This is about monsters. If you want to understand Japanese monsters, I suggest you read "Kaidan" by Yakumo Koizumi.
Bone Girl
Being insulted and bullied when she was alive , ravaged woman, died in anger, turned into a ghost and demanded life from people. Because there was only a pile of bones left, it would disguise itself with human skin. In China, it is called Painted Skin Ghost (from "Strange Stories from a Chinese Studio"). What it takes revenge on Most of the subjects are men, and most of them are people with bad character. There are relatively detailed records in "Hyakki Night Parade", so Japanese folklorists generally use it as research subjects.
Although he has died long ago, he still has a certain obsession with this world. Although his body has long since decayed, his soul is attached to the bones; with that obsession, he drives his bones to re-enter the world. A female ghost who returned to this world to fulfill her wish.
Slowly this obsession has become special, and what is circulated is the most difficult to resolve emotion in the world; attachment and infatuation for the living lover support the bones of the deceased When he comes back to meet his lover with his soul, what appears in front of his lover is still his appearance and voice when he was alive, but in the eyes of the people around him, he is a man holding a pair of decayed bones and crying bitterly...
Seen in "Meiji Yoki" is about the resentment of some infatuated women. Because they were infatuated with others but could not be with their beloved, they committed suicide by jumping into the water from the bridge. If a man crosses the bridge at night, he will appear and lead him to If a woman drowns in the water and crosses the bridge, she will be forcibly pulled into the water. It is said that women in Japan cannot commit suicide easily and can only commit suicide by jumping into the river, so this kind of monster is called a relatively pitiful monster.
The Japanese word "Hashihime", in addition to specifically referring to the bridgehead goddess, is also used to refer to the private women standing by the bridge and the "teahouse" located near the bridge during the Edo period. private*.
(I searched a lot of places, but * didn’t show up. I guess it’s a rather evil word.
Touman
See it in "Hundred Ghosts at Night", in fact This is a human being, but because he is possessed by a monster, his head will fly away from the body when sleeping, and he will scare people everywhere for fun. The possessed monster is called Xiaohao, which is the soul of a bird. It usually possesses people who like to kill birds and beasts. For people who eat birds and beasts, the person possessed by him will turn into withered bones within 7 days. This is also retribution!
Hitouban, the legendary long-necked monster, or It is the "Rokurokubi" (rokurokubi), which originated from Qian Bao's "Sou Shen Ji", which is a famous anecdotal record of China's Jin Dynasty. The "Luotou clan" mentioned in it is a long-necked monster. It looks no different from ordinary people, but at night, when everyone falls asleep, the monster's neck begins to stretch, even longer than a giraffe's neck, and then the head is completely separated from the body from the neck. Someone once said I saw with my own eyes that of a person who was sleeping peacefully on the bed with her body still covered by a quilt, but her head was connected to her neck and flew away from the window in a flash. She did not return to her original body until the rooster crows. At this time, her head and body would Reunited and acted like a normal person after waking up. I often don't remember what I saw or what I did the night before? When the long-necked monster takes the form of a human, some people don't know that they are. The long-necked monster is driven in an unconscious state. When flying, the long-necked monster eats insects and uses its ears instead of wings. The above information is taken from "Fantasy Animals" (New Era Society)
Legend has it that long-necked monsters take the form of women. With their necks stretched out, they can wander around at night without being restrained. They can also go to the residence of the man they like, get into his bedroom, and watch him sleep. . There are two types of long-necked monsters, one that can wander and fly freely according to one's own thoughts, and the other that cannot control where it is and floats unconsciously. < /p>
Long-necked monsters that can wander with their own thoughts are said to suck human blood and kill each other. They can even gather in groups of five and act as a group. This may be quite scary! It is said that because the head and body of this monster are often separated, and a red thread is wrapped around the neck, there is a saying that "you must not marry a woman who sees a red thread wrapped around her neck" because she is worried that she may It's a long-necked monster.
As for the long-necked monster floating in an unconscious state, if the head can return to its body smoothly in the morning, it will be fine. Otherwise, if the head cannot return, then this long-necked monster will be fine. The monster will die and never wake up.
In addition, some people classify long-necked monsters into two types: "the neck will stretch out at night" and "the neck will fly out after stretching". The long-necked yokai whose necks can stretch out but cannot fly out are generally called "windlassou". They are like the windlass used when drawing water from a well, and their heads can be extended and retracted freely. The kind that stretches its neck and flies to other places and comes back in the morning is the long-necked monster described earlier, and is generally called a "flying man". The biggest similarity between the two is that they usually live like ordinary people, but at night they turn into monsters and appear.
