The Buyi people have a population of nearly 55,000, and they mainly live in Qujing, Wenshan, and Honghe prefectures and cities. The Buyi village is built near the water, and the two residential buildings are loyal to the folk construction method and realize the Qiong cage. It is a perfect combination of the architectural techniques of the wooden house system and the board house system. The waterside pavilions and cloisters in the village, with its winding paths leading to secluded areas, are not only a concentration of residential style, but also a new creation of the garden landscape, which is quite representative.
Ethnic Architecture
The outstanding feature of the Buyi people’s residence is that they live together close to mountains and rivers. Most of the residential buildings are stilt-style buildings or half-story slate houses. The walls of the slate houses are made of stone strips or blocks, and the walls can be built up to five or six meters high. The roofs are covered with stone slabs, which are paved in neat diamond shapes or scaled patterns according to the materials. The stone houses are not only weatherproof, but also simple and beautiful.
Religious beliefs
Historically, the Buyi people believed in polytheism, worshiped their ancestors, believed in land gods, and regarded strange rocks, big trees, mountains, rivers, wells, caves, bronze drums, etc. as gods. things to offer sacrifices to. "Chicken divination", "egg divination", "mao divination", "copper coin divination" and so on are popular. Those who engage in divination and sacrifice are called "Lao Mo" for men and "Mi La" for women. When encountering diseases, natural disasters or "ominous" omens, please ask "Lao Mo" and "Mi La" to drive away ghosts and clear away disasters in the village to pray for blessings. Totems include dragon, eagle, tiger, etc. Since the folk believe that dragons can play a role in water conservation and flood prevention, the worship of dragons is even more prominent. In modern times, Catholicism was introduced to Yunnan, and some Buyi people converted to Catholicism.
Language
Buyi language belongs to the Zhuang-Dai branch of the Zhuang-Dong language family of the Sino-Tibetan language family. It does not have its own ethnic script and is now commonly used in Chinese.
Marriage Customs
Marriage among the Buyi people is monogamous. Intermarriage within the same clan or surname is strictly prohibited. There are customs of "cousin marriage" and the transfer of houses between brothers. When getting engaged, the groom's parents ask a matchmaker to go to the bride's house and give her a certain amount of wine, meat, rakes and other gifts. If the other party agrees, the second matchmaker will verify the "horoscopes" of both men and women. If they match, the wedding date can be chosen. When giving betrothal gifts, special attention should be paid to the number of "six" or "even", because "six" is the homophony of "lu", which means that both people will be blessed if they get a fortune after marriage. When getting married, the groom does not greet the bride, but only invites a few good men and women to greet him on his behalf. The bride usually walks to the groom's house holding an umbrella, but some also ride on horseback or in a sedan chair. If the newlyweds do not marry on the wedding day, they will return to their parents' home the next day.
Clothing
Men and women mostly like to wear blue, green, black, white and other colored fabrics. Young and middle-aged men usually wear turbans, double-breasted shorts (or long gowns), turbans, and trousers. Most elderly people wear double-breasted shorts or long gowns. Women's clothing varies from place to place. Some wear right-folded clothes, trousers or pleated skirts, and silver bracelets, earrings, necklaces and other jewelry. Some like to embroider flowers on their clothes, and some like to wrap their heads with white towels.
Culture
The Buyi poetry includes ancient songs, narrative poems, drinking songs, pan songs, love songs, nursery rhymes and other types. The Buyi people like to sing, and "March 3" is a traditional singing festival. There are many ethnic and folk musical instruments, including ancient chimes unearthed; bronze drums, sister Xiao, four-stringed huqin, oral strings, etc. are quite distinctive. Buyi embroidery and brocade have a long history, exquisite skills and rich content. They are often used as clothing, draperies, door curtains, quilt covers, pillowcases, headbands, shoe uppers, etc. The Buyi people's bamboo weaving is meticulous and exquisite, and has a wide range of uses, especially bucket sticks, mats, lunch boxes, and school bags are the most representative ones. The stone and wood carvings of the Buyi people have complex techniques and various styles, and have high artistic value.
Food
The Buyi people generally like to eat glutinous rice. Cold vegetables, frozen meat with moss, and pea jelly are their favorite foods. Sauerkraut and sour soup are essential for almost every meal, especially women. There are also flavored dishes made from blood tofu, fresh bamboo shoots and various insects. Du is good at making pickles, bacon and tempeh. The unique folk pickle "hydrochloric acid" is famous at home and abroad. Traditional snacks such as rice noodles, bait cubes, pea flour, rice cold cakes, etc.
Singing and Dancing
The Buyi people love to sing. When labor becomes a festive festival or on a moonlit night when lovers are having a tryst, simple and melodious songs will be heard everywhere. Buyi songs are basically divided into two types: "major tune" and "minor tune"
Festivals
Except for New Year (Spring Festival), Dragon Boat Festival, and Mid-Autumn Festival, Buyi traditional festivals are basically the same as those of Han nationality In addition, there are festivals with national characteristics such as "February 2", "March 3", "April 8", "June 6", "June 24", "Ox King Festival" and so on.
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