? View wonderful pictures Chinese name: Zhan Tianyou? Jim? Tianen? Yo (God bless Jim)? Alias: word sincere as soon as possible, number big super? Nationality: China? Ethnic group: Han nationality? Place of birth: Nanhai, Guangdong? Date of birth: 186 1 March 17? Date of death:1965438+April 24, 2009? Occupation: China Railway Engineer? Graduate school: Yale University? Main achievements: responsible for the construction of Beijing-Zhangjiakou Railway and other projects? Representative works: Railway Terminology, Brief Introduction of Beijing-Zhangjiakou Railway Project, Huaying Engineering Vocabulary, etc. Honor: the father of Chinese railway and modern engineering in China? Native place: Wuyuan County, Shangrao City, Jiangxi Province? catalogue
, the character's life?
When I was a teenager?
Youth?
Middle age?
Memorial figures in old age?
Personality performance?
Tangshan Railway?
Build Luanhe River Bridge?
Build a new simple railway?
Building the Beijing-Zhangjiakou Railway?
China Engineering Society was established?
Attend international conferences and devote yourself to road construction?
Win glory for our country?
Zhan Tianyou's great grandfather?
Zhan Tianyou's father?
Patriotic road protection?
Primary school text?
Family members?
Great grandfather?
Father's former residence?
Famous people?
A movie of the same name?
Basic information?
Founder?
The main actor?
Synopsis?
Film reviews, biographies?
Zhan Tianyou?
Content introduction?
The catalogue The Story of Zhan Tianyou?
Content introduction?
Zhan Tianyou Railway Science and Technology Award, the life of a character?
When I was a teenager?
Youth?
Middle age?
Memorial figures in old age?
Personality performance?
Tangshan Railway?
Build Luanhe River Bridge?
Build a new simple railway?
Building the Beijing-Zhangjiakou Railway?
China Engineering Society was established?
Attend international conferences and devote yourself to road construction?
Win glory for our country?
Zhan Tianyou's great grandfather?
Zhan Tianyou's father?
Patriotic road protection?
Primary school text?
Family members?
Great grandfather?
Father's former residence?
Famous people?
A movie of the same name?
Basic information?
Founder?
The main actor?
Synopsis?
Film reviews, biographies?
Zhan Tianyou?
Content introduction?
The catalogue The Story of Zhan Tianyou?
Content introduction?
Zhan Tianyou Railway Science and Technology Award?
Introduction?
Zhan Tianyou in childhood.
Zhan Tianyou was originally from Wuyuan County, Jiangxi Province, and his ancestral home was Nanhai County, Guangdong Province. He is also the earliest outstanding patriotic engineer and railway engineering expert in China. 1872 (eleven years of Tongzhi), Zhan Tianyou, who was only 12 years old, went to Hong Kong to enroll in the preparatory class for young children going abroad organized by the Qing government and went to study in the United States. [1] In the United States, students from overseas preparatory classes witnessed the great achievements of science and technology in North America and Western Europe and marveled at the rapid development of machinery, trains, ships and telecommunications manufacturing. Some students are pessimistic about the future of China, but Zhan Tianyou firmly said, "In the future, there will be trains and ships in China." With the belief of studying hard for the prosperity of the motherland, he studied hard and graduated from New Haven with 1877. In May of the same year, he was admitted to the Department of Civil Engineering of Yale University, majoring in railway engineering. After four years in college, Zhan Tianyou studied hard, ranking first in the graduation examination with excellent results. Zhan Tianyou studied at Weihafen Elementary School and Nuhafen Middle School in the United States. 1878 completed the middle school course with excellent results. After being admitted to Worcester Institute of Technology, a famous American university of technology, he was successively admitted to the Civil Engineering Department of Yale University to study railway engineering. 188 1 graduated with honors from Yale university in the United States, wrote his graduation thesis "research on wharf cranes", obtained a bachelor's degree, and returned to China in the same year. After returning home, Zhan Tianyou went to Mawei Ship Administration School to study. After the completion, he was sent to the flagship "Yangwei" of Fujian Navy as a gunner to participate in the Mawei naval battle. ? After the war, he was transferred to the Huangpu Naval Academy to teach. However, in China at that time, due to the strong opposition of feudal die-hards to the construction of railways, the hero was forced to learn to drive seagoing ships, which lasted for 78 years. 1887, "China Railway Corporation" was established in Tianjin. The following year, he was recommended by Mou, a classmate studying in the United States, and became the first railway engineer in China. Construction of the railway from Tanggu to Tianjin began, and the track-laying project was completed in just over 70 days. Later, he participated in the construction of the railway from Tianjin to Shanhaiguan, and needed to build an iron bridge on the Luanhe River. Faced with the successive failures of British, Japanese and German engineers to build this iron bridge, he resolutely stepped forward and undertook the task of building the bridge, and finally completed all the projects brilliantly. Zhan Tianyou's greatest contribution in his life was the successful construction of the Beijing-Zhangjiakou Railway. ? 