The long-necked monster with its head separated from the body and flying in the sky is said to have suffered from a rare disease or inherited a special physique. Is there really such a creature? Such a strange nation? There are different opinions from various parties, and there is still no conclusion yet.
Strangely, monsters with the same characteristics are not only found in Japan, but also in other countries, such as mainland China, South America, and Poland. There are also documented monsters with heads that can fly in the air. It can be seen that the long-necked monster seems to exist in this world for real.
How to identify the long-necked monster in reality? It's very simple, because during the day, although the long-necked monster looks like an ordinary person, "a thin slit will appear around her neck" like a mark left by a knife, although it is not obvious. But you can still see it if you look carefully. In addition, if you see the long-necked monster's head flying out at night, don't panic. The way to deal with it is to swap the positions of her head and feet and cover it with a quilt. In this way, the long-necked monster cannot return to its original body. Certain death! (This is the most common theory); some people say that they have seen "when the head is separated from the body, there will be a drop of blood stained on it next to the cut cross section of this part of the body, which is used by the long-necked monster." Mark so that it can return to one's own body. If this drop of blood is wiped away, the long-necked monster will not be able to find its own body and wander around until it expires." (Unknown source). Anyway, as long as the body is gone. If it cannot come back, the long-necked monster will not be able to continue to live, and it will not come out to cause trouble.
In "The Collection of Edo Ghost Stories", there is an article by Zeng Luli that mentions the "soul-leaving disease". There was a man who served as a guard in Dewa Country. One night, his wife suddenly left the boudoir and walked to the toilet. After a while, he saw his wife opening the door and walking out. At this time, the wife who had walked into the toilet earlier came from Came in outside the door and went to bed again. At this time, something strange happened. The door where the wife just walked out suddenly heard a woman's voice. If you listen carefully, it was not the familiar voice of your wife. Then another wife who looked exactly the same came from outside the door. Walking in, it was great now. The two people in front of him were his wives. The man was very shocked and wondered what was going on. So he called the two of them to another room and checked them all night long. No flaws could be found at all, and the man thought to himself: One of them must be a monster disguised as a troublemaker, hehe~ I am not that easily fooled!
Feitou Man Shao stuck a word...)
The next morning, he found his neighbors to help with the identification. No matter how hard everyone tried, they couldn't find any flaws. , just like clones, the characteristics of the two people are exactly the same, whether it is the expressions when speaking, the manners and manners, they are made from the same mold. Later, a man pointed at one of them and said, "This one looks a little strange." So the man drew his samurai sword and cut off her head on the spot. As a result, the dead wife did not have any changes on her body. The original form of the monster has not been restored, and it still maintains the same appearance as before. "This is strange. Is the other one the real monster?" The man was already a little insane. He picked up the knife in his hand and chopped off the other wife's head. The result was still the same. , there is no change on her body, which proves that she is completely human, now it’s better! The man killed two wives in succession. Neighbors and onlookers were dumbfounded, but they soon helped to deal with the aftermath and buried the two women. After a few days, their bodies still showed no change. The man really There was nothing he could do, and he felt very regretful. Later, someone told him that his wife might have suffered from a strange disease, which was "soul-leaving disease."
A kind of evil magic in Nanyang is very similar to the story of the flying head man, that is the "flying head descending" in the head-lowering technique. Here it is for everyone to compare -
< p>In the head-dropping technique, "flying drop" is a more advanced spell than "medicine drop". The types of flying drop include "mirror drop", "glass drop", and "animal drop (snake, bat, centipede, etc.) )", "Flying head drop" and more than ten kinds, among which "Flying head drop" is the most powerful. The difference between Luo Fei Liang and Luo Yao Liang is that Fei Liang only needs to take anything from the opponent, such as clothes, shoes, socks, accessories, or birthdays to cast the spell. You can even talk to Luo Tou and take the things he gives (reminder Everyone: When traveling to "Singapore, Malaysia and Thailand", you must not be greedy for petty gains and casually accept souvenirs of unknown origin), and you will unknowingly fall into the trap of lowering your head. The medicine must be taken into the body to be effective. Someone once had severe stomach pain and was sent to the hospital for treatment. He found that his stomach was completely filled with glass, and he realized that he had been dropped by someone without his knowledge. As for how the glass got into the stomach, it is really incredible!The most vicious method of head-dropping is "flying head-dropping". Generally, wizards with this kind of witchcraft will only come out to cause harm at night. During the day, they are no different from ordinary people. When night comes, His head is separated from his body and flies around, looking for the blood of fetuses and others to suck. Legend has it that the fetus is made of yin and yang essence and blood. The more it is absorbed, the longer life will be and the stronger the magic power will be. The spell "Flying Head Down" is not easy to practice, and those who practice it can easily lose their lives. Most people who practice "Flying Head Down" have deep hatred and want revenge, and that is why they have the courage to avoid death. and perseverance.
