(1) "I" in Tokyo;
Mr. Fujino (2) "I" is in Sendai;
③ Beijing
Wrote six typical examples:
1. Mr. Fujino's first lesson-Mr. Fujino's performance is quite satisfactory, pedantic and slightly stuffy;
2. Forgot to wear a tie in the lecture hall-don't stick to appearance;
3. Supplement and modify the handout copied by "I"-show that Mr. cares about students and is serious and responsible;
4. Mr. Wang corrected the anatomical drawing of "I"-it can be seen that his strict requirements for students are convincing;
5. Teacher Wang cares about the anatomical practice of "I"-showing respect for different cultures and caring about the progress of students' thoughts;
6. Mr. Wang wants to know about China women's foot binding-to show his rigorous and realistic spirit and keen interest in bone science.
This paper reviews the author's sincere memory of Mr. Fujino and praises his noble qualities of integrity, enthusiasm, rigorous scholarship and no narrow national prejudice. The author traces the change of his thought of abandoning medicine and becoming a writer, and is full of strong patriotic thoughts and feelings. This paper narrates according to the passage of time, the change of place and the sequence of events, which has the following characteristics.
1, with clear context and orderly narration:
Based on the communication between the author and Mr. Fujino as a narrative clue, this paper organizes materials around the center of expressing Mr. Fujino's lofty quality. Write Tokyo at the beginning (which is why the author went to Sendai to meet Mr. Fujino), and then use rhetorical questions to make a natural transition. Then I wrote about the preferential treatment I received when I first arrived in Sendai (setting off Mr. Fujino), about my acquaintance, getting along and parting with Mr. Fujino, and finally about my memory of Mr. Fujino after I left Sendai. In addition to recalling Mr. Fujino's bright line, this article also has an internal clue, which is the change of the author's patriotic thoughts and feelings. A lot of materials, such as writing about Japanese students enjoying cherry blossoms and learning to dance in Tokyo, writing about their deep impression on Niri and Mito on their way to Sendai, writing about the incident of Japanese "patriotic youth" picking fights and watching movies in Sendai Medical College, and writers abandoning medicine for literature, all revolve around this internal clue. Therefore, the article is long but the context is clear, and the materials are many but orderly.
2, choose typical cases, grasp the main characteristics, highlight the character quality:
In this paper, four typical examples are written in detail, which show Mr. Fujino's noble quality from different aspects.
The author uses the technique of sketching to describe people's characteristics and sketch a few strokes, which is very vivid. For example, Mr. Fujino, whose works are "black and thin", "bearded", "slow and very depressed", "wearing glasses and carrying a pile of books" and wearing an old coat in winter, vividly depicts the image of a scholar with a simple life and rigorous scholarship. Another example is writing "Students Abroad in Qing Dynasty", which captures the details of braids and can well reflect their ideological essence. At the end of the Qing dynasty, many people with lofty ideals cut their braids to show their break with the Qing dynasty, and these international students had to learn fashion and express their loyalty to the decadent Qing dynasty, so they had to braid their braids. The author describes their braids with exaggerated techniques and teasing tone, revealing the vulgar and decadent ideological essence of these international students and reflecting their disgust.
3. The language is simple and implicit, concise and profound, full of strong feelings:
This reminiscence article is about a "great" person that the author will never forget, and it is a typical thing that shocked the author's soul. Therefore, whether it is the language of lyrical discussion or the language of writing character notes, it is full of emotion. If I miss Mr. Fujino, the author wrote, "But somehow, I always remember him." Of all the teachers I think, he is the one who makes me most grateful and encourages me. " "His personality is great in my eyes and heart ..." Express my gratitude and admiration directly. Another example is to write about the ugly behavior of "students studying abroad in the Qing Dynasty", the deep impression on the way to Sendai, the anonymous letter incident and the film incident, and the behavior of abandoning medicine and following the literature. The lines between the lines are full of the author's deep feelings of worrying about the country and the people.