1905 as chief engineer of Beijing-zhangjia railway. This road runs through Badaling, with a total length of more than 200 kilometers, and the engineering difficulty is unprecedented. He personally surveyed and selected the route; The east ditch of Beijing Qinglong Bridge adopts herringbone track, and two high-power locomotives turn around and push each other to solve the problem of insufficient traction of large slope locomotives. Together with the workers, we took various measures to solve the difficulties of water seepage and collapse in tunnel engineering, and dug Juyongguan by digging at both ends. The Beijing-Zhangjiakou Railway was completed in 1909, two years ahead of schedule, and the total cost was only one-fifth of the price charged by foreign contractors. ? After the completion ceremony of Jing-Zhang Railway, he was employed as the Sichuan-Han and Han-Yue Railway Association or the Prime Minister and Chief Engineer. After the Revolution of 1911, Ren Han served as the chief engineer and supervisor of Guangdong-Sichuan Railway Association, and overcame various difficulties to build a 365-kilometer railway from Wuchang to Changsha. In his later years, he edited and published engineering and technical books such as Summary of Beijing-Zhangjiakou Railway Project and Standard Drawing of Beijing-Zhangjiakou Railway, and?
Bust of Zhan Tianyou.
Huaying Engineering Vocabulary is the earliest dictionary of civil engineering in China. 19 19 died unfortunately. China Institution of Engineers built a bronze statue of Zhan Tianyou, the first president, at Qinglongqiao Station, in memory of this outstanding patriotic railway engineer forever. He is also known as "the first person in China Railway". Edit this paragraph. Zhan Tianyou, 186 1 was born in Nanhai county, Guangdong province in March. Zhan Tianyou, a teenager, is very interested in machines, and often makes various machine models with the children in the neighborhood. Sometimes, he secretly takes apart the bell at home, fiddles with the components inside and asks questions that even adults can't answer. The villagers envied the child. Youth?
Zhan Tianyou childhood photo
187 1 In the autumn of, Zhan Tianyou, who was only 12 years old, went to Hong Kong to enroll in the "preparatory study class for young children going abroad" organized by the Qing government and went to study in the United States. With the belief of studying hard for the prosperity of the motherland, he studied hard and graduated from New Haven with 1877. In May of the same year, he was admitted to the Department of Civil Engineering of Yale University, majoring in railway engineering. After four years in college, Zhan Tianyou studied hard, ranking first in the graduation examination with excellent results. Zhan Tianyou studied at Weihafen Elementary School and Nuhafen Middle School in the United States. 188/kloc-0 graduated from Yale university with honors in, wrote the graduation thesis "Research on Wharf Crane", obtained a bachelor's degree, and returned to China in the same year. 188 1 year, of the 120 overseas students who returned from China, only two got their degrees, and he was one of them. After returning home, Zhan Tianyou was full of enthusiasm and prepared to contribute what he had learned to the railway industry of the motherland. However, officials of the Westernization School of the Qing government were overly superstitious about foreign countries, and blindly relied on foreigners when building railways, regardless of Zhan Tianyou's professional expertise, and sent him to Fujian Naval Academy to learn how to drive seagoing ships. In June, 1882 and 165438+ were sent to the flagship "Yangwei" as driving officers to conduct drills. 1883, the Sino-French war broke out. In the second year, the long-planned French fleet entered the Minjiang River in succession, ready to go. However, He Zhangru, the shipping minister of the surrendering faction in charge of Fujian Navy, turned a deaf ear and even ordered: "Don't fire first, and offenders will be beheaded even if they win!" At this time, Zhan Tianyou privately said to Mr. Zhang, the captain of the Wu Yang, "There are many French warships with ulterior motives. Although we have received an order not to fire first, we must never take preventive measures in advance. " Because of Zhan Tianyou's warning, Wu Yang is very alert and ready to fight. When the French fleet launched a surprise attack, Zhan Tianyou braved heavy artillery fire and calmly and tactfully commanded the "Yangwei" to move forward from left to right; Avoiding enemy fire, seizing fighter planes, and bombarding the French command ship "Walter" with its tail almost killed the commander of the French naval expedition. For this naval battle, Zilin Xibao, founded by British businessmen in Shanghai, also had to be surprised and praised in different places: "Westerners didn't expect China people to fight so bravely. Of the five students aboard the warship Yangwei, Zhan Tianyou is the bravest. He is fearless in the face of the great enemy. At the critical moment of life and death, he is as calm as ever. He has the courage to save many people in the water ... "?
