What does skin texture mean? When our skin is uncomfortable, it is likely that the barrier is damaged. The average person's skin is composed of epidermis, dermis and subcutaneous tissue, so it is very important to maintain the stratum corneum. What does skin texture mean?
What does skin texture mean? 1 Skin texture is a large number of ridges and depressions naturally formed on the skin surface, referred to as dermatoglyphics. In the dermal structure of the skin, bundles of elastic fibers and collagen fibers are always arranged in a certain direction, and this arrangement has a certain trend, some places are concave and some places are convex, thus forming lines, which is the dermatoglyphics of the skin itself;
Wrinkles are another type of skin texture, which is caused by the expansion and contraction of skin and the repeated expansion and contraction of expression muscles. This is dermatoglyphics caused by external influences. Secretions of sebaceous glands and sweat glands can spread to the whole skin surface along the lines of dermatoglyphics, making the skin soft and elastic.
Dermatoglyphics are related to position. Different positions have different directions and depths. The dermatoglyphics of face, palm, scrotum, neck and joints are the deepest. If the dermatoglyphics are thin and shallow, the skin will be fine and smooth.
The dermatoglyphic line of the skin itself is the skin tension line. Different parts of the human body have different tension lines. The tension line is where the skin bulges under the microscope. Dermatoglyphics formed in the bulge are also called dermatoglyphics, and dermatoglyphics formed in the depression are also called dermatoglyphics. There are many small holes in the skin groove, commonly known as sweat pores, which are the openings of sweat gland ducts (sweat tubes).
This kind of dermatoglyphics of the skin itself can stretch the skin, just like a pleated skirt, which is commonly called the elasticity (extensibility) of the skin. Young, healthy and smooth skin with obvious skin ridges and wrinkles, clear skin lines and strong elasticity; On the other hand, the aged and rough skin has inconspicuous skin ridges and wrinkles, blurred dermatoglyphics and reduced skin elasticity.
In surgery, the knife cuts along the dermatoglyphics, and the wound is small, and the scar is not obvious after healing.
What does skin texture mean? 2. Skin texture analysis.
1. Normal human dermatoglyphics Human skin consists of epidermis and dermis. Dermal papillae protrude to epidermis, forming many neat nipple lines called ridge lines, and the concave parts between ridge lines are furrows.
Due to the different directions of skin ridge and skin groove, various skin texture features are formed on the surface of fingers (toes) and palms (feet). Dermatoglyphics, also known as dermatoglyphics, refers to the texture patterns of some parts of human skin.
The skin texture of human body belongs to polygenic inheritance and has individual specificity. Skin texture is formed in the embryo 14 weeks, once it is formed, it will remain unchanged for life, so dermatoglyphics has the characteristics of high stability.
(1) Finger print: Fingerprint refers to the texture of fingertip, which can be divided into three types according to whether there is a trident outside the fingertip (Figure 10-3).
1) Arch (a): When the equal arch ridge goes from one side to the other, the middle is arched, and there is no tent-like trident uplift, it is called tent arch (AT).
2) The ridge of the ring (L) bends upward from one side and then turns back to the side where it happened, which looks like a dustpan.
If the basket mouth faces the ruler side of the hand, it is called ruler ring (Lu) or basket, and the basket mouth faces the radial side of the hand, it is called radial ring (LR) or inverted basket. There is a trident under the side of the dustpan head. Trigonometry means that three groups of ridges in different directions converge into a Y-shape or a herringbone in dermatoglyphics.
3) Wheel pattern (w): It is characterized by two or more trident patterns, and the grain direction is concentric ring pattern (annular pattern) or ipsilateral pattern (deflection pattern). This barrel type is called double-ring thread (WD). Other non-double jumps mentioned above are simple threads, Ws (WS).
(2) The total number of ridges: Draw a straight line from the center point of the dustpan or bucket pattern to the bifurcation, and count the number of ridges that this straight line passes through, which is called the number of ridges.
The arch type has no trigeminal structure, and the number of ridges is 0; There is a ridge number in the dustpan pattern because there is a fork; The bucket pattern has two ridges because there are two forks (whichever is larger); And the total finger ridge count TFRC) is obtained by adding the ridge numbers of ten fingers.
(3) Palmprint: The palmprint in the palm is called palmprint, and it is more important to determine the trigeminal axis and ∠atd.
The third radius of the axis means that there is a herringbone fork D on the far side of the wrist transverse broken line, roughly below the ring finger, and the angle formed by connecting a straight line with the third radius of the axis T is ∠atd. Its size indicates the specific position of T (Figure 10-4). The average ∠atd of normal people in China is 4 1. The closer the T is to the palm of your hand, the greater the atd angle. ∠ is indicated by t "at d56.
(4) Folding line: Folding line refers to the obviously visible folding line at the joint bending activity of fingers and palms, which are called finger folding line and palm folding line respectively. Although it does not belong to skin texture, its changes are valuable for the diagnosis of some genetic diseases.
1) Palm crease: Normal people have three palm crease lines; Distal transverse fold, proximal transverse fold and thenar longitudinal fold. Sometimes the distal transverse fold line and the proximal transverse fold line are connected into a single fold line across the whole palm, which is called ape fold, and it is called hand piercing in China.
But sometimes the degree of contact is different, which can be divided into various variants (Figure 10-5). The incidence of foul line of normal people in China can reach 3.53%-4.87%.
2) Finger crease: Normal people have only one crease in their thumb, and all other fingers have two creases.
(5) The pattern of the ball of the big toe: The skin patterns of the toes and soles of people are called toe patterns and plantar rotation, but only the pattern of the ball of the big toe (toe area) has clinical significance.
There are also bows, dustpans, buckets and other patterns. According to the different trends of dermatoglyphics, it can be divided into the following main types: proximal arch, fibula arch, tibia arch, distal dustpan, fibula dustpan, tibia dustpan and bucket, and there is a compound type outside.
2. Clinical significance of dermatoglyphic examination. Dermatoglyphic changes are related to some chromosomal abnormalities, congenital diseases and unexplained syndromes, but their changes are not specific and can only be used as a preliminary screening for circumstantial evidence or disease diagnosis, so as to make further diagnosis.
What is the meaning of skin texture? 3.7 kinds of skin structure analysis.
Seven kinds of skin structure analysis: the skin is divided into epidermis, dermis and subcutaneous tissue, with nerves, blood vessels, lymphatic vessels and skin accessories.
First of all, the tissue structure of the skin
1, skin is a large body (organ) covering the body surface, which plays a key role in maintaining health and beauty. Healthy skin should be moist, soft, flexible, acidic, malleable and shiny. The skin coverage area of adult males is about 1.60 m2, and that of females is about 1.40 m2. The net weight of skin is about 14%- 16% of the rest weight.
2. The thickness of skin varies with people's age, sex, skin position and health status. Generally, the skin thickness of human body is 0.5-4mm, and the average skin thickness of men is about1.1.5-4 mm, in which the skin of upper eyelid and armpit is ultra-thin, and the skin of palm and sole is thick.
If all parts of the skin are moderately pressed regularly, it will make the skin thicker and improve the maintenance effect of the skin, but it will have an impact on the digestion and absorption of the skin.
3. Skin color is related to race, sex, age, living environment, red blood cells in blood and estrogen in pineal gland.
Every cubic centimeter of skin contains millions of individual cells and their intertwined blood vessels and neural networks.
5. the PH value of the skin. Sweat and sebaceous glands form a pure natural epidermis (green ecological protective film) covering the epidermis. The surface layer of healthy skin is acidic. The PH value of male skin is close to the middle value of 4.5-6, and that of female skin is close to the middle value of 5-6.5.
Second, the composition of the skin is divided into three levels:
Skin, dermis, subcutaneous tissue, nerves, blood vessels, lymphatic vessels, skin attachments, etc.
(1) The epidermis is the outermost layer of the skin, covering the whole body and having the function of maintenance. There are no blood vessels in the epidermis (so it is not easy to bleed after scraping), but there are many subtle peripheral nerves. Epidermis can be divided into five layers according to the morphology of somatic cells, which are: thin stratum corneum, transparent layer, granular layer, spinous cell layer and dermis layer from outside to inside.
(2) Dermal dermis is located in the deep layer of epidermis, between epidermis and subcutaneous tissue. It is mainly composed of connective tissues such as fibrous cells, elastic chemical fibers, reticular chemical fibers and amorphous culture substrates, as well as nerves and peripheral nerves, blood vessels, lymphatic vessels, muscles and their skin appendages.
(3) Subcutaneous tissue, also known as "human adipose tissue", is located directly below the dermis and has no obvious boundary with the dermis. Human anatomy is called superficial fascia, and clinical medicine is called honeycomb tissue.
Human adipose tissue is a loose layer of tissue. It is a pure natural rubber pad, which can cushion the work pressure of outsiders. In addition, it is a thermal conductor and insulator, which can store kinetic energy. In addition to human fat, human adipose tissue also contains colorful blood vessels, lymphatic vessels, nerves, sebaceous glands and hair follicles.
(4) Skin appendages Skin appendages, including hair, sebaceous glands, sebaceous glands and fingers (toes), play a very important role, and the harm of all appendages can cause disease.