Jie, the emperor of Xia Dynasty

Jie (jie Jie), also known as Gui and Lu Gui. The year of birth and death is unknown. Fa Zi. One said that the son of Gao was the younger brother of Fa. The last king of the Xia Dynasty, who succeeded him. The following is a brief introduction to Emperor Xia Jie, the last ruler of the Xia Dynasty. Welcome to read it.

Brief introduction to Emperor Xia Jie, the last ruler of the Xia Dynasty

Jie was brutal in his politics and extravagant and debauched. They killed people at will and destroyed agricultural production. Excessive conquest of foreign countries. The Shi family attacked, and the Shi family offered their daughter Xi to Jie, and she was favored by Jie. Jie made a wine pool and was busy with political affairs. Guan Longfeng, an official who spoke out and dared to remonstrate, was killed. He once imprisoned Tang in Xiatai. In the southeast of Youyuan (now Jining, Shandong), he made a strong alliance with the princes and attacked and destroyed the Youmin family (now northeast of Jinxiang, Shandong). Later, Shang Tang rose up in the east and sent troops to conquer Xia. He was defeated in Mingtiao (now east of Fengqiu, Henan). He floated on the river with his sister and rushed to the mountains of Nanchao (southeast of today's Chaoxian County, Anhui) to die. Xia died around the ninth century BC.

Jie’s capital was Zhenxun, which was dozens of miles away from present-day Luoyang. Jie was a subjugated king of the Xia Dynasty and the first famous licentious tyrant in the history of our country. Jie was extremely powerful, relying on his brute force to often hurt people for no reason. Indiscriminate conquests were carried out to extort small states. After he succeeded in conquering small countries, he would force beautiful women. For example, when Jie attacked the Minshan clan, the chief of the Minshan clan was forced to donate two beauties to him. Jie carved the names of the two beauties on jade, and named one Wan and the other. Called Yan. He launched an army to attack the Shi family, who was forced to give his sister Xijin to Jie as his concubine. Jie doted on Mei Xi very much, and specially built a magnificent palace, elephant gallery, Yaotai and jade bed for her for their debauchery and shameless enjoyment. The burden of all this falls on the people. The people are in extreme pain and dare to get angry but dare not speak out.

Lots of silk to tear. However, many of Xia Jie's circumstances recorded in historical books are based on the opinions of later generations, and some of the plots are exaggerated and untrue. For example, ancient books say: Jie had 30,000 female musicians, all wearing cotton embroidered silk clothes. The sound of music can be heard everywhere. ? And Jie built a wine pond and a meat forest, where men and women chased each other naked, drinking and having fun day and night. The wine pond was big enough for a boat to sail. When Meixi saw drunken people drowning in the wine pond, she laughed and thought it was amusement. In ancient times, productivity was low, and there may not be conditions for Jie to be so wasteful. However, these materials reveal the historical fact that Xia Jie ignored political affairs and indulged in a debauched and decadent life all day long.

In addition, Xia Jie reused bad guys and intensified the exploitation and suppression of the people. There were several evil men beside Jie, named Tuiduo and Daxi, who gave Xia Jie bad ideas and told him cruel killing methods. There was also a man named Gan Xin, who was a flattering villain. Xia Jie entrusted him with great power. Gan Xin conveniently used the power in his hands to plunder the wealth of the princes, invade the common people, and commit all kinds of evil. Xia Jie's perverse behavior aroused strong resentment among the people. In order to maintain his dominance, Xia Jie boasted that not only would his regime not perish, but it could even survive with the Japanese. He said: "There is a sun in the sky, just as I have people, how can the sun perish? If the sun perishes, I will perish too." Because Xia Jie compared himself to the sun like this, the people cursed him: "The sun is in mourning, and both he and his daughters will perish." ?Meaning, when will this sun perish? We would rather die with it. It can be seen that the class contradictions in society at that time had further intensified.

The people's resistance promoted the division and collapse of the Xia Dynasty's ruling group

In the thirty-seventh year after Jie ascended the throne, Tang, the leader of the Eastern Shang tribe, sent Yi, a wise man with both ability and political integrity, to Yin introduced him to Jie. Yi Yin persuaded Jie with the benevolent governance of Yao and Shun, hoping that Jie would understand the sufferings of the people and govern the world with heart. Jie couldn't listen, so Yi Yin had to leave. In his later years, Jie became even more debauched and even ordered someone to build a large pool, which he called the Night Palace. He led a large group of men and women in the pool and stayed away from court for a month. Taishi ordered Zhonggu to remonstrate with tears, but Jie was very impatient and scolded Zhonggu for meddling in his own business. Zhonggu knew that Xia Jie was hopeless, so he defected to Shangtang. Minister Guan Longfeng came to remonstrate again and said: "The emperor is humble and trustworthy, frugal and cares for the talented, so that the world can be stable and the dynasty can be stable." Now your Majesty is extravagant and murderous, making the people hope that you will perish soon. Your Majesty has lost the hearts of the people. Only by correcting his mistakes quickly can we restore the hearts of the people.

