It is very important to fatten pigs quickly, which is directly related to the economic benefits of farmers. How can we improve the fattening effect of slaughter pigs under the same feeding conditions? The key is to improve the palatability of pig feed.
Crushing coarse materials such as bran, sweet potato vine, peanut leaves, rice straw, corn cob, grain, chicken manure, etc. Add a proper amount of Gymboree starter for fermentation. After being fermented into a biological grain-saving feed with fragrant smell, moderate sweetness and sourness, and not deteriorating after long-term storage, adopting scientific feeding methods can not only enhance the adaptability of pigs to biological feed, but also significantly save grain.
According to the environmental temperature, the coarse fermented feed and conventional concentrated feed are reasonably matched, and pigs are raised in the way of raw and coarse feeding, less feeding and diligent feeding. In summer, it can be properly thickened to meet the water demand of pigs, feeding 5 meals a day to avoid pigs being filled with thin food in winter, increasing urination times and losing calories of pigs; The feeding amount of coarse fermented feed can also be adjusted in time according to the feeding situation, taking the natural feeding of pigs as the degree to prevent the aging in the tank from affecting the appetite of pigs.
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Soak the coarse fermented feed in cold water for several hours, and filter out fine meat crumbs with fine steel mesh. When feeding suckling piglets, a small amount of fried soybean flour can be added to the feed, and the fragrance of soybean flour can promote the appetite of piglets. Feed the coarse feed in the concentrate sieve to the shelf pigs. Adding sugar-containing substances such as mature bark, carrot, orange peel and sugar residue to the feed of weaned piglets can not only make pigs like it, but also improve the average daily weight gain of piglets.
Skills of improving pig weight 1. Feed mugwort leaves. Folium Artemisiae Argyi is nutritious and has disease-resistant effect on pigs. Adding 2% Folium Artemisiae Argyi powder to pig diet in Japan can not only increase daily gain by 5%- 10%, but also reduce feed consumption by 7%- 12%.
Second, feed zeolite powder method. Adding 5% zeolite powder to feed pigs In Japan, for every addition of 1 kg zeolite powder, pigs can gain 4 kg, save nearly 1/4 of feed, and reduce pig bronchitis, gastroenteritis, rickets and piglet diarrhea. Can be used for feeding sows and promoting the growth and development of piglets.
Third, feed rare earth method. In the United States, adding 2.5 grams of rare earth to pig's 1 kg feed can make pigs gain 20-45 weight.
Fourth, feed saccharin or baking soda. Adding 0.05g saccharin per kg of feed can greatly increase the feed intake of pigs, and the daily weight gain will increase by 7%. The feed consumption and cost decreased by 4.8% and 3.5% respectively per weight gain 100kg. Saccharin can be dissolved in water and then mixed with feed to feed pigs. In the absence of lysine supply, baking soda can be used instead, which is not only low in cost, but also can achieve the same weight gain effect. Dosage of baking soda: piglet feed 10g, medium pig feed 20g and big pig feed 30g.
Five, feeding grease method. According to Japanese research, adding 50% mixed oil of soybean oil and coconut oil to the feed of weaned piglets every day is 2%-5% of the daily diet, and its weight gain is higher than that of the control group (that is, the control group) 14.5%.
Sixth, the method of feeding flavomycin or citric acid. The main experiment in Germany shows that the weight of piglets is 30-35 mg, and the daily gain can be increased by 5%. Finishing pigs add 5 mg per kilogram of feed.
Key points of feeding management of fattening pigs before slaughter 1, and scientifically formulate diets.
The daily gain of finishing pigs decreased gradually in the later stage. However, due to the relatively large weight, large food intake and the discontinuation of health care drugs, the resistance of fattening pigs is in a relatively fragile stage, so the diet nutrition must be balanced and scientific. All kinds of nutrients needed by pigs are supplied by feed, and the types and quantities of nutrients contained in various feeds are different. Therefore, the diet should be scientifically matched according to the requirements of pigs for various nutrients and the types and quantities of nutrients in various feeds, and a variety of feeds should be reasonably matched. Never feed a single feed for a long time.
2. The feeding density is reasonable.
Finishing pigs have a large weight in the later stage, and each pig occupies a large pigsty area. If it is raised on the ground, it is appropriate to have about 20 heads per circle 10. It is best to have a playground on the ground so that fattening pigs can have proper exercise and grow in a comfortable environment.
3. Establish a scientific feeding system.
Namely: regular feeding. The time and frequency of feeding pigs should be fixed every day, which can improve the appetite of pigs and the utilization rate of feed. Ration feeding. Not too much and not too little. According to the climate, feed types, appetite, feces, etc. Cultivate people by quality. In other words, the diet should not change too much, and the feed should be gradually transitioned when it changes, otherwise it will make pigs indigestion or get sick. Generally, the replacement cycle is 4 days, that is, the feed is gradually reduced or increased within 4 days.
