1.
Nalan Xingde, Nalan (Nala, Nala) surname, named Xingde.
Mingzhu, whose courtesy name is Duanfan and whose surname is Nala.
But the Nala clan is also divided into Yehenala clan, Hadanala clan and Ulanala clan (or Ulanala clan) according to their tribes.
The pearl is the Nala clan, which belongs to the Yehe tribe, so it can also be said to be the Nala clan of Yehe. Therefore, Nalan Xingde can also be said to be Yehenala.
Just like Aixinjueluo is just a small clan of the Jueluo clan, the Jueluo clan is a major Manchu surname with branches such as Shushujueluo, Ergenjueluo, and Xilinjueluo.
2.
Soni, a native of the Qing Dynasty. Hesheli.
Suo'etu, Sony's second son, since he is Sony's son, his surname is also Heshel.
Both of them are Hesheli.
Sony is a Manchu transliteration of the name, which means "yours" when translated into Chinese.
3.
Why do Manchu people inherit the first character of their names from their parents?
I don’t know who you are referring to
If it is Sony and Suo'etu, it is just a coincidence because their names are all in Manchu.
If you are talking about the names of the sons of Emperor Qianlong, those names are based on Chinese meanings.
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Attach at last
Manchu Characteristics of the name
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The Manchu people are one of the members of my country’s multi-ethnic family. The Manchu people have made important contributions to the formation and consolidation of the Chinese ethnic family. From the perspective of historical materialism, it is an important part of our study of Manchu culture and folk customs to comprehensively understand and correctly evaluate the political, economic, cultural and folk custom issues of the Manchu people in history, and to understand the styles and changes of early Manchu names. This article will talk about my personal views on how the Manchu people were named in history.
1. Naming with animal names
Manchus in modern my country speak Chinese and use Chinese characters. There is basically no difference between the names of Manchus and Hans, and their structures are generally the same. It is three characters or two characters including the surname. But in history, the Manchus had their own language and characters, and the names of Satisfied people were not what they are now. At that time, the Manchu people named their children in Manchu and recorded and written names in Manchu. In addition, the Manchu people also like to name their children after various animals, which is very different from the naming habits of other ethnic groups. For example, the name "Nurhachi" is originally a transliteration of the Manchu nurhaci (note: Manchu is spelled in Roman letters here. The same below), which means "wild boar skin". It turns out that the Manchus who lived in the Changbai Mountains in the 16th century and lived a half-agricultural and half-animal husbandry life were accustomed to name their children after certain parts of certain animals. Nurhachi's parents hoped that their eldest son would be as brave and invincible as a wild boar in the forest and as tough as a wild boar's skin. They hoped that he would become a brave and fearless person in the future. The name of Nurhachi's third brother "Shurhaci" means "little wild boar". Nurhachi's fourth brother "Yarhaci" means "leopard skin". The eldest son of Emperor Shunzhi, "nionio" means "eyeball". Nurhachi's fourteenth son "dorgon" means "badger son". The son of Nurhachi's eldest son, "Dudu" means "mountain dove". Other famous Manchu figures in the early Qing Dynasty such as the famous general Shu Mulu from Zhenghuang Banner, whose name "lenggeri" means "Shuo Rat". "Ihaci" (ihaci) of the Fucha family of the Xianghong Banner people means "cow hide". "Haita" (haita) of the Manchurian Nala family of Xianghuang Banner means "wild boar".
"Heilun" (hailun) of the Guarjia family from Zhenghuang Banner in Tieling means "otter skin". "Salha" of Nala's family from Zhengbai Banner means "Honey Rat". Zhengbai Manchu "hunqi" means "sheepskin". Albazi, the man with the white banner, is "Yihan" which means "cow". "Kulqin" of the Guarjia clan from the Zhenghuang Banner means "Dendrobium fighting fish". "Dahan" of Guarjia's family from Zhengbai Banner means "little pony". "Erhe" in Zhenghuang Banner means "frog". "Arsalan" of the people with yellow flags means "lion". "Duobi" of the people with white flags means "fox", etc. The above names all have their own specific meanings. From a linguistic point of view, these words that represent animal names are common nouns. These children, of course, continue to use these names when they grow up. This kind of naming after an animal or a certain part of an animal represents the ancient national custom and basic style of naming children by the Manchus in the early Qing Dynasty.