The article is full of respect, love and nostalgia for Mr. Fujino, but there is no praise. Often in those few words, you feel the sincere feelings of the author from the heart. For example, "I handed over the copied speech and he accepted it." He returned them to me the next day and said that he would give them to him once a week. " This is a seemingly plain narrative language, but it reflects Mr. Fujino's enthusiasm and concern for the author, indicating that he is a conscientious teacher without national prejudice; In addition, the author wrote this story to express his reverence and gratitude to Mr. Fujino. Another example: "When I took it off and opened it, I was surprised, but I was also uneasy and grateful." This "anxiety and gratitude" is profound, but the author did not write some words of praise and expression of feelings, but calmly and truly described the reasons for "anxiety and gratitude": "It turns out that my speech was added and revised in red pen from beginning to end, not only adding many omissions, but also correcting Lian Wenfa's mistakes one by one. This situation continued until he finished his courses: orthopedics, vascular science and neurology. In this passage, we pay attention to several words that the author deliberately chooses (words added in the sentence), which can make us realize how strong the author feels about Mr. Fujino and how much he respects him. Examples like this can be seen everywhere in this article. [Edit this paragraph] III. Themes and methods of expression Mr. Fujino's theme is a hot topic in teaching and research in recent years. It is said that it is mainly based on the evolution of the author's thoughts and feelings, patriotism runs through the whole article like a red line, and the theme is not about Mr. Fujino; It is said that the theme idea is Mr. Fujino's excellent quality, and it is secondary to express the author's patriotic feelings; Some equate the two, thinking that the theme is not only to praise Fujino, but also to describe their patriotic ideological course.
The theme of any work is closely related to the theme and is contained in a certain theme. Generally speaking, Mr. Fujino's theme is the author's life fragments during his study in Sendai, including: the living conditions when he first arrived in Sendai; When I met Mr. Fujino, Mr. Fujino helped him revise the handout; Two unforgettable things during my study: the test paper storm and the "movie" incident, and "farewell" and so on. The conclusion must be drawn from the concrete analysis of the works. Let's follow the author's thinking and see how the article is written and how it is written.
Tokyo is nothing more than this: In Ueno Park, which is full of cherry blossoms, we saw the ugly performance of a group of "Daqing" brand dude who have no ambition to save the country but are proud of the "braid" symbolizing national oppression and feudal rule, and the concierge of international students who should have bought some books was also messed up by them! Lu Xun came across the sea with the ambition of "I recommend Xuanyuan with blood", but I didn't expect Tokyo to be as smoky as Nanjing. Disappointment, pain, disgust, resentment, and a strong desire to learn a skill to serve the motherland are all contained in this affectionate sentence. Ambition and gray environment formed a sharp contradiction, and I had to leave him. So "I have made up my mind to study medicine after graduating from preparatory school in Tokyo". After bidding farewell to boring Tokyo, I got "preferential treatment" when I arrived in Sendai: not only did the school not charge tuition fees, but the staff also worried about accommodation; Of course, what makes him more happy is that he "heard a lot of fresh charity" after that. Just then, Mr. Lu Xun met Mr. Fujino Genkuro, a professor of anatomy.
Above, I wrote about my living environment and mental state before I met Fujino. Then, I turned to the narrative point: I wrote Fujino directly.
Through the first description of Mr. Fujino's appearance, clothes and tone, especially adding and modifying notes for "I", correcting the drawing of blood vessels, encouraging "I" to dissect the corpse boldly, the author positively praised Mr. Fujino's excellent qualities and personality characteristics such as simplicity, honesty, loyalty to academics and painstaking research. Fujino's attention to "I" shows the characteristics of a rigorous scholar and a persuasive teacher, which is in contrast with the staff who wrote "Things are rare" before. Then, two unforgettable things in Sendai's experience are described in detail: the paper storm and the lessons of the film. These two things can be said to be "interspersed"; But it has nothing to do with writing Fujino. Here, some Japanese youths who have been poisoned by narrow nationalism and militarism and are very jealous are used to compare Mr. Fujino's integrity, selflessness and broadmindedness. In contrast, Fujino's image is higher. Since then, because of the insult and stimulation of the current movie events, "my view has changed": I resolutely gave up medicine and went into literature, so naturally I had to say goodbye to Mr. Fujino. The details of Farewell are particularly touching. Students' "lies to comfort him" and Mr. Wang's sad sigh, as well as accepting invitations, giving photos and parting words. With limited words, there is infinite affection! After I left Sendai, I still didn't leave to write about Mr. Fujino, just from another angle: I wrote about Mr. Fujino's influence on me, my attachment to my husband, my inspiration and strength from my husband-in short, I wrote a "permanent memorial" buried in my heart.
It can be seen that the full text is written by Mr. Fujino from beginning to end as shown in the title. Praising and remembering Mr. Fujino's excellent quality is the central content of the whole article. According to the narrative of the intersection with Fujino, the full text naturally forms three parts: knowing the situation before Fujino, knowing all kinds of things after Fujino, and remembering after parting from Fujino. The article narrates in chronological order before going to Sendai, after going to Sendai and after leaving Sendai.