It takes at least seven times to practice "Flying Head Down", and each time takes seven to forty-nine days. During the practice period, you have to suck blood every night, just like a vampire in the West. If there is a day when blood is not sucked, all previous efforts will be wasted, and there will be no chance to practice again.
Therefore, during his more than 300 days of practice, his head flew out every night, sucking the blood of humans and dogs. All poultry and animals could not escape. It was impossible to guard against, and it was very scary.
For those who have not yet mastered it, when the head leaves the head, even the intestines will be dragged out with it. In order to prevent the flying head descendants from sucking blood, the local people install anti-theft thorns or plant thorns on the roof. Plants, because the head of a flying head descender is usually no more than three meters high and drags its long intestines, it is likely to be stabbed by barbs when passing through the roof. Once the intestines are stabbed, the head will be Unable to return to the original place, when dawn came, Feitou turned into a pool of black blood and disappeared; while the Jiangtou division was left with only a pool of blood. However, if you encounter a truly trained head-lowering master, his head will not be connected to the intestines and intestines. If you fly over the roof, you can avoid the barbs and pass smoothly. To eliminate this kind of head-lowering master, you have to rely on his superiority. A powerful mage broke his spell during his practice and was able to subdue him.
Zashiki Warashi, the game companion who lives at home
This is a slightly Japanese-style fairy. It attaches itself to the home in the form of a child. Legend has it that as long as Zashiki Warashi is around, the family will prosper. If among the friends you are playing with, you see all familiar faces, but you always feel that there is one more person than at the beginning, this is probably the fault of it. Zashiki Warashi is a very honest monster whose figure can only be seen by children. Because of this, some selfish families often hire powerful mage to trap them in a barrier and control their freedom. Legend has it that you must not get angry with Zashiki Warashi or you will...
Aoi Hiroto:
To be specific, it is not a monster, but more like "The Decameron" or something like that. The act of telling stories: Most of Japanese ghost stories also happen on summer nights. Many of the stories in the traditional Japanese drama Kabuki are derived from ghost stories. In the Edo period (equivalent to 1603 to 1867 AD), there was a game called "Hyakumonogatari". It means that a few friends get together in the middle of the night, light many candles, and everyone takes turns telling ghost stories and feeling the scary atmosphere. It is said that when the hundredth candle goes out, the real ghost will appear... So storytellers often have a warning in their hearts. When it is their turn to tell a story, they must not become the last one, because they don't know What will happen when you finish telling the hundredth story? So every time the ninety-ninth is mentioned, it will be stopped immediately. No one dares to continue talking. This is a collective ritual of summoning ghosts. The Edo period writer Ryo Asai's "Kasashiko" records in detail the origin and gameplay of "Hyakumonogatari". The brief description is as follows: Before playing the game "Hyakumonogatari", all participants must be in uniform. Wearing Tsing Yi, gathered in the same dark room. In the room next to this darkroom, row lamps made of blue paper were prepared, and enough lamp oil was added, and then a hundred wicks were lit and lined up. A small wooden table will be placed next to the portable lamp, with a mirror placed on it. After everyone takes turns telling a strange story, he must leave his seat and walk in the dark to the next room with a lighted lamp, and blow out a wick. Then, look at your own face in the mirror before returning to the original darkroom, and then change to the next person. During the process of blowing out the wick, they continued to talk about strange stories. After finishing the ninety-ninth strange story, the last wick was left and was left to continue burning. Then everyone continued to sit around and wait for the dawn. When the sun comes up, we all disperse and go home. Many people don’t understand why the ghost story always ends when the ninety-ninth one is told. This is because people at that time were very superstitious and said that if the hundredth ghost story was mentioned, something weird would happen, so no one dared to go there. Touch this taboo. With the passage of time, candles were used instead of street lamps, and the new rule of the game was that the last candle must be blown out. The Hyakumonogatari game turned into a terrifying ghost talk party. It is said that when the last candle is blown out, When it was turned off, something strange indeed happened. The painting "Green Lantern" painted by Toriyama Sekien is included in "Hakudori Night Parade". It depicts the scene of the Hyakumonogatari at that time. When the Green Lantern is about to be blown out, many interesting and interesting monster stories are being told by a group of people. , and someone recorded it in writing. This is the origin of Yokai Hyakumonogatari. Haha, if you want to play this game in the future, be sure not to tell the hundredth ghost story, it will become true by then