Zhan Tianyou (left) and Liang Dunyan (right)
From postwar to 1888, Zhan Tianyou was recommended by his old classmate Mou. After many twists and turns, he finally transferred to China Railway Corporation as an engineer, which was the beginning of his dedication to the railway industry in China. Zhan Tianyou, which has been lost for seven years, has the opportunity to join the railway industry of the motherland. At this time, it was the construction of the Tianjin-Tangshan Railway. He didn't want to live in Tianjin for a long time, so he went to the construction site to share joys and sorrows with the workers. As a result, it was completed and opened to traffic in only 80 days. However, Li Hongzhang played the role of Englishman Jinda and promoted Jinda as chief engineer. Soon after, Zhan Tianyou met another test. 1890, the Qing government repaired the internal and external railways (now Beijing-Shenyang Railway), and Jinda was the chief engineer. 1892, works to Luanhe Bridge. At that time, Tianjin-Shanhaiguan Jinyu Railway was built to Luanhe River, and a railway bridge across Luanhe River was built. The Luanhe River bed has deep sediments and meets rising water and rapids. Many countries want to attract this business. Of course, Jinda put the British first, but the so-called world-class British engineer Cox failed because he couldn't build a bridge. Contractors from Japan and Germany also failed. Later, Zhan Tianyou asked Zhongmin to build it himself. With the delivery deadline approaching, the Englishman in charge of the project agreed to give Zhan Tianyou a try? . Zhan Tianyou made a detailed analysis of the reasons for the failure of various countries, and made a thorough survey of the geological soil at the bottom of Luanhe River. After that, he decided to change the pile location, adopted the traditional method of China, used divers from China to dive into the river bottom, cooperated with the machine operation, successfully completed the piling task, and successfully completed the Luanhe River Bridge. This victory has strengthened the ambition of the people of China. 1894 British engineering research association elected Zhan Tianyou as its member. Since then, Zhan Tianyou has led the construction of railways such as Beijing-Tianjin Road and Pingyao Road (Pingxiang to Liling). In order to please Nora, Yuan Shikai invited to build a Xinyi Railway (Gaobeidian to Yixian) in 1902 for the royal family to worship their ancestors. Nora is naturally willing to take the train to worship her ancestors. In order not to miss the use of ancestor worship in 1903, Yuan Shikai was ordered to finish it within half a year. Yuan Shikai appointed Zhan Tianyou as the chief engineer. Although this road is of little value, it was built by China people themselves?
Zhan Tianyou Birthday100th Anniversary Stamp.
The beginning, so Zhan Tianyou still attaches great importance to. Zhan Tianyou completely abandoned the routine that foreigners had to air-dry the roadbed for one year before laying the track. It took only four months to build the Xinyi Railway at a very low cost, which greatly encouraged the confidence of China people in building their own railways and laid a good foundation for the later construction of the Beijing-Zhangjiakou Railway. Middle age?
Statue of Zhan Tianyou
1905 In May, the Engineering Bureau of Beijing-Zhangjia Railway Administration was established, with Chen Ren as general manager and Zhan Tianyou as general manager and chief engineer. 1906, Zhan Tianyou was promoted to general manager and chief engineer. Zhan Tianyou clearly knows the difficulty of this task. He must first resist cynicism from all sides: some people say that he is "overreaching", "only spending a few dollars" and even "daring". In a letter to Mrs Northrop, an American teacher, he said: "If the Beijing-Zhangjiang project fails, it will be not only my misfortune, but also the misfortune of China engineers, and it will bring great losses to China. Before and after I accepted this task, many foreigners publicly declared that China engineers could not undertake the arduous project of masonry caves on the Jing-Zhang line, but I insisted on my project, which fully reflected the patriotism and sense of national responsibility of China intellectuals. ? Zhan Tianyou has surveyed three routes, and the second detour is too far. The third is today's abundant sand line. Due to the limited funds allocated by the Qing court and the short time, Zhan Tianyou decided to adopt the first route, that is, from Fengtai to Zhangjiakou via Xizhimen, Shahe, Jingnankou, Juyongguan, Badaling, Huailai, Ji Ming Post and Xuanhua, with a total length of 360 miles. The difficulty of the whole line is to close the ditch, where the mountains overlap and the cliffs are steep and varied. The difficulty of the project was not found in the whole country at that time, and it was rare in the world. The slope is very large, and the height difference between Nankou and Badaling is 180. Zhan Tianyou divides the whole line into three sections: Fengtai to Nankou as the first section, Nankou to Kangzhuang as the second section, and the rest as the third section. ? /kloc-0 started construction on September 4th, 905, and/kloc-0 started track laying on February 6th, 2. On the first day of track laying, the coupler chain of an engineering vehicle broke, causing derailment accident. This has become evidence that China people can't build their own railways, and all kinds of slanders have poured in. However, Zhan Tianyou didn't panic, but thought calmly: the slope of this road is extremely high, and the connection performance between cars is slightly unstable, so the accident is hard to avoid. To this end, he used the method of automatic hook and finally solved this problem. ? On September 30th 1906, all the first blocks of the project were opened to traffic, and the second blocks started at the same time. The difficulty lies in the second quarter. First of all, we must open four tunnels: Juyongguan, Wuguitou, Shifosi and Badaling. The longest tunnel is Badaling Tunnel, which is1.092m long. This requires not only accurate calculation and correct command, but also new mountain cutters, ventilators and pumps. The former is not a problem for Zhan Tianyou, while the latter is not available in China at that time, and the difficulty can be imagined, just relying on the hands of workers. They overcame many difficulties and finally completed the second bid section in September 1908.
Zhan Tianyou (third from the right) took a group photo when the Beijing-Zhangjiakou Railway was completed.
[2] The difficulty of the third bid section is second only to that of the ditch. People met Huailai Bridge, the longest bridge on Zhangjing Road, for the first time. It is made up of seven steel beams 100 feet long. Thanks to Zhan Tianyou's correct command, it was completed in time. April 2 1909 train goes to Xiahuayuan. Although the section from Xiahuayuan to Jimingyi mining area is not long, the project is extremely difficult. On the right is Yanghe River, and on the left is Rocky Mountain. A six-foot-deep tunnel should be opened on the mountain, and a seven-mile-long riverbed should be padded under the mountain. Zhan Tianyou paved the river bed at the foot of the mountain with stones paving the road on the mountain. In order to prevent mountain torrents from impacting the subgrade, cement bricks were used for protection, and the third section was successfully completed. ? Zhan Tianyou never paid attention to the engineering difficulties, but Zhan Tianyou was extremely worried about man-made obstacles. There is a man named Guangzhai in Qinghe. He used to be a Taoist priest and a relative of the royal family Zaize. Both the ruling and opposition parties have influence. As soon as the railway passed its grave, he led the crowd to make trouble, stopped the project, and bribed heavily in private to demand diversion. The postal department is afraid to ask. There is the tomb of King Zheng in the north, the tomb of eunuchs in the south and the tomb of Nora's father Guigong in the west. I wonder how much time and money will be wasted to divert traffic. Zhan Tianyou is ashamed of taking bribes, never misappropriating them, and strives to stay or stay. Finally, because