What are China Quyi?

There are many kinds of Quyi in China, including talking, rhyming, sitting, standing, talking and singing, and singing and dancing. According to the script characteristics, performance forms and musical forms, it can be generally classified into five categories: storytelling, cross talk, allegro, drum music and rap books. The feature of storytelling is that only one actor tells the story without singing. "Comment" means to comment with comments. Li Yu said that storytelling is "talk in the street, talk in the street, and tell the story directly" in "Casual Stories". Storytelling is generally told in Mandarin, and some people use local dialects, such as Sichuan Storytelling and Hubei Storytelling. Lian Kuoru (192-1971), a famous storytelling performance artist, was superior to others in terms of his unique insights in storytelling. His good books include Romance of the Eastern Han Dynasty and Romance of the Three Kingdoms. During his lifetime, he often broadcast lectures on radio stations, which made him famous in Kyoto. He once praised "Every family listens to storytelling and cleans the streets and lanes of Lian Kuoru". In recent years, Liu Lanfang, a middle-aged actor of Anshan Quyi Troupe, said the ballad "The Story of Yue Fei", which warmly and sincerely praised the national hero Yue Fei and mercilessly lashed the traitor Qin Gui and other scum, and achieved the goal of saying new things about old books, commenting new things about old books, loving the audience's love and hating the audience's hate, and was welcomed by hundreds of millions of listeners. An actor, a piece of awakening wood and a fan have produced the artistic charm of "all with one mouth, the whole stage roared with thunder". Crosstalk is developed from folk jokes, which has the characteristics of being relaxed, lively, funny and witty. It can also increase the knowledge of the masses and meet the requirements of mass culture and entertainment through humorous language and performance. The most common form is one person's stand-up and two people's fighting counterparts. There are few people performing in groups of more than three people. The one-man show in the south (funny) and the photo book in Sichuan all belong to this category. Hou Baolin, the most famous crosstalk performer, has made great contributions to the innovation and improvement of crosstalk art. In the 193s, he studied with famous crosstalk performers such as Zhu Kuoquan and Xu Degui, and made his debut in Beijing in 1939. For more than forty years, in speaking, learning, teasing and singing, he learned from others and was good at learning to sing Peking Opera and local operas. Try to be vivid, vivid, concise and pure in language; Advocating humor and opposing loquacity; Emphasis on improving the style of crosstalk art. His representative works include Drama Miscellaneous Talks, Guan Gong's War with Qin Qiong, and Changing careers. Hou Baolin retired from the stage in 1979, mainly engaged in the research of crosstalk art. Allegro includes Allegro, Allegro (Talibao), Shandong Allegro, Tianjin Allegro, Bamboo Book and other genres. It is recited by one or two actors, accompanied by bamboo boards, knots and copper plates (mandarin ducks). Allegro was originally a simple narrative, with no storyline, a dry board and a fast rhythm. After adding the story and characters, it developed into Allegro. Shandong Kuaishu evolved from Bamboo Allegro, mainly telling the story of Wu Song. Gao Yuanjun, a famous Shandong fast-writing artist, was on the verge of despair in Jiangnan before liberation. After joining the army in the early days of liberation, with the help of the army's Quyi workers, he devoted himself to the renovation, innovation and popularization of Kuaishu, which made Kuaishu develop more generally among the soldiers, workers and peasants. Over the past 3 years, he has collaborated with others to create more than a dozen new tracks such as "One Car with Sorghum and Rice", sorted out more than a dozen traditional programs, and summarized his experience in creation and performance. The 4,-word Selected Works of Gao Yuanjun Shandong Express Books published in 1982 reflects the pioneering role played by this master in the reform, innovation, popularization and improvement of the art of express books. Drum music has strong musicality, mainly singing lyrics. Two-thirds of the songs in Quyi belong to this category. To sum up, it can be divided into seven types: (1) Tanci Tanci prevails in southern China. Generally, two people play and sing, one plays Sanxian and the other plays Pipa, talking and singing, which is called double gear. There is also a man who plays and sings himself. Suzhou Tanci and Yangzhou Tanci have exactly the same performance form, and pay attention to "speaking and singing". The "book hat" sung before the book is opened is called "opening". Suzhou Tanci has a variety of schools with their own characteristics. At present, the main schools are Jiang Yuequan's Jiang tune, Zhu Xueqin's Qin tune, Xu Lixian's Li tune, Hou Lijun's Hou tune and Yang Zhenxiong's Yang tune. (2) Big drums are popular in North China and Northeast China. Usually accompanied by three strings, the actors sing with drums. Some don't have to be accompanied by musical instruments, but only sing with drums. It is the product of the Yellow River basin, prevailing in the late Qing Dynasty, and evolved from folk songs. One of the earliest northern drums is the Ploughshare Drum (namely, Shandong Drum and Pear Drum), and its melody is developed from a folk song combined with productive labor in the rural areas of northern Shandong, with strong local color and simple and healthy local flavor. Why is it called "Big Drum"? There are several different versions of this. It is said that the drum is developed from farmers' yangko, and farmers sometimes beat the drum to lead and send songs. The yangko drum was originally very big, but later it was changed into a small drum with reference to the flat drum used by monks to teach soil. It is said that in the past, drum lyrics were good at performing large books, such as Romance of the Three Kingdoms, Romance of Sui and Tang Dynasties, etc., so the drum lyrics in charge of large books were called "Drum Book", which is called drum for short. There is also a saying that drumming is to attract audiences and bring everyone together, that is, "telling stories by drumming", which was later misrepresented as "Drum Book". In a word, no matter how to explain it, there is no doubt that the drum is born and raised from the folk. There are more than 2 kinds of drums in China, and most of them are named by region. Such as Xihe Drum, Shandong Drum, Jingyun Drum, Laoting Drum, Beiban Drum, JD.COM Drum, Fengdiao Drum, and Pinggu Drum, Tangshan Drum, Nanyang Drum, Shangdang Drum, Northeast Drum, Anhui Drum, Heluo Drum, Hubei Drum, Taiyuan Drum, Guangxi Drum, Changsha Drum, Jiangxi Drum, Jiaodong Drum and Huainan Drum. According to musical instruments, there are iron drums, wooden drums, plum drums, pear drums and voiceless drums.