilization, the ancestor of various flavors and the main seasoning in Qin people's diet. Salt water and flour are needed to smooth gluten; The words "Zi" and "Taste" fully reflect the actions of Qin people in the process of making BiangBiang noodles and the pleasant modality after tasting. The word "heart" conveys the loyalty, simplicity, simplicity and enthusiasm of Qin people; The word "moon" on the left means "meat", and the tough and strong Qin people like to eat beef and mutton, which reflects the eating habits of the Qin people as "the teacher of tigers and wolves"; The words "Ma" and "Ge" reflect the martial spirit and brave spirit of Qin people. The legend about "King Ma" refers to the story that General Qin returned to China after defeating Zhao She's descendant "Father Ma" in Leitian. "Pushing a cart around Xianyang" actually means that the word originated in Qin land with Xianyang as the center.

Why is the word Biang artificial?

The origin of Biang fonts is also different versions.

The word Biang in folklore was coined by an unknown scholar, and there is no way to verify the time. It is said that a poor scholar hurried to Xianyang at that time, passed by a noodle restaurant, was hungry, heard the sound of "Biang—Biang—-"inside, and strolled in. I saw red, yellow, green and white, delicious pants and wide noodles, and I really had an appetite. The scholar asked for a bowl of noodles and wolfed it down. When he checked out, he touched his pocket, and the bag was empty, so he couldn't pay the bill, so he had to ask the store to change it to a book. According to the pronunciation of the store's "BiangBiang noodles", the scholar was moved by this scene. When he was injured, he thought a little, and wrote a song while writing: "A little bit flies to the sky, and both sides of the Yellow River bend;" The eight-character mouth is wide open, the words go in and twist left and right; The west is long, the east is long, and there is a horse king in the middle; At the bottom of my heart, beside the moon, leave a hook to hang hemp sugar; Push the car to Xianyang. " In a word, it is written about the geography of mountains and rivers, and the world is cold. Since then, "BiangBiang noodles" have become famous all over Guanzhong.

There is also a saying that the formation of the word "Biang" began with Qin Shihuang. Legend has it that Qin Shihuang was tired of eating delicacies. At that time, he had internal troubles and foreign invasion, and he had no appetite. A eunuch used his quick wits to come back from the street and bought a bowl of civilian snacks. Unexpectedly, Qin Shihuang swallowed it in one gulp, and his appetite was wide open. After eating, he was surprised and praised: what is this? Better than delicacies. Eunuch: BiangBiang noodles. The first emperor thought that since it became a "royal" food, it could no longer be so easy for civilians to eat, so he gave it a complicated name, deliberately making it difficult for civilians to write this word.

All kinds of folklore and collateral meetings can't be verified. But what is certain is that Biang is a cultural word, which has been circulated for thousands of years and preserved the cultural memory of local people. In a word, a kind of pasta is an enduring ballad, lively, writing, eating and singing colorful folk customs in Guanzhong, Shaanxi. It is not only the favorite pasta of Qin people, but more importantly, it bears the spirit and character of Qin people and becomes a cultural gene and cultural composition that local people can't give up.

Wang, the event planner and curator of Anqun Art Museum, said: "In fact, every village in Guanzhong has an ancient history, an ancient cultural memory and a unique regional culture. These cultures are hidden in scattered cultural relics and historical sites, and even more hidden in the lives of ordinary people. The grassroots forum is trying to use this new mode of going to the countryside to awaken the cultural consciousness of ordinary people. "