The legend of ghosts and monsters has existed in ancient China——< /p>
About four thousand years ago, the two emperors Yan and Huang fought for the world. After the Yan Emperor's son Chi You was captured, he became a follower of the Yellow Emperor. Later, he found an opportunity to escape and returned to the Yan Emperor's side, urging him to Emperor Yan resumed the war to wash away the shame of Xue Banquan. However, Emperor Yan was already old and weak, and he could not bear to bring disaster to the people by starting a war on his own, so he did not listen to Chi You's advice. Chi You had no choice but to mobilize his brothers, and summoned the Miao people in the south, as well as the demons and monsters in the mountains, forests and swamps, and led the army to challenge the Yellow Emperor under the banner of Emperor Yan. Huang Di was shocked when he heard that Chi You had launched an army. He wanted to use his benevolence and righteousness to influence Chi You, but Chi You was not influenced, and the two sides started a battle in Zhulu. Chi You used magic to create a poisonous fog array and surrounded Huang Di's army. However, Huang Di drove the compass invented by his counselor Feng Hou and commanded the army to break out of the poisonous fog array. Chi You sent demons and monsters to fight again, and Huang Di asked the soldiers to use horn horns to blow the dragon's sound to scare away these ghosts and monsters.
It can be seen that both in ancient times and now, demons and monsters refer to some miscellaneous little monsters. When they spread to Japan, they became famous. It is said that demons and monsters specialize in eating beautiful women. Most of them appear tall, red-bodied, with pointed ears, and The main feature is the long horns on the head. According to Japanese folklore, there are many ancient forests in the wilderness and uninhabited mountains. People who walk long distances, especially those who walk at night, often encounter mandrills, ghosts, demons, and monsters, which are all transformed from wood, stone, birds, and beasts
Ghosts
In Gaoqiao It appeared in Ye Jie's School Ghost Stories. Just like the glowing bait in front of the head of some kind of deep-sea fish, the beauty is the bait in front of the ghost's head. It grows on its long tongue and makes a tragic appearance of being about to be swallowed to lure people to save it. She then eats people.
Kappa
There is a small lake near Inagawa Shrine in Japan, named Lake Susuka. Kappas often appear in the lake. Because kappas are well-known in Japan, there are many The more common saying is: the bird-headed man wears a turtle shell, and has a bowl-shaped concave mirror on his head, which is filled with water. If there is no water, he will die. His hands are connected and can be stretched, and he can fly into the sky with the power of farts. It is recorded in "Hundred Ghosts at Night", "Hundred Things Chronicle", "Ten Thousand Ghosts Record", "Monster Sayings"... which are common in folklore books.
The origin of kappa
It is said that "kappa" live in rivers or ponds all over Japan. According to the research data of folklorist Junichiro Ishikawa, the legend of kappa is widely distributed, including in Japan. Tohoku region, Chubu region, Kinki region, Ishikawa & #8231; Toyama Prefecture in Kansai region, Chugoku region, Shikoku region, Kitakyushu region, Saga & #8231; Miyazaki prefecture in Kyushu, Amami Islands and Okinawa prefecture, based on each region Different dialects have different names for Kappa. ***The common point is "children living in rivers", so they are called "Kappa" (Kappa). Originally, kappa were spirits in the water and were worshiped as river gods by the people. There is also a saying that kappas are messengers of the water god, transformed from the frost dropped by the water god.
As for the origin of kappa, there are two theories for reference:
1. Kappa crossing
The legend of kappa first originated in the Yellow River Basin of China The upper reaches of the river were called "Water Tiger" in ancient times, also known as "He Bo". In the early Warring States Period, in Ye County, Wei State. Every year when the rainy season comes, the river surges and floods, often taking away many lives and property. The local witches use the excuse of "He Bo to marry a wife" to collude with officials to make money, and must sacrifice young women to please He Bo. It wasn't until a new magistrate named Ximen Bao came to Ye County that the superstition of "He Bo marrying a wife" was eradicated. The later mention of "He Bo marrying a wife" naturally reminds people of the story of resisting tyranny by outsmarting them. typical.