After hearing this, Jie cursed Guan Longfeng angrily, and finally ordered him to be killed. In this way, Jie gradually lost the support of the people and caused people to rebel against his relatives.

Political brutality and corruption not only aggravated internal conflicts, but also caused separation and rebellion in the surrounding tribes and states.

The first was the Kunwu clan's rebellion, but it soon subsided. Kunwu was located southwest of Puyang in present-day Henan. The area where Kunwu was active was a copper-producing center at that time. Copper was very precious in ancient times and could be used to make weapons. Then the Yi people also raised troops to invade the territory and entered the area between Qi and Qi in today's Shaanxi Province. ?Later, the princes Youmin raised the flag of rebellion again.

The Youmin clan was located in Jinxiang County, Shandong Province today. It was originally a small vassal country in the east of the Xia Dynasty. At this time, it took the lead in rebelling against the Xia Dynasty. Jie joined the princes in Youyi (now southeast of Jining, Shandong Province). , attack and destroy the Youmin clan. If this theory is credible and Xia Jie still has the power to suppress this small country, then this is just the end of his power. Then came the rebellion and rebellion of the powerful Shang tribe Fang State, which finally overthrew the Xia Dynasty regime.

The rise of Shang had a great impact on the surrounding small countries. Some tribes and Fang states that were dissatisfied with the rule of the Xia Dynasty gathered around Shang. The Shang tribe became a banner in the east against the Xia regime. When the Shang clan spread to Chengtang, it had developed into a great vassal state. Tang was a wise king. The ancients said that he worked hard and stayed up late at night, paid little taxes and paid little, spread laws and gave benefits, hung himself to inquire about illnesses, and the people loved him. Cheng Tang also received help from Zhong Hui, Yi Yin and others. Zhong Hui was a descendant of a noble family. Yi Yin was originally a close servant of Lord Youxin. Cheng Tang proposed to You Xin, and Yi Yin came to Cheng Tang as You Xin's dowry slave. Taking advantage of the opportunity of serving food at the banquet, he persuaded Cheng Tang to win over people's hearts and destroy the Xia Dynasty. So Cheng Tang immediately promoted Yi Yin from a cook to his military advisor. The continuous development of the Shang clan caused Xia Jie's uneasiness. So he gathered the leaders of the tribes from various countries in Xiatai (in today's Yu County, Henan Province) and detained Chengtang under the pretext. Yi Yin and others heard that Cheng Tang had been detained, so they sent Jie a large number of rare treasures. Seeing that Cai was heart-warming, Jie released Tang. After Cheng Tang returned, he further planned with Yi Yin and others to destroy Xia.

Tang Mie Xia also experienced a series of wars

Cheng Tang first used an excuse to kill Ge Bo, and then killed Wei (east of Huaxian County, Henan Province), who helped Jie to commit violence. Gu (southeast of Fan County, Shandong Province), and in order to test Xia Jie's attitude and strength, decided to stop paying tribute to Jie. Jie was very angry and immediately raised the troops of Jiuyi to prepare to attack the Shang clan. Seeing that Jie still had a certain appeal, Cheng Tang, Yi Yin and others adopted the strategy of doubling tribute to Jie. Xia Jie's greed was fulfilled, so he ordered the Jiuyi divisions to go back. The next year, Chengtang stopped paying tribute to Jie again. At this time, Jie's attempt to mobilize the troops of Jiuyi failed. Except for a few princes known as "Xia Bo" who still obeyed Xia Jie's command, "Nine Barbarians' Division" could not afford it. Xia Jie was isolated and helpless. Seeing that the time was ripe, Shang Tang first destroyed Kunwu, occupied the copper production area, used copper to make a large number of weapons, and then mobilized his army to fight Jie decisively.

Before the Xia and Shang armies faced each other at Mingtiao (east of Fengqiu, Henan), Tang recounted Xia Jie's brutal behavior at the swearing-in meeting. This was later preserved in "Shang Shu" "Tang "Oath" chapter. Tang said in his oath: ?You Xia committed many crimes and was destined to be punished by fate. ?(?Xia's sins are too deep, and God wants to destroy it.?)?You still help one person, and God will punish you by giving him a great gift. ?(?As long as you are willing to help me and follow the will of God to punish the Xia people, I will reward you greatly.?) Jie got the news and led his troops to rush to issue a note. The two armies were fighting, and Jie climbed to the top of a nearby hill to watch the battle. Suddenly it rained heavily, and Jie hurried down from the top of the mountain to take shelter. The officers and soldiers of the Xia army were originally unwilling to sacrifice their lives for Jie. At this time, they also took the opportunity to flee. Xia Jie couldn't stop it and had to flee into the city in panic. The Shang army followed closely; Jie did not dare to stay for long, so he hurriedly took Mei Xi and Zhen Bao on a small boat and crossed the river to escape to Nanchao (today's Chao County, Anhui Province). Later, he was caught up and captured by Tang and exiled here.

At this time, Jie did not regret it, but said bitterly: "I really regret that I didn't kill Tang in Xiatai Prison!"