sealing rod
A, the type of water stop
1, self-adhesive tape
It is a new rubber waterproof material made of butyl rubber filled with plasticizer and other special additives through a special process. It not only fills the pores of concrete soil, but also has good adhesive force with concrete under certain pressure, which makes it integrate with concrete and plays a waterproof and water-stopping role.
Digital rubber waterstop
Self-adhesive water stop has good air tightness, good bonding strength and strong self-adhesion and deformation ability. It can be directly bonded with fresh concrete under certain conditions without binder, which overcomes the problem of peripheral leakage caused by weak bonding force between water-stopping materials and concrete in the past. It has good water resistance, acid and alkali resistance and aging resistance, and can be widely used in water conservancy, hydropower engineering and various industrial and civil construction projects.
Product features of 1. 1
(1) has strong adhesion and large elongation, and can fill various cracks, joints and other gaps under certain pressure.
(2) Good air tightness and water tightness.
(3) It has good weather resistance, corrosion resistance and aging resistance.
(4) It can be bonded with clean and dry interfaces made of different materials.
1.2 scope of use
(1) Sealing and seepage prevention of joints of foundation works, underground facilities, tunnels, water supply and drainage works, culverts and other structures.
(2) Sealing of the interface of treatment tank, sedimentation tank and water supply and drainage pipeline.
1.3 Use and storage requirements
(1) Clean the required seals to make them free of floating ash and dry surfaces.
(2) Spread the self-adhesive water stop along the joint and flatten it.
(3) Take off the release paper and decorate or protect the rubber surface.
(4) When storing for standby or transporting, avoid heavy pressure to prevent material deformation.
2. Product-type water-swellable rubber waterstop
Water-swellable waterstop is a unique new rubber product, which is a general term for putty waterstop and product waterstop with water-swellable properties. This kind of rubber expands and deforms 2-3 times when it meets water, filling all irregular surfaces, cavities and gaps of joints, and at the same time generating huge contact pressure, which is completely leak-proof.
Product-type water-swellable waterstop is a new waterproof material, which not only has the properties of ordinary rubber products, but also has the properties of self-swelling when it meets water. Water-stopping and waterproof effect is more reliable than general rubber water-stopping belt. It has the advantages of high expansion rate after water absorption, no water loss under pressure, no weathering in contact with air, acid and alkali stability, aging resistance and so on. This product is mainly used for waterproofing existing joints in shield construction, and sealing deformation joints and construction joints of buildings.
The picture shows the product-type water stop that expands when it meets water.
2. 1 main functions
A, the rubber expands and deforms at least 1-5 times when it meets water, and all irregular surfaces, cavities and gaps of the joint are filled, at the same time, huge contact pressure is generated, so as to completely prevent leakage;
B. When the joint or construction joint is displaced, resulting in the gap exceeding the elastic range of the material, the common rubber water-stopping material loses its water-stopping function, and the product can also stop water by absorbing water and expanding.
C, using water-swellable rubber as sealing and water-stopping material not only saves the consumption, but also eliminates the characteristic of elastic fatigue caused by excessive compression of general elastic materials, so that the waterproof effect is more reliable and the water resistance, chemical resistance and aging resistance are good.
D, mainly used for waterproof of existing joints, deformation joints of buildings, water stops of construction joints and joints of metal components and concrete prefabricated components by shield method.
2.2 Construction technology
(1) reserved paste method, water-stop groove should be reserved when pouring concrete for the first time (battens can be reserved in the template).
(2) After the first layer of concrete formwork is removed, the surface shall be cleaned to make the joint surface waterless, clean and free of sundries.
(3) Embedding the water stop into the reserved groove. If no groove is reserved, the vertical joint can be pasted with adhesive in full length, or the water stop can be fixed with cement nails and wooden strips; Horizontal joints can be directly pasted on the concrete surface.
(4) Concrete should be poured as soon as possible after the water stop is pasted.
(5) In the process of installation and pasting, the water stop should be prevented from being polluted and affected by water, so as not to affect the use effect.
2.3 Installation method
(1) The construction joint for fixing the water stop should be pasted, and the interface of post-cast strip should be kept dry and smooth. Before construction, scum, dust and objects on the interface should be removed.
(2) After the installation position of the water stop is determined, coat a thin layer of glue on the interface where the water stop needs to be placed and the bottom surface of the water stop, and stick it after the mucus volatilizes for a period of time, or fix the water stop in the installation position with high-strength anchors.
(3) If the concrete interface is wet or uneven, and the adhesive is not firmly fixed, the high-strength anchor can be used to further strengthen the fixation according to the specific situation. ? In short, the water stop must be firmly fixed and closely contacted with the concrete interface to prevent the water stop from leaving the interface and promote impermeability.
3, putty type water stop swelling in water
BW putty type water stop will absorb water and expand 1-5 times when it meets water, which can fill gaps and gaps, make the contact surface with concrete closer and stop water more effectively. The invention has the characteristics of good expansion rate, good water stopping effect, simple construction, easy operation and low cost. The following are the specific characteristics of BW putty-type water stop, hoping to let you know the characteristics of putty-type water stop, so as to achieve perfect water stop effect in construction.
Digital putty water stop
3. The characteristics of1bw putty water stop:
(1) putty-type water stop is easy to operate and low in price.
(2) Swelling in water? 1-5 times.
(3) Is the expansion rate large? When 50% is greater than or equal to 186h, the expansion rate of putty-type water stop is slow.
(4) No dissolved substances will be precipitated after being immersed in water for a long time.
(5) Don't be exposed to the sun for a long time outdoors, and put it in a dry place.
3.2 Construction Technology
(1) reserved paste method, water-stop grooves should be reserved in cast-in-place concrete (battens can be reserved in the template).
(2) After the first layer of concrete formwork is removed, the surface shall be cleaned to make the joint surface waterless, clean and free of sundries.
(3) Embedding the water stop into the reserved groove. If no groove is reserved, the vertical joint can be pasted with adhesive in full length, or the water stop can be fixed with cement nails and wooden strips; Horizontal joints can be directly pasted on the concrete surface.
(4) Concrete should be poured as soon as possible after the water stop is pasted.
(5) In the process of installation and pasting, the water stop should be prevented from being polluted and affected by water, so as not to affect the use effect.
4. grouting pipe swells to stop water when it meets water.
Grouting pipe water stop which swells in water is cheap and easy to install. Under normal circumstances, it relies on the expansion of the water stop itself to stop water. There is no need to cut a groove and drill a hole on the surface of the structure to prevent water leakage in the case of water leakage in the gap. The prepared grouting pipe can be directly injected with chemical slurry, which can be evenly filled in the leaking position, so that the leaking can be stopped conveniently and quickly, which not only saves the construction period and cost, but also achieves the purpose of permanent water stop.
Grouting pipe water stop is suitable for construction joints, post-pouring zones, settlement joints and other building joints of high-grade underground waterproof projects. The water stop with grouting pipe can increase the installation strength of the water stop and make it easier to install, and control its expansion direction. The installation strength of waterproof water stop is easier to install, and control its expansion direction to make the waterproof water stop elongate in the longitudinal direction.
Fig. 2 grouting pipe waterstop expands when it meets water.
Second, the principle of water stop
Water stop is to stop water by absorbing water and expanding, and then squeeze concrete to block the gap. Water-swellable waterstop is a new type of building waterproof material with self-adhesion synthesized by polymer, water-swellable material without opportunity, rubber and additives.
Specifications are generally 20×30mm or 50×50mm.
Third, the advantages and disadvantages of water stop
3. 1 Advantages: convenient construction and low price.
3.2 Disadvantages: The water stop effect is not as good as that of water stop hose and water stop steel plate.
There are many unforeseen problems in the construction process. First, the reinforcement is not well placed. Second, the time is too long, which absorbs moisture and expands, affecting the effect; Third, the construction joints are uneven and have poor contact. Usually, the effect of this method is not ideal.
When the water stop is installed, the groove is too big to be effectively fixed, and too small to be embedded in place. When concrete is poured, it is easy to shift under the buoyancy of concrete.
Fourth, the scope of application of water stop
In recent ten years, the water-swellable waterstop has been widely used in various civil engineering and water conservancy projects because of its scientific water-stopping mechanism, low market price and convenient installation and construction. It can be used in underground waterless buildings, generally used in secondary parts of buildings or parts with lax requirements, such as basement exterior walls and foundation rafts above the groundwater level, mainly to prevent capillary water in soil layers. It is not suitable for the roof of underground garage with covered soil or planted soil on the ground.
waterstop
A, the types of water stop
Rubber waterstops can be divided into embedded rubber waterstops and back-attached rubber waterstops according to their positions in concrete.
Digital water stop
Embedded rubber waterstops are divided into CB type (embedded with holes in the middle) and CP type (embedded without holes in the middle). There are many kinds of materials for embedded rubber water stop, including natural rubber, EPDM, neoprene and so on. In practical application, natural rubber is the main one, and in the subdivision of buried rubber water stop,? 65 1 rubber water stop is the most widely used.
Commonly used rubber waterstop models include: 65 1 rubber waterstop, embedded rubber waterstop, externally attached rubber waterstop, steel edge rubber waterstop, water-swellable rubber waterstop, P-type waterstop, pvc plastic waterstop and water-stop steel plate.
According to the use situation, it can be divided into embedded rubber water stop and back-attached rubber water stop.
According to the appearance, it can be divided into CB-type waterstop (which refers to the embedded waterstop with a hole in the middle), CP-type waterstop (which refers to the embedded waterstop without a hole in the middle), EP-type waterstop (also known as the externally attached waterstop or the back attached waterstop, which refers to the externally attached waterstop with a hole in the middle) and EB-type waterstop (also known as the externally attached waterstop or the back attached waterstop).
The commonly used specifications of rubber water stop are 300×6, 300×8, 300× 10, 350×8, 400× 10mm, etc. The commonly used model is embedded 65 1.
65 1 Common specifications of rubber water stop:
Common widths (mm): 230, 250, 270, 280, 290, 395, 300, 350, 400, etc. Special specifications can be customized. Common thickness (mm): 6, 7, 8, 10mm, etc. Packing: 20m/ roll, 30m/ roll. Can also be customized according to customer requirements.
Second, the principle of water stop
Make and install waterstops to prevent water from penetrating, with widths ranging from 200 to 350. According to the design choice, the seepage diameter is appropriately enlarged. In the process of concrete pouring, it is partially or completely embedded in concrete, which has certain strength and toughness, and is between the water stop and the water stop steel plate.
1, advantages
What are the waterproof materials? Good elasticity, wear resistance, aging resistance, tear resistance, strong adaptability to deformation, good waterproof performance, temperature range? -45℃~+60℃。
2. Deficiencies
There are many sharp stones and sharp steel bars in concrete. Because the tearing strength of plastic and rubber is 3 ~ 5 times lower than the tensile strength, once the water stop is punctured or torn, the crack will expand without great external force. Therefore, in the process of water stop positioning and concrete pouring, attention should be paid to the positioning method and pouring pressure to avoid the water stop being punctured and affecting the water stop effect.
When pouring concrete, the water stop is soft, easy to deform, not straight, and the upper and lower widths are difficult to control. If the lead wire is tied to the steel bar, the water stop will be damaged.
3. Scope of application
The choice of water stop should be based on? The important grade of structure, deformation of deformation joint, water pressure and water stop should be determined by considering the working environment and economic factors. ? It is generally used for vertical water sealing in waterproof parts, such as construction joints, settlement joints and expansion joints of post-poured strip or slab-wall structures with large settlement deformation.
What are the ways to fix the water stop? Additional reinforcement fixing method, special fixture fixing method, lead wire and template fixing method, etc.
If perforation is needed, only the installation area at the edge of the water stop should be selected, and other parts should not be damaged.
If field connection is required, the electric heating plate can be vulcanized or cold bonded (rubber water stop) or welded (plastic water stop).
Water stop construction shall not be exposed in the open air for a long time to prevent rain and contact with highly polluting chemicals; During transportation and construction, prevent machinery and steel bars from damaging the water stop; During construction, the water stop must be reliably fixed to avoid displacement during concrete pouring and ensure the correct position of the water stop in concrete.
Water stop steel plate
A, the definition of water stop steel plate:
The horizontal and vertical members of the basement of a building cannot be poured at one time, so the horizontal construction joints are generally left at the position of 300mm on the foundation slab, and water-stop steel plates are placed at the construction joints. The water-stop steel plate is generally 400mm wide, and the new and old concrete are embedded in half.
The specifications and models of steel plate water stop mainly include 200×2mm, 200×3mm, 300×2mm, 300×3mm, 350×2mm, 350×3mm, 400×4mm, 450×4mm, etc.
Second, the principle of water stop
The joint between new and old concrete is called construction joint, which belongs to the weak link of waterproof concrete. After adding the water-stop steel plate, water can't seep in when it meets the water-stop steel plate along the gap between new and old concrete, and the water-stop steel plate plays a role in cutting off the seepage path.
Even if it permeates along the gap between the water-stop steel plate and concrete, the water-stop steel plate has a certain width, which also prolongs the infiltration path of water and can also play a waterproof role.
The "opening" of the water-stop steel plate faces the front, and the steel plate is closely combined with concrete. The splayed steel plate makes it difficult for groundwater to penetrate from the steel plate along the construction joint.
1, advantages
The connection part of steel plate water stop requires full welding, and the effect is of course very good.
2. Deficiencies
The cost is much higher and the construction speed is slower.
According to the specification, the wall thickness of shear wall with water-stop steel plate should not be less than 250㎜, and the clear distance between water-stop steel plate and steel bar is: wall thickness /2- outer protective layer thickness 50- wall two-way steel bar diameter; When the wall thickness is 250, 250/2-50-30 = 45mm2. The distance between the water-stop steel plate and the wall is small, and the concrete is easy to leak vibration in this part during construction, forming honeycomb holes. Therefore, when using water-stop steel plate, vibration must be strengthened at construction joints. The weak links of this water stop measure are the overlapping part and the 90-degree corner part. It is very difficult to control the 90-degree fillet weld of steel plate, and it is easy to form water leakage points. The welding construction at the corner of steel plate should be controlled as the key link of this process.
3. Scope of application
Suitable for buildings with groundwater, such as pools and other buildings with water, buried in horizontal and vertical construction joints below the groundwater level. The thickness of water-stop steel plate is generally 3㎜, the width is more than 200㎜, and the length is generally processed into 3 meters long or 6 meters long, generally 3 meters, which is convenient for transportation.
During construction, try to ensure that the water stop steel plate is on the center line of the wall. The welding between two steel plates shall be fully welded on both sides, and the overlap of steel plates shall not be less than 200mm. The corner of the wall is usually treated by bending the whole steel plate, T-welding and 7-shaped welding. The support welding of water-stop steel plate can be welded on the main reinforcement with small steel bars. When the water-stop steel plate passes through the column stirrup, the stirrup can be disconnected, made into an open hoop and welded on the steel plate.
abstract
Through analysis and comparison, among the three water stop measures:
Water-stopping is low in cost and convenient in construction, but the water-stopping effect is the worst, and it is generally used for secondary waterproof parts above groundwater level.
Water-stop steel plate has the highest price, the most difficult construction and the best water-stop effect. Generally, it is suitable for vertical and horizontal construction joints below the groundwater level, but it is not suitable for parts with large deformation due to its high stiffness.
The price, performance and construction difficulty of water-stop are between water-stop and water-stop steel plate, and the application scope is wide. Because of its toughness, it is more suitable for parts with large deformation and settlement deformation requirements.