However, the content of this work is much richer than that mentioned above, and its theme is not limited to the personal praise and memory of Fujino. If you think further: Why can Mr. Fujino care so much about a China student? What determines the profound friendship between Lu Xun and Fujino? What is the basis of this friendship? Why did Lu Xun especially thank Mr. Fujino? I think this is the deeper content that the work tells us, and the place where the theme of the work is dug deeper, which naturally becomes the place where we need to explore more to understand the theme of the work.
In the rigorous structure and concise words, the author occasionally or directly points out that Fujino's special care and careful cultivation for Lu Xun, an international student, is based on his sympathy and respect for his patriotic spirit. It can also be said that Lu Xun's ambition to save the country and the people attracted and moved Mr. Fujino. This point is not detailed in the details directly described by Fujino in the article. However, it goes without saying that the only spirit for China students to work hard is in their studies, that is, in their lives, such as the hard life of sleeping without fear of mosquito bites and eating and drinking inedible taro soup. Fujino, as a teacher, would never have heard of it, even if he had never seen it.
In fact, after Lu Xun's death, Fujino had the impression that although he was in a foreign land, he did not feel bitter. It can be seen that he saw the young man's ambition to work hard to revive the country. Can't we get a glimpse of Fujino's thoughts through some detailed descriptions? After describing the communication with Fujino, there is a passage that clearly describes Mr. Fujino's ideological motivation, that is: "His earnest hope and tireless teaching for me, in short, is for China, that is, I hope that China will have new medicine; In general, it is for academics, that is, I hope that new medicine will spread to China. " This wonderful conversation is the crowning touch of the whole article. Of course, the theme of the work is expressed through narration, description and discussion in all aspects, not just in this discussion; But the discussion here is the sublimation of the theme, which makes a deeper exploration of Mr. Fujino's moral praise. As a scholar, Fujino looks at medicine all over the world, hoping to contribute to the development of new medicine. "Academic" is the principle of all his thoughts and actions. He set out from the big goal of "for academics" and "for China"-"I hope new medicine will appear in China". In him, "for China" and "for academics" are the same. This is the most concentrated expression of the great "character" of an upright scholar who has sympathy and respect for students from "weak countries" and is committed to the medical cause. Lu Xun went to Sendai to study medicine, hoping to make China rich and strong with medicine, so "for China" and "for academics" are also consistent.
In a word, "for China" and "for learning" are not only the starting point of Fujino's love for Lu Xun, but also the basis of their friendship between teachers and students. These six words really raised Fujino's ideological and moral character and personality characteristics to a high level. I am most grateful to Mr. Fujino, in the final analysis, for his lofty thoughts and moral character of "for China" and "for academics". Although Mr. Wang's good wishes are only based on the scientific theory of saving the country, this theory of saving the country held by Lu Xun has been shattered by the ruthless reality in Sendai, so he abandoned medicine and joined the literature, and his patriotism and revolutionary democratic thoughts have made new development; Although Fujino didn't quite understand Lu Xun's dropping out of school and changing his wish, as a kind and upright Japanese scholar, it is very valuable to sympathize with and respect the aspirations of a "weak country" student and adopt a sympathetic attitude.
As mentioned above, on the one hand, it is patriotic ambition and ambition, on the other hand, it is sympathy and respect for this patriotism. Loving China and "for China" are the channels to communicate between two hearts, the ties to maintain the friendship between the two hearts, and the internal clues (or trunk) of the works. The basic content of the whole article is to describe the teacher-student relationship between the author and Fujino, and to praise Fujino's lofty moral character. As the internal clue that runs through the whole article, it is patriotism-to be more complete, it is the author's patriotic thoughts and feelings, and it is Fujino's respect for it. The relationship between them is bright and dark, external and internal. In this way, the spirit of patriotism and Fujino's quality are not antagonistic, but complementary. This is the key to understanding the theme.
In a word, Lu Xun's Memories of Japanese Life takes Mr. Fujino as the central content and the author's patriotic thoughts and feelings as the internal clue. Through direct description and indirect expression, he deeply praised Mr. Fujino's upright and noble ideology and morality, serious scientific attitude and meticulous work style, especially his great spirit of "for academics" and "for China" and its profound influence on the author himself. This article, from content to form, is unpretentious. It explores such a profound theme without relying on amazing themes, bizarre stories and beautiful language. There is a saying in an ancient paper: "It's hard to make it clear." Mr Fujino is an example.