the five ministers were bombed when they went abroad, Zaize was too scared to talk about foreign affairs. Guangzhai agreed to pass through the grave wall because he lost his backer. ? Nala spends tens of millions of dollars to build the Summer Palace every year, but is unwilling to pay for road construction. The Beijing-Zhangjiakou Railway relies entirely on the surplus of internal and external railways, but this money is controlled by the British HSBC. When entering the second phase of the project, HSBC deliberately made things difficult and delayed payment, which led to the delay. Zhan Tianyou was very angry because he was not good at getting close to powerful people and was ashamed of pandering to foreigners. Imperialism always wants to seize this road. At the beginning of the project, Japanese Yujiro wrote to Yuan Shikai at the imperial gate, saying: China people can't afford to build this road, so it's safer to ask Japanese technicians. The Englishman Jinda also came to intercede for Japan. Zhan Tianyou flatly refused to hire any foreigners on this road. After the Juyongguan tunnel project started, hordes of foreigners often came to spy in the name of hunting, hoping that the project would fail in order to take advantage of people's danger. Zhan Tianyou set the tone for the people of China with excellent results. After several years of struggle, the Beijing-Zhangjiakou Railway was finally opened to traffic in September. 1909. It was originally planned to be completed in six years, but it was completed four years ahead of schedule, and the project cost was only one-fifth of that estimated by foreigners. ? After the Beijing-Zhangjiakou Railway was completed, Zhan Tianyou was awarded an engineering scholar by Xuan Tong and served as the examiner for international students. 19 10 served as the prime minister and engineer of Guangdong Commercial Guangdong-Han Railway Corporation, 19 12 served as the Han-Yue-Chuan Railway Association, responsible for the construction of Guangdong-Han and Sichuan-Han railways. In the same year, "China Institution of Engineers" was established and was elected as the first president. After the founding of the old Republic of China, 19 13 was appointed by the government as the technical director of the Ministry of Communications. 19 14 was awarded the second-class Baoguang Jiahe seal. 19 16, was awarded an honorary doctorate in law by the University of Hong Kong. 19 19 At the beginning of this year, as the China representative of the Far East Railway Conference supervised by the Allies, he was sent to Vladivostok and Harbin. In April, he returned to Hankou, Hubei due to illness. On the way, he boarded the Great Wall with illness and sighed: "Life has ups and downs, and the dream of building a road network has made me regret it." Fortunately, my life can be turned into a track crawling on the land of China ... "Zhan Tianyou finally fell ill due to overwork, 19 19 at 3 pm on April 24th. Zhan Tianyou and his wife Tan Juzhen were buried near Qinglongqiao Railway Station on Zhangjing Road. During the construction of the Beijing-Zhangjiakou Railway in Zhan Tianyou, various railway engineering standards were formulated, and a letter was sent to the government asking for national adoption. China is still using 4' 8 "gauge and Jane's automatic hook (Janney? Coupler, also known as Johnny coupler and Zheng coupler, Eli, USA? Jenny. Wait, it's all from Zhan Tianyou's proposal. ? 1922, a bronze statue of Zhan Tianyou was erected at Qinglongqiao Railway Station; 1987, Zhan Tianyou memorial hall was built nearby; On June 65438+1October 65438+February, 2005, the bronze statue of Zhan Tianyou, the "father of China's railways", was unveiled at Zhangjiakou South Station to commemorate the100th anniversary of the construction of Beijing-Zhangjiakou Railway. Zhan Tianyou bronze statue: 2.8m high,1t. His deeds have been included in the fifth lesson of the sixth grade Chinese textbook of the new primary school curriculum standard, the seventeenth lesson of the sixth grade Chinese textbook of the S version of the primary school Chinese, and the twentieth lesson of the sixth grade Chinese textbook of the Jiangsu Education Edition (20 12 autumn). Zhan Tianyou was recommended by his old classmate Mou to work as an engineer in China Railway Corporation. Zhan Tianyou, which has been lost for seven years, has the opportunity to join the railway industry of the motherland. At this time, it was the construction of the Tianjin-Tangshan Railway. He didn't want to live in Tianjin for a long time, so he went to the construction site to share joys and sorrows with the workers. As a result, it was completed and opened to traffic in only 80 days. However, Li Hongzhang played the role of the Englishman Jinda and promoted Jinda as the chief engineer. Luanhe River Bridge was built at 1890, and the Qing government repaired the internal and external railways (now Beijing-Shenyang Railway), with Jinda as the chief engineer. ?
