Boiling is mainly to put towels, clothes and other items with bacteria into boiling water, then soak them for a period of time, and use high temperature to kill the bacteria on the surface of the items, except spores, which generally kill other bacteria. If there are few bacteria on the article, you can put the article in a place where the sun can shine, and use the ultraviolet rays emitted by the sun to kill the bacteria on the surface of the article. If there are many bacteria, they can also be killed by machines that emit ultraviolet light.
You can also use alcohol to clean bacteria. Alcohol can usually penetrate the cell wall of bacteria, causing protein in bacteria to denature and die, thus achieving the effect of disinfection and sterilization, which is not only effective for articles, but also has a certain effect on body surface skin.
Morphological structure of common bacteria
Coccus: Coccus is a spherical or elliptical bacterium with a diameter of 0.5- 1 micron, including monococcus, diplococcus, streptococcus and tetracoccus.
Bacillus: Rod-shaped bacteria are called bacilli, which are often short or rod-shaped bacteria with similar length and width, such as Brevibacterium methanogenes. Rod-shaped or long rod-shaped bacteria with great difference in length and width, such as Bacillus subtilis and Clostridium. According to the arrangement of Bacillus cells, there are pairs of Bifidobacterium and Streptococcus, and there are many kinds, such as grating, figure-eight, filament wrapped together by sheath and so on.
Spiral: Spiral bacteria are called spirillus, which are generally 5-50 microns long and 0.5-5 microns wide. According to the curvature of bacteria, it can be divided into Vibrio and Spirillum.