Types, symptoms, causes and preventive measures of common cardiovascular diseases

1. Types, symptoms, causes and preventive measures of common cardiovascular diseases. Cardiovascular diseases include heart disease and cardiovascular diseases. Heart diseases include ventricular septal defect, atrial septal defect, stenosis and valve insufficiency. Tetralogy of Fallot. Cardiovascular disease mainly refers to coronary atherosclerotic heart disease, also known as coronary heart disease. Include angina pectoris, myocardial infarction, asymptomatic myocardial ischemia, ischemic cardiomyopathy and sudden cardiac death. Symptoms of heart disease include: some types of chest pain, shortness of breath, fatigue, palpitation (usually indicating slow, fast or irregular heartbeat), dizziness, syncope and so on. However, these symptoms are not necessarily heart disease. For example, chest pain may indicate heart disease, but it may also occur in respiratory diseases and gastrointestinal diseases. There are two main reasons: first, arteriosclerosis (the formation of deposits in arteries); Second, the appearance of blood clots (thick blood). However, atherosclerosis has a third problem, namely arteriosclerosis. Arteries are flexible. With or without atherosclerosis, they will gradually lose their elasticity and become hard over time. One of the reasons is the lack of vitamin C, because without vitamin C, the human body cannot produce collagen, which can keep the skin and arteries soft. Atherosclerosis, atherosclerosis and hypercholesterolemia all increase our blood pressure, making us more susceptible to thrombosis, angina pectoris, heart disease or stroke. Preventive measures 1, happy spirit. Anxiety, tension, depression and worry can lead to tachycardia or bradycardia, arrhythmia, precordial pain and elevated blood pressure. 2. Moderate work and rest. Excessive use of the brain and excessive nervousness are prone to cerebral vascular congestion. Therefore, it is necessary to properly adjust the balance of work and rest. 3. Eat more vegetarian food. Foods with high cholesterol and fat contain a lot of saturated fat, which is easy to cause the increase of cholesterol and triglycerides. Therefore, we should eat more vegetarian food. 4, often participate in physical exercise. Physical exercise can normalize vasodilation and contraction and improve the functions of autonomic nervous system and endocrine system. 5. Eat less salt. Excessive storage of sodium ions in the body will increase blood vessel pressure and raise blood pressure. 6. Don't smoke or drink. 2. Which age group has a high incidence of cardiovascular diseases? According to the latest research data abroad, 90% of people with normal blood pressure at the age of 55 will develop hypertension in the future. For people aged 40-70 years, the blood pressure range is115/75 ~185/15 mmhg, and the risk of cardiovascular disease will double with each increase of systolic blood pressure or diastolic blood pressure. 3. What are the hazards of cardiovascular diseases? Cardiovascular disease is a serious disease endangering human health. This is one of the main causes of death. There are many kinds of the disease, and the causes are complicated. For people who already have cardiovascular diseases, it is very important to standardize diagnosis and treatment to control the progress of the disease; For those who are not sick, we should know the harm of cardiovascular diseases so as to prevent them as soon as possible. Due to serious environmental pollution and bad eating habits, too much fat is deposited on the inner wall of blood vessels. If repeated every day, it will thicken the blood vessel wall and affect blood flow. More dangerously, it will gradually erode the blood vessel wall and cause arteriosclerosis. 4. In recent years, the incidence of cardiovascular diseases in China is increasing year by year. What is the main reason? The morbidity and mortality of chronic non-communicable diseases such as cardiovascular diseases are rising rapidly, which is closely related to the changes of people's lifestyle and diet structure. Cai Jiming, secretary-general of the Chinese Preventive Medicine Association, stressed that "effective prevention is more important than disease treatment for cardiovascular diseases, and a light, healthy, balanced and reasonable diet is the most direct and effective weapon to prevent cardiovascular diseases." 4. What are the effects of alcoholism and smoking on cardiovascular diseases? Psychosocial factors can activate neuroendocrine mechanism through unhealthy lifestyle and behavior habits, activate sympathetic nerve and platelet activity, such as smoking, drinking, continuous high-intensity work and life rhythm and type A behavior, which can cause coronary artery endothelial function damage, form atherosclerotic plaques, promote coronary artery stenosis and myocardial ischemia, and lead to coronary artery spasm and serious cardiovascular events. The results of acute emotional stress test show that emotional stress can significantly increase the number and size of carotid atherosclerotic plaques in humans and monkeys, and various behavioral interventions such as changing diet structure, proper exercise, psychological relaxation, quitting smoking and drinking less alcohol can significantly reduce the number and size of carotid atherosclerotic plaques.