Zhan Tianyou (second from the right in the back row) and other baseball teams organized by young children studying in the United States
1892, the project goes to Luanhe Bridge, and many countries want to win this business. Of course, Jinda took the Englishman first, but the Englishman Cox failed because the bridge could not be built. Contractors from Japan and Germany also failed. Later, Zhan Tianyou asked Zhongmin to build it himself. As the delivery deadline approached, the Englishman in charge of the project agreed to give Zhan Tianyou a try. Zhan Tianyou made a detailed analysis of the reasons for the failure of various countries, and made a thorough survey of the geological soil at the bottom of Luanhe River. Later, he decided to change the pile location, adopt the traditional method of China, dive into the bottom of the river with divers from China, cooperate with machine operation, successfully complete the piling task, and build the Luanhe River Bridge. This victory has strengthened the ambition of the people of China. 1894, the British Engineering Research Association elected Zhan Tianyou as a member of the Association. Since then, Zhan Tianyou has led the construction of the Beijing-Tianjin Railway and Pingyao Railway (Pingxiang to Liling). In order to please Nala, Yuan Shikai invited the royal family to build a Xinyi Railway (Gaobeidian to Yixian) in 1902 for ancestor worship. Nora is naturally willing to take the train to worship her ancestors. In order not to miss the use of ancestor worship in 1903, Yuan Shikai was ordered to finish it within half a year. Yuan Shikai appointed Zhan Tianyou as the chief engineer. Although this road is of little value, it is the beginning for China people to build their own railways. So Zhan Tianyou still attaches great importance to it. Zhan Tianyou completely abandoned the routine that foreigners had to air dry the roadbed for one year before laying the track. It took only four months to build the Xinyi Railway at a very low cost. It greatly encouraged the people of China to build their own railways and laid a good foundation for the later construction of the Beijing-Zhangjiakou Railway. Building the Beijing-Zhangjiakou Railway?
Zhan Tianyou and his family took a group photo in Wuhan.
Zhangjiakou is the hub of Beijing's entry into Inner Mongolia, the channel for tourists and businessmen from north and south, and has always been a battleground for military strategists. Therefore, the Beijing-Zhangjiakou Railway has important economic and political value. As soon as the news that the Qing court was going to build the Beijing-Zhangjiakou Highway came out, Britain, the most influential country in China, was determined to win. Russia, which regards the north of the Great Wall as its sphere of influence, will never give in and the two sides will not give in to each other. Finally, an agreement was reached: if the Qing court did not borrow foreign debts and needed foreign craftsmen, the road would be built by China people, and neither side could reach out. In this way, the Qing government gave up the idea of asking foreigners for help and devoted itself to self-study. 1905 In May, the Engineering Bureau of Beijing-Zhangjia Railway Administration was established, with Chen Ren as general manager and Zhan Tianyou as general manager and chief engineer. 1906, Zhan Tianyou was promoted to general manager and chief engineer. Zhan Tianyou clearly knows the difficulty of this task. He must first resist cynicism from all sides: some people say that he is "overreaching", "only spending a few dollars" and even "daring". In a letter to Mrs Northrop, an American teacher, he said: "If the Beijing-Zhangjiang project fails, it will be not only my misfortune, but also the misfortune of China engineers, and it will bring great losses to China. Before and after I accepted this task, many foreigners publicly claimed that China engineers could not undertake the arduous work of stone carving and caves on the Beijing-Zhangjiakou line, but Zhan Tianyou insisted that China people build them themselves. This fully embodies the patriotism and sense of national responsibility of China intellectuals. ? Zhan Tianyou has surveyed three routes, and the second detour is too far. The third is today's abundant sand line. Due to the limited funds allocated by the Qing court and the short time, Zhan Tianyou decided to adopt the first route, that is, from Fengtai to Zhangjiakou via Xizhimen, Shahe, Jingnankou, Juyongguan, Badaling, Huailai, Ji Ming Post and Xuanhua, with a total length of 360 miles. The difficulty of the whole line is to close the ditch, where the mountains overlap and the cliffs are steep and varied. The difficulty of the project was not found in the whole country at that time, and it was rare in the world. The slope is very large, and the height difference between Nankou and Badaling is 180. Zhan Tianyou divides the whole line into three sections: Fengtai to Nankou as the first section, Nankou to Kangzhuang as the second section, and the rest as the third section. ?
Jing-Zhang Railway Completion Ceremony
1In August, 905, the Beijing-Zhangjiakou Railway was officially started, and intense exploration and route selection began. Zhan Tianyou personally took students and workers, carrying benchmarks and theodolite, and ran around the rugged mountains day and night. One evening, the fierce northwest wind roared in Badaling area, whizzing past with dust, which made people unable to open their eyes. The survey team finished the work in a hurry, filled in the survey figures and climbed down from the rock wall. Zhan Tianyou took the book, looked through the filled figures and asked doubtfully, "Is the data accurate?" "Almost," replied the surveyor. Zhan Tianyou said seriously: "Our work must be accurate first, and we can't be a little sloppy. The words "probably" and "almost" should not come from engineers. " Then, he picked up the instrument, braved the wind and sand, struggled to climb to the rock wall, carefully re-measured, and corrected a mistake. When he came down, his lips were purple with cold. ? Soon, exploration and construction entered the most difficult stage. At Badaling and Qinglong Bridge, there are overlapping mountains and steep walls hanging rocks. Four tunnels will be opened, and the longest one is 1 100 meters, which is three times that of Juyongguan. After accurate calculation, Zhan Tianyou decided to adopt the method of sectional construction: simultaneously digging from the north and south ends of the mountain, opening a large well in the middle of the mountain, then opening a straight well near Kangzhuang, and then digging from the north and south ends in the well. There are six working faces. This not only ensures the construction quality, but also speeds up the project progress. When digging a hole, I dug a lot of stones by hand and picked out the spewing spring water one by one. Zhan Tianyou, as the chief engineer, has no shelf. He digs stones and carries water with the workers, and his face is covered with mud and sweat. He also encouraged everyone to say, "The Beijing-Zhangjiakou Railway is the first railway that we built with our own people and our own money. The eyes of the whole world are watching us, and we must succeed! " "No matter success or failure, it is definitely not our own success or failure, but the success or failure of our country!" In order to shorten the construction period, Zhan Tianyou came up with the "shaft excavation method" and created the herringbone line for the train to climb the mountain. These methods have played a very important role now. ?
The herringbone line of Beijing-Zhangjiakou Railway
/kloc-0 started construction on September 4th, 905, and/kloc-0 started track laying on February 6th, 2. On the first day of track laying, the coupler chain of an engineering vehicle broke, causing derailment accident. This has become evidence that China people can't build their own railways, and all kinds of slanders have poured in. However, Zhan Tianyou didn't panic, but thought calmly: the slope of this road is extremely high, and the connection performance between cars is slightly unstable, so the accident is hard to avoid. To this end, he used the method of automatic hook and finally solved this problem. ? On September 30th 1906, all the first blocks of the project were opened to traffic, and the second blocks started at the same time. The difficulty lies in the second quarter. First of all, we must open four tunnels: Juyongguan, Wuguitou, Shifosi and Badaling. The longest length of Badaling Tunnel is1.092m.. This requires not only accurate calculation and correct command, but also new mountain cutters, ventilators and pumps. The former is not a problem for Zhan Tianyou, while the latter is not available in China at that time, and it can only be imagined by the hands of workers. But they used the shaft excavation method, digging both sides at the same time, and constructing the outer two sides at the same time. After overcoming many difficulties, the second bid section project was finally completed in September 1908. ?
? Zhan Tianyou, the great grandfather of this family figure, is the 4th1generation descendant of Zhan in Lukeng Village, Wuyuan County. Zhan Wanbang, the thirty-seventh ancestor of Zhan's family and Zhan Tianyou's great-grandfather, was born in the tenth year of Qianlong (A.D. 1745). Zhan Wanbang's father, Zhan Qianjin, is a businessman who opened a grocery store called Dachang in his hometown. He has eight children, and Zhan Wanbang ranks third. Due to the large number of sons and daughters, high expenses, insufficient groceries and heavy debts, the two brothers had to split up and make their own living. Zhan Wanbang is quite ambitious. After his parents died, he decided to move to Gaohushan, the next village, without the legacy of his ancestors. He was listed as a doctor because he read several medical books when he was a child. In the prosperous period of Qianlong, the people got a respite from the long-term war, agriculture developed and commerce gradually flourished. Tea sales in Wuyuan are increasing, and it has become one of the most popular drinks for the upper middle class in the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland. At that time, Wuyuan green tea was processed locally and then transported to Guangzhou Port for export. Due to low prices and high export prices, many tea merchants have made a fortune. Zhan Wanbang was also moved and sold a batch of tea to Guangdong. Who knows that doing business is unfavorable, not only losing blood, but also having no way to go home, so I have to stay in Guangzhou and rely on my old friends and fellow villagers to help me pass the time. At that time, there were many Huizhou merchants in Guangdong, and some Wuyuan people made a fortune in business. After their generosity, Zhan Wanbang opened a small tea shop called Wanfu outside Xiguan, Guangzhou. Small tea shop business is booming, gradually pay off debts, with the rest of the money donated a cadet. At this time, Zhan Wanbang was ambitious and came to Guangdong with his son. He was determined to attach himself to the power of the thirteen lines in Guangzhou and open up a bigger situation. Son Zhan Shiluan lived up to his father's expectations and assisted his father in business, and his business became more developed. Zhan Shiluan realized that he could not do business without official hats, and donated an official with experience as chief secretary to Ru Linlang, who had six official hats. When my father came to Zhan Tianyou's father Zhan Fanxing, the Opium War broke out. The guns of the British invaders blew away the "thirteen lines" that had long controlled export trade, and small foreign trade businessmen in Guangzhou began to decline. Soon, Zhan's tea shop also declared bankruptcy. The Zhan family moved from Guangzhou to support their families by studying and farming. 186 1 On March 27th, 2008, the battle between Taiping Army and Qing government was going on fiercely, and the smoke from the burning of Yuanmingyuan by the British and French allied forces had not been dispersed. Zhan Tianyou was born in a peasant family in Nanhai, Guangdong. In the sixth year of Tongzhi, Zeng Guofan, a warlord from Hunan, became the governor of Liangjiang. Hong Rong, the first Yale graduate in China to study in the United States, gave him an "article" to send children abroad to the United States. Three years later, this "rule" was finally approved by the Qing government. There are 120 international students, divided into four groups, aged from 12 to 15. The Qing government also appointed Hong Rong to Hong Kong to preside over the enrollment work of "sending young children to study abroad". At this time, Zhan had a fellow countryman named Tan Bocun who was doing business in Hong Kong. He likes Zhan Tianyou very much. 187 1 In the spring of, Tan Bocun made a special trip from Hong Kong to the South China Sea to persuade Zhan not to give up the opportunity to study in Zhan Tianyou, saying that this was a "foreign academician" and an "iron rice bowl" for life. Zhan Fanxing hesitated until Tan Bocun promised to marry his fourth daughter (Zhan Tianyou's wife Tan Juzhen) to Zhan Tianyou, and the matter was settled. There are two former residences of Zhan Tianyou in this section. One is the birthplace of Zhan Tianyou. Zhan Tianyou's former residence is located at No.51Dongting Street, Jiang 'an District, Wuhan City, Hubei Province. It was built in 19 12, and was designed and supervised by Zhan Tianyou himself when he was the chief engineer of the Johns-Sichuan Railway Association. ?
Tianyoujie former residence
The former residence of Wuhan, Hubei Province is a western-style two-story building with brick and wood structure. Its sunny east, south and west sides are surrounded by cloisters, of which the east facade cloisters are voucher-shaped, and the south and west facades are cloisters. The main entrance is a figure-of-eight stone step, with the gate and corridor in the middle, showing the layout of the inner corridor. There are three rooms of different sizes on both sides of the upper and lower floors of the corridor, and the right front room upstairs is Zhan Tianyou's bedroom. The top is a red tile roof with four slopes, with attic and tiger windows. In front of the building is a yard with grapes and flowers. Now it is well preserved and displays Zhan Tianyou's former residence. On June 25th, 20001year, Zhan Tianyou's former residence, as an important historical relic and representative building in modern times, was approved by the State Council to be included in the fifth batch of national key cultural relics protection units. Zhan Tianyou's Birthplace and Former Residence Memorial Hall is located at No.42, Budai Lane, Shierfu West Street, Enning Road, Liwan District, Guangzhou. Is authentic xiguan big house, antique blue brick rafters full of clear windows. Don't give up on yourself for others, and don't seek fame. Take people with sincerity, not for personal gain; Guibi tied himself up and thought it was an example. We should learn from each other and do our best to make our country rich and strong and free from foreign aggression, so as to gain a foothold on the earth. Life has its length and fate has its ups and downs. The disillusionment of the original road network made me regret to the end of my life. Fortunately, my life can be turned into a railroad track crawling on the land of China. ...