1. Judgment based on climate characteristic diagrams
There are many climate characteristic diagrams, the most common ones include temperature curves and precipitation histograms, dot diagrams, curve diagrams, line diagrams, climate data diagrams, etc. , to judge such pictures, we must first accurately grasp the characteristics of the ten climates, and then carefully analyze the temperature and precipitation characteristics reflected in these pictures to obtain the climate characteristics and determine the climate type. The breakthrough point of the analysis is:
Firstly, judge the northern and southern hemispheres based on the time when the coldest (hot) month occurs; secondly, judge the thermal zones based on the numerical characteristics of the coldest month’s temperature; finally, analyze the precipitation The climate type is determined by the amount and distribution of seasons within the year.
The summary is as follows:
2. Judgment based on the causes of climate
The climate of a region is mainly affected by the following four factors: solar radiation, atmospheric circulation , ground conditions, human activities.
First of all, it is necessary to understand that the latitudinal distribution of solar radiation is the most basic factor causing climate differences. It determines the heat conditions and thermal zones of various places; secondly, it is necessary to understand the impact of atmospheric circulation on global heat and water vapor. Its regulating and transporting functions, and its role in climate formation.
For example: What types of climate are formed under the control of a single pressure zone and wind zone? What types of climate are formed under the influence of monsoons? What are the climate types under the alternating control of wind belts and pressure belts? The role of the location of sea and land on climate formation is used to determine the climate type - continental climate or oceanic climate. It is summarized as follows:
3. Judgment based on the longitude, latitude and sea and land positions of a certain place
First of all, according to the distribution rules of various climate types, the climate distribution model map should be turned into the mind map. On the basis of grasping the distribution patterns of climate types, the method of analysis and judgment is:
First, determine the hemisphere and thermal zone to which the place belongs from the latitude position; secondly, determine the location of the continent from the sea and land positions. East coast or west coast; finally, based on known conditions, this point is mapped onto the global climate type and climate distribution model map to determine its climate type.
The following patterns can also be found through the above model diagram:
1. The climate types on the west coast of the continent are symmetrically distributed on the north and south sides of the equator. The tropical rain forest climate is on the equator, and then southward and southward. The north has savanna climate, tropical desert climate, Mediterranean climate and temperate oceanic climate respectively. Their causes are related to wind belts, pressure zones and their seasonal movement;
2. Climate types on the east coast of the continent It is related to monsoon activity;
3. The thermal conditions in high latitudes are poor and it is a polar climate;
4. The interior of the continent is less affected by the ocean and is a continental climate;
5. Plateau mountainous areas with higher altitudes have an alpine climate.
4. Judgment based on landscape pictures and text descriptions
Different climate zones have different organisms and soil types. Therefore, when understanding the formation and distribution of climate, you should also understand the location. The natural landscape characteristics, carefully analyze the text description or landscape map characteristics, and then determine the climate type.