After "Kappa" spread to Japan, it became a well-known "kappa". It is said that a leader named Kuzenbo led the kappa clan from China to live in the Kuma River Unzen Hot Spring area in Kyushu. He often appears in the village with his men and causes a lot of trouble. Because he has the power to pull the horse to the river, no one in the village can resist him. Kato Kiyomasa, the lord of Kumamoto Castle, was extremely angry when he learned about this. He used the kappa's most hated ape to teach the kappa a lesson for harming the people. From then on, the kappa had to live obediently in the Chikugo River in Kumamoto Prefecture. Later, he became the envoy of Suitengu Shrine, and its branch was located at Arima's residence on the bank of the Akabane River in Edo. (His Royal Highness Kurume) later moved to near Nihonbashi.
It is said that in order to defeat Kuzenbo, Kato Kiyomasa led the kappa to Hell Valley, which spewed sulfur gas. He not only poisoned the river, but also threw hot stones into the pool, and finally gathered them. He captured the mountain ape that the kappa hated most, and attacked him in groups. Because of the heat of sulfur, the water in the plate above Jiuqianfang gradually disappeared. With his magical power, he was finally able to capture him. He had to ask the city lord to let him go and promised not to harm him again. place, this is one of the legends of Kappa. (Note: Kato Kiyomasa was a Japanese military commander in the Azuchi-Momoyama period. He followed Toyotomi Hideyoshi when he was young. During the desperate battle with Shibata Katsuie, he showed his superb martial arts skills. He defected to Tokugawa Ieyasu in the Battle of Hara and became the leader after the war. The city of Kumamoto Castle is famous for its bravery and castle architecture)
2. The theory of kappa humanoidization
Legends of Sa Jingoro in the Edo period, Banshou of ancient Takeda, and Nara. , the Hida craftsmen of the Heian period. When these craftsmen built shrines, temples or cities, there was a kind of curse that was passed down. They wrote people's names on slips of paper, and then stuffed the slips into gaps in the wood or This action is called "soul-calling" in the case of grass-cut human figures (i.e. dolls), and it is said that the buildings will be stronger and more reliable. After completion, the unused humanoids will be thrown into the river. Later, these cursed humanoids will transform into kappas, causing chaos everywhere and posing a threat to humans and animals. In addition, Abe Seimei, who is famous as an onmyoji, used paper dolls (Shikigami) attached to the gods to help him perform his work. Later, some people were afraid of the Shikigami, so Abe Seimei had to seal the Shikigami in a monastery in Kyoto. Under the bridge, it is said that kappa are the descendants of these shikigami.
Similar to the way an onmyoji uses shikigami, sorcerers can cause illness or even death if they do something to the victim's name, hair or clothing. And he can also steal his soul essence and make it serve himself.
In the Qing Dynasty of China, there was also a sorcery incident of "soul-calling": In order to build a bridge in Deqing County, Zhejiang Province, wooden piles needed to be driven into the bottom of the river, so the masons borrowed the names of living people and wrote them on pieces of paper and affixed them to the prepared paper. The tops of the wooden piles that will serve as the base of the bridge are then hammered down hard with a mallet, which will add a certain spiritual force to the impact of the sledgehammer. Since it was difficult to drive wooden piles to the bottom of the river, rumors spread that the bridge piers could be stabilized and lasting if the soul-calling technique was used, causing great panic among the people in the south of the Yangtze River. Everyone was in danger and vowed to kill those who spread sorcery. The local officials during Emperor Long's era spent a lot of effort to suppress the panic incidents that disturbed people's hearts. (Please refer to "Calling the Soul" published by Shiying)
Characteristics of Kappa
Full body: Height is about 60 cm to 1 meter tall, weight is only about 45 kg, he is thin The body shape looks like that of a child between 3 and 10 years old, looking both human and ape-like. Their bodies smell bad and are covered in mucus, making them difficult to catch. Kappa seen in some places are said to be covered in hair.
Hands and feet: The arms can move flexibly left and right. If they are cut off, they will grow back. They have strong regeneration ability. (The amputated arms can be made into special medicine for bruises.) The hands and feet grow like It's like a human, but it's very slender. It can be used for paddling, but it only has four fingers, and its hands and feet can be retracted into the turtle shell.
Head: disheveled hair. There is a disc-shaped depression in the center of the head. When filled with water, it becomes extremely powerful. If the water is poured out, the magic power will disappear. Some people say that his head is red. Others say it is dark blue.
Eyes: The eyes are round, glowing, and have sharp eyes.
Nose: The nose is as prominent as a dog and has a keen sense of smell.
Mouth: It looks like a human mouth, or some looks like a bird's beak. There are four fangs on the top and bottom of the mouth, which can tear food apart very quickly.
For information on Abe Seimei, please click /view/10393.htm
Personally, I think this is quite comprehensive as can be found in China