4. Reasonable preparation of feed.
Appropriate preparation methods should be adopted according to the nature of feed. Besides chopping and beating fresh feed, green feed can also be made into silage or hay to feed. Roughage is usually prepared by crushing, soaking and fermentation. Concentrate all kinds of seeds and fruits in feed, and feed them after crushing. However, raw beans can only be fed to pigs after being cooked or baked to eliminate antitrypsin factor and bean smell. In addition, rapeseed cake should be detoxified before feeding.
5. Supply sufficient drinking water.
Because in the late fattening period, pigs can't add any antibiotics and other drugs that affect the quality and safety of products, so the drinking water of pigs in the late fattening period should be clean, especially in winter and spring, which will cause gastrointestinal discomfort, induce diarrhea and affect the growth and slaughter of pigs. When the temperature is high in summer, the body temperature of pigs will also be affected. If you drink enough water, your body temperature will not rise under the regulation of water; Pigs can also expel water vapor from the respiratory tract of the lungs through shortness of breath, and take away excess heat in the body with water vapor.
6. Strengthen management.
The winter weather is cold, and pigs consume a lot of calories, which slows down the weight gain and reduces the feed utilization rate. Moreover, due to poor management, weak pigs, sick pigs and frozen pigs often appear. In order to improve the economic benefit of fattening pigs in winter, it is necessary to raise them carefully and take measures to prevent cold and keep warm. If the pigsty has underground fire dragon heating facilities, it should be heated according to the size and feeding density of the pigsty. To keep the temperature relatively stable, don't ups and downs, this will cause the temperature of the pigs to be invited, and the resistance will be reduced, causing an epidemic. Plastic film was added to the pigsty without underground fire dragon, which was modified on the basis of the original pigsty High temperature will affect the appetite of pigs. Before the high temperature season comes, build a temporary arbor in front of the house to keep out the sun. You can also build a shed around the house, or plant vines for shade. Large pig farms are designed with cooling facilities such as water curtain, air conditioner and fan. In midsummer, we should relatively reduce the energy feed in the diet and increase the green feed. The amount of cyan characters increased from 0.5 ~ 1 kg to 1 ~ 1.5 kg. Feed should be fresh, hygienic and free from mildew. Feeding pigs at night can reduce daytime activities and increase the sleep time of pigs. In addition, there is less external interference at night and the weather is cooler. After eating, pigs can ensure adequate sleep time, which is beneficial to the growth of pigs. Feeding time can be at 7: 00 p.m., 1 1: 00 and 4: 00 a.m., feeding 0.5% saline solution and green juicy feed at 10 and 2: 00 p.m. during the day.
7. Strengthen disinfection management.
Formulate a scientific disinfection system. Strictly disinfect the pigsty environment regularly to reduce the probability of epidemic disease infection. When selecting chemical disinfectants, we should consider drugs that have strong disinfection ability to pathogens, little toxicity to people and animals, no damage to disinfected objects, easy to dissolve in water, stable in the environment, cheap and easy to obtain, and convenient to use. Environmental purification and disinfection: including vehicle disinfection (3% ~ 5% Lysol solution or 0.3% ~ 0.5% peracetic acid solution), road disinfection (frequent cleaning, disinfection with caustic soda solution every month 1 time) and site disinfection (timely removal of pig manure and weeds, disinfection of all stacking places with 0.5% peracetic acid solution). Disinfection of staff: staff are the main media to bring pathogens into the hospital area. Disinfection tanks should be set at the entrance of pig farms and each pigsty, and the tanks should be filled with 3% ~ 5% lysol solution or 10% ~ 20% bleaching powder solution for workers to soak their feet when entering. Or let them wash their feet and change into epidemic prevention clothes before entering the production area. Disinfection of piggery: Thoroughly disinfect after fattening pigs. Comprises cleaning and washing, spraying 0.5% peracetic acid solution after drying, and sterilizing by fumigation, flame or caustic soda.
8. Strictly implement the withdrawal period system.
In order to ensure the quality and safety of livestock products, pig farmers should strictly implement the relevant provisions of the "Guidelines for the Use of Feed Drug Additives" of the Ministry of Agriculture, and must stop investing in all drugs and immunization related to the quality and safety of livestock products before slaughter.
9. Apply for inspection in advance.
According to the relevant provisions of the Measures for the Administration of Animal Quarantine, pig farmers should declare quarantine to the local animal health supervision department three days before pig slaughter. After receiving the inspection report of pig farm households, the animal health supervision department shall assign animal health supervision personnel to the pig farm (household) for quarantine.
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