Manchu people have many animals in their names, which is a national custom. This kind of folk custom is the product of specific historical and economic conditions. The Manchus are an ancient fishing and hunting nation, so they naturally have fishing and hunting culture in their folk customs. However, we cannot understand the naming habits of the Manchus based on the naming habits of the Han people. There are also some names that are common nouns, such as: Muharlian (projectile), Bula (thorn), Bolpu (saddle head), Feyangu (little finger), Akzan (thunder), Bolo (straw hat) , Harha (shoe upper), Hailan (elm), Asu (net), etc. Although these human names are not animal names, they are nouns, and they are common nouns. Naming with these common nouns is also rare among other brother ethnic groups.
2. Naming with Manchu numbers
The Manchu people also have the habit of naming with Manchu numbers: susai (fifty), the Fucha family in Ehekulun, Xiang White flag man. Wuyunzhu (uyunju, ninety), a native of Changbai Mountain, Niu Hulu family, Zhengbaiqi Baoyi. Ming'an (minggan, thousand), Guarjia clan in Wula area, was from Zhenglan Banner. Ming'an (minggan, thousand), the Nala clan of Hada, is wrapped with a blue flag. Ilaci (third) was a Sakda clan from Ningguta, a native of Xianghuang Banner. Ilaqi (ilaci, third) was a member of the Gezile family in Yalan, a native of the Zhenglan Banner. Ilaci (third), the Hesheli family in Huifa, is from the Zhenglan Banner. Ningguqi (Ningguci, sixth) was a member of the Guarjia family in Gaiji, a native of the Xilan Banner. Sunjaci (fifth) was a Niuhele family from Langjia area and a native of Zhenghuang Banner. Wu Yuqi (uyuci, ninth), Niu Hulu clan in Zakumu area, was from Zhengbai Banner. Nadanju (nadanju, seventy), Zhangjia family, was born in Xiangbai Banner during the Qianlong Dynasty. The above names are all Manchu names randomly extracted from the "General Genealogy of the Eight Banners and Clans of Manchuria". It can be seen from this that the Manchu people like to use Manchu numbers as their names.
3. There are many adjectives in the names
Mu Zhang'a, Guo Jia's family, was a Manchurian from Xianglan Banner. He was the minister of military aircraft at the time of Daoguang. Here we will briefly talk about one of the characteristics of Manchu names using "Mu Zhang'a". Like the "transliterated" Manchu name mentioned earlier, "Mu Zhang'a" is also a transliterated personal name. It turns out to be a Manchu adjective. The pronunciation is "mujangga". It originally meant "real, real". The word "A" means "of". The pronunciation of "Ah" is "ngga". There is no such sound in Chinese, so we have to use "A" instead. This means that Mu Zhang'a's parents and other elders hope that the newborn will live a true and sincere life in the future.
As for the adjective Manchu names with "A" at the end of the word, you can newly discover the names "××A" and "×××A" by reading the "General Genealogy of the Eight Banners Clan in Manchuria" and "General Chronicles of the Eight Banners" There are more than a thousand Manchu names. Therefore, it can be said that the word "A" at the end of the word is another important symbol of Manchu transliteration of personal names.
Moreover, these names with "ngga" (ngga) can be verified to have their original meaning in Manchu. For example, "bayangga" (bayangga) of Sakda from the Xiangbai Banner means "rich"; Yi from the Xianghuang Banner Ergenjueluo's family is "fulunggga", which means "grand"; Fucha's family from Xianghuang Banner is "hafungga", which means "safe"; Wanyan's family from Zhenglan Banner is "zha" "Long'a" (jalungga), which means "full"; "Yangsangga" (yangsangga), which means "literary" from the Ergenjueluo family of the People with the Red Banner, etc. The Manchu semantic meanings of the above names can be verified through research. These people were all relatively famous figures in the Qing Dynasty.
There is also an adjective personal name with the suffix "amount", which was originally a substitute for the Manchu "ngge" when transcribed, and its meaning is equivalent to the Chinese "的". For example, the name "kicengge" (kicengge) of the Kuyala family from the Xianghong banner means "diligence"; the "fengshenge" (fengxengge) name of the Niu Hulu family from the Xianghuang banner, who was the counselor and minister of the Qianlong Dynasty and the Minister of Lifanyuan. It is "blessed and blessed". The above are all examples of adjectives used as Manchu names. Looking up "Tongpu" and "Tongzhi", there are a large number of Manchu names composed of this form.
In addition, the adjectives also include the following Manchu people: Saharian (black), the Jingli family from the Zhenghuang banner; Bor Zhongguo (simple), the Namutulu family from the red banner; Buer Ji (Yise), the Zhaojia family from the Zhenglan Banner; Hatan (Ganglie), the Shumulu family from the Zhengbai Banner; Azige (small), the 12th son of Nurhaci; Akdun (Jiang), the Zhenglan Banner person. Jinshi in the 48th year of Kangxi's reign, etc. It can be seen that there are a large number of Manchu adjectives in Manchu names in history.
4. Name with verb words
There is also an early Manchu name, which is called a verb name. For example: guninbu (guninbu, Fucha family from the Zhenglan Banner in the late Qing Dynasty, General Fuzhou) means "to make the will strong"; Ilibu (ilibu, Guarjia family from the Xianghong Banner in the late Qing Dynasty) means "to make one stand"; Sirabu (sirabu, a native of Zhengbai Banner in the early Qing Dynasty) means "envoy to inherit". In various "Tongpu", "Tongzhi" and "Manchu Dictionary", there are many Manchu names composed of "XX cloth". Therefore, the word "Bu" can also be regarded as a symbol of Manchu people's naming. In summary, the Manchu names from "Nurhaci" to "XXA", "XXE", "XXGE", "XXBU", etc. can be summarized as the following characteristics:
① Early Manchu names expressed Manchu meanings based on Manchu pronunciation. ②When transcribed in Chinese characters, the name can be written as two or more Chinese characters. Therefore, Manchu names are not composed of several Chinese characters randomly stacked together. ③The first name does not include the surname. For example, the word "Nu" in "Nurhaci" cannot be regarded as a surname. "Aixinjueluo" is his surname.
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dedaozhi (德道之之)
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Published on 2008-5-15 13:41 | View only this author
5. Use Chinese numeral naming
Part of the Manchu names in the Qing Dynasty used Chinese numerals. Such as "fifty-nine", "sixty-seven", "seventy-eight", etc.
There are more than 400 Manchu names named after Chinese numerals in historical books such as "Tongzhi of the Eight Banners" and "General Genealogy of the Clan of the Eight Banners in Manchuria". These numbers start from "forty-one" and end at "ninety-eight", and there are many people in almost every number. Among them, the most frequently used are "sixty" (24 people), "seventy" (23 people), "seventy-six" (21 people), "seventy-eight" (22 people), "eighty" (18 people). When writing a biography of someone, it is often necessary to add flag, ancestral home, surname, official position, etc. Otherwise it would not be easy to distinguish these people with the same name. For example, there were 10 people named "Fifty-eight" in the early Qing Dynasty. They are: 1. People from Xianghuang Banner, Guarjia clan in Hada, Zuoling. 2. A man with a red flag, Guarjia from Anchulaku, a third-class guard. 3. A native of Xianghuang Banner, Guarjia clan from Hada, Xiaoqi riding school. 4. A native of Xianglan Banner, Tongjia clan from Tongjia place, assistant leader. 5. A native of Zhenghuang Banner, Wuya clan in Hada, Bi Tie style. 6. A native of Zhenghuang Banner, Sakda clan of Burhun locality, with upright governance. 7. A native of Xianglan Banner, the Yitemo family of Yehe place, Yunqi Wei. 8. A native of Zhengbai Banner, Yitemo family from Yehe area, Bi Tie style. 9. People with red flags, Luo Shi and Yun Qiwei from Huifa place. 10. A member of the Xiangbai Banner, Guarjia clan from Suwan County, third-class guard (the above is based on "Tongpu"). So what are these numerical names based on? It turns out that most of the names are based on the sum of the age of the child's parents (or the age of the grandparents) when the child was born. For example, when the child is born, the father is 28 years old and the mother is 31 years old. 28 31 = 59, then the child's name can be "Fifty-Nine". Some people take the "five" in "fifty-nine" as a surname and "nineteen" as a first name. This is of course a misunderstanding. In addition, there is also a Chinese numerical name for people in the early Qing Dynasty, such as: "Wushi" (Irgenjueluo family from Zhengbai Banner), Wushi (from Xianglan Banner), Wushiba (from Zhenghong Banner), Qishba (from Zhenghong Banner), People from Zhenghong Banner), Bashi (Fucha family from Xianghuang Banner, Wuya family from Xiangbai Banner in the early Qing Dynasty, Suojiyala family from Zhenglan Banner, three people have the same name). These names are actually Chinese numbers, homophones of "fifty", "fifty-eight" and "seventy-eight". The Manchu people's method of naming names using Chinese numbers is very different from Han personal names and Sinicized Manchu personal names. Because the Han people and other ethnic groups do not have such names. But the numbers used by the Manchus are Chinese numbers after all, which shows the close connection between the Manchus and the Han people in history.
6. Personal names that are a combination of Manchu and Chinese morphemes
There is also a Manchu personal name - a Manchu personal name that combines Manchu and Chinese morphemes. The characteristics of this kind of personal name are: 1. It is often composed of two Chinese characters. 2. The first Chinese character represents the Chinese semantic meaning, and the second character represents the Manchu semantic meaning. The following are some Manchu names extracted from "Tongpu" and "Tongzhi". The first group, Chinese number grid (Manchu morphemes): two grids (24 people), three grids (10 people), four grids (13 people), five grids (17 people), six grids (30 people), seven grids (7 people), eight grids (4 people), nine grids (5 people). Taking Sange as an example, the people with this name include the following people: 1. Guo Luoluo from Zhanhe area, from Zhengbai Banner, Bi Tie Shi; 2. Nala family from Wula area, from Zhenghuang Banner, from Xiaoqi School; 3. The Fucha family in Shaji area, from the Xianghuang Banner, Bitie style; 4. The Ma Jia family from Mudan area, from the Zhengbai Banner, Hu Military Academy; 5. The Irgenjueluo family from the Sarhu area, from the Zhenghuang Banner, Bitie style ; 6. Wanyan clan from Wanyan area, born from Xianghong Banner, infantry military academy; 7. Hesheli family from Wula area, Jilin, from Xianglan Banner, guarding military academy. 8. A person from the Xianghuang Banner, guarding the army; 9. A person from the Xiangbai Banner, a Cavalry Commander, who assumed the post of his brother in the 23rd year of Kangxi; 10. A person from the Xiangbai Banner, a Cavalry Commander, assumed the post of his brother in the 56th year of Kangxi. The second group, Chinese morphemes: Sanger (14 people), Bage (6 people), Laoge (5 people), Lange (5 people), Heige (3 people), Erge (2 people), Xiaoge (2 people), Chengge (2 people), Tenge (2 people), Fuge (2 people), Taoge (2 people), Laige (2 people), Wange (1 person), all of the following for 1 person), Gange, Shuge, Jiuge, Soge, Gongge, Sengge, Dege, Zhangge, Shage, Qiege, Zhaoge, Qiege, Luge, Changge, Shengge, Berg, Dag, Dangg, Zhongg, Ug, Mag, Baig, Sig, Wange, etc.
Let’s take Heige, Fuge, Shuge, and Qige as examples to introduce the situation of these names: Hege, the Songjia clan in Songjiangbao, a native of Xianglan Banner, and Duqiwei. Haige, whose surname is unknown, was born in Xiangbai Banner, third-class captain of light vehicles, and assumed the post in the 13th year of Yongzheng's reign. Fuge, from the Niu Hulu clan in Zakumu, was from the Zhenglan Banner. He joined Datong from idleness, was awarded Yunqi Lieutenant, and later served as deputy governor. Fuge, whose ancestral and surname is unknown, was born in Zhengbai Banner, a second-class captain of light vehicles, and was attacked in the 36th year of Kangxi's reign. Shu Ge, a native of Xianglan Banner in Changbai Mountain, Xiaoqi Riding School. Qi Ge, from the Nimacha family in Nayin area, is from the Xiangbai Banner.
The above are unique Manchu names. Regardless of whether they are at home or abroad, except for the Manchus, no other ethnic group has such a name.
So what does "ge" mean? It turns out that "ge" is pronounced "ge" in Manchu, and it means: ① elder brother, ② eldest brother-in-law, ③ specifically meaning a boy or a man. The word "Ge" in the name means the word "Zai" in which southern Chinese people call children "Er Zai", "San Zai" and "Cat Zai". Shandong people call the Wu Song brothers "Wu Dalang" and "Wu Erlang". "The meaning of "lang". Another example is that in the Han people, all people with "Zai" and "lang" are male, so in the Manchu people, all people with "ge" are definitely male.
7. Semi-Chinese Manchu names
The signs that Manchu names have begun to be Chineseized are: (1) naming according to Chinese meaning; (2) the original surname and given name are written together in the form of "name" ; ⑶ The emergence of "according to the first name and surname". They are introduced below.
⑴ Name according to Chinese meaning
The emperor of the Qing Dynasty was afraid that the Sinicization of the Manchus would affect his rule. Therefore, emperors of several generations have stipulated that they must learn Manchu and Manchu, and it is strictly forbidden to change Chinese surnames to Chinese names. But the reality is that even the royal family does not take the lead in complying with this rule. If before entering the customs, the Manchus consciously named themselves according to their own folk customs, then the Manchus changed after entering the customs. For example, the name of Fulin, the first emperor after entering the customs, is considered by some Manchu experts to be the abbreviation of "Great Fortune is Coming" in Chinese. If this statement can be established, then the sinicization of Manchu names began with Huang Ama Huang Taiji of Fulin. Fulin had eight sons, Niu Niu, Fuquan, Xuