1, according to historical records, "people who get married are said to salute at dusk, so they get married." In other words, holding a wedding at night is a long-standing wedding custom of the Chinese nation. Reading ancient books, it is common for the ancients to describe weddings. Although the wedding of the ancients basically formed a pattern from the Western Zhou Dynasty, for example, the Book of Rites has a chapter on "being a scholar with a faint ceremony" and the Book of Rites has a chapter on "being a scholar with a faint righteousness", due to the social changes in China and the continuous integration of different nationalities, differences in folk wedding customs have always existed.
2. There is such a record in Youyang Miscellany in the Tang Dynasty: "The wedding in the Northern Dynasty, the green curtain is the house, the inner and outer doors, that is, we are here to pay homage. At the wedding reception, the husband's family led more than 100 people, or a dozen people, who, with their extravagance and thrift, called the bride and urged her to go out until the bride got on the bus. On the day when her husband visited the pavilion, the women in her husband's family got together and each beat her husband with a stick for fun. Even the big one was embarrassed. " The "green curtain" is different from the traditional wedding room of Han nationality, and its ceremony is also very different from the traditional people in China.
3. The Book of Rites. "Faint Righteousness" contains a greeting cloud: "A father greets his son, and a man comes before a woman. The son promised to meet, and the host gave a banquet in the temple and worshipped at the door. The son-in-law took the goose in, bowed to the hall, and then worshipped the goose, which was accepted by his parents. After the descent, the imperial woman rode in the car and granted her permission. Three weeks later, she was outside the door first. When the woman arrives, the married woman will enter. * * * Eat in prison, marry and die, so fit, respect each other and kiss each other. " According to the records in Youyang Miscellaneous Notes, it seems that in the Northern Dynasties, the worship ceremony was completed outside the woman's home, and the wedding ceremony after that was more of a relic of robbing relatives in primitive society. This can be proved from the later "husband worships pavilion day, and in-laws and women finish gathering, each holding a stick for fun". "Worship the pavilion" probably means that the husband and wife go back to the house (to their parents' house) after marriage. On this day, relatives and friends of the husband's family beat her husband with a stick, and the righteousness was venting anger.
4. According to the Book of Rites, before marriage, it has always been "accepting, asking the name, accepting the discipline, accepting the levy and inviting the day". On the wedding day, the son accepted his father's order to greet his wife, and his wife's father (master) held a banquet in the temple (ancestral hall) to pay homage to his husband outside the door, and his husband held geese (such as today's chicken). After the bride goes out to get on the bus, her mother-in-law needs to drive and "ride the wheel three times", that is, let the wheel turn three times. According to Mr. Wang Chuanshan, the distance of "three wheels" is about five feet, six feet and four inches. Then the man goes home to meet him outside the door first, and then there is a ceremony to tie the knot (cut one of them).
According to the above materials, at the latest in the Northern Dynasties, the marriage custom of barbarism still existed at least in the ceremony, so that sometimes "beating the husband with a stick ... was greatly disappointed with a person" was shocked.
In the Tang Dynasty, "When welcoming women, the mortar filled three liters of millet and built a well." Three pounds in the window and three arrows in the door. The woman got on the bus, and her husband rode around the car three times. A woman will get married tomorrow. What about her family? Huo. The woman will get on the bus and cover her knees and face. When a woman enters the door, Uncle menstruation knows that she went out from the door, or even came in from the door, saying that she is the bride. Another woman's introduction, first thanks to pigs and stoves. Marry a woman. Couples and worship, or * * * knot mirror buckle. Marry a daughter-in-law, get a bride, and marry in the twelfth lunar month, but not menstruation. "(see" Youyang Miscellany ") This is different in the Northern Dynasties, and it is also very different from the provisions of the Book of Rites.
6. The ancient wedding ceremony was more complicated. "Book of Rites Ceng Zi" asks: "A woman who dies in front of a temple and is buried in a female party is obviously not a woman." It is also a gift for a vassal to marry a woman. After March, he sent a doctor to hold a ceremony and saw that the ram had been published for nine years. His notes said, "Those who have to March will be faithful in a little time." However, in ancient times, the wedding was really established after three months of marriage. If you separate within three months, according to the ceremony, only marriage is not fully established, not divorce. This shows that weddings have been changing.
In fact, it is said that the "gift of a bad king" contained in the book Yili, which was written in the Western Zhou Dynasty, is not too old. In ancient times, marriage was not a happy event at all, which is why later generations have always been unconscious. In ancient times, weddings could only be held at night, and horses and chariots should be dressed in black. Therefore, the marriage of marriage is written as "faint", which must be set in the sun to salute.
7. Salute when unconscious, so it is called "marriage"; A woman marries her husband, so it is called "marriage". The ancients said that "people are confused and unhappy, and people's order is also", which shows that it has its own reasons. In a week, this situation has changed, and "mixed ceremony" has been included in the "five rituals". In the Han Dynasty, the emperor had to issue an imperial edict forbidding people from getting married and preparing wine and food to congratulate each other.
8. In the Tang Dynasty, "for weddings, there were Sophora japonica, Ejiao, Jiuzipu, Zhu Wei, Shuangshi, cotton wool, evergreen and dry lacquer. Nine things have words: glue paint takes its solid; Flour is soft; Puwei is a heart that can bend and stretch; Jiahe, sharing blessings; Double stone, righteousness is also in the second solid. " Weddings are endowed with many beautiful symbols, all of which are completely different from ancient tastes.
Extended content: the etiquette order of ancient weddings;
1. proposal: the man asks the matchmaker to explain his proposal to the woman, and it is called accepting talents as a gift to the goose. Goose sent someone to ask the woman's parents her name, which is called asking her name. At this time, the woman's house will put wine for entertainment.
2. Najib: After the man knows the woman's name, he will perform divination to see if the marriage is auspicious. If you get a good sign, you should tell your daughter that you still use the goose as a gift, which is called Naji.
3. Engagement: The man's family will send the woman a bunch of silks, deerskin (two pieces) and other gifts called Na Wei. Finally, the man asks the woman and the goose the wedding date. This is called an invitation.
4. Wedding ceremony: On the wedding day, the groom goes to pick up the bride and takes a dark car with a candle in front and two cars in the back. In the girl's house, the bride dressed up and stood in the room. The bride's father greeted her at the door and took the groom home. At this time, the man still has geese for the woman, the groom salutes and goes out, accompanied by the bride, and the parents do not send him out. The groom drives himself, invites the bride to get on the bus, and then has a special driver to replace the groom. The groom got on the bus and waited at the door first.
5. Li Cheng: When the bride arrived, the groom took her into the house and held a banquet. After the banquet, the bride and groom took off their dresses. The groom came into the room and took off the bride's tassel. At this time, the candles in the room were removed and the wedding was completed.
References:
Wedding (one of life rituals) _ Baidu Encyclopedia
Six Rites _ Baidu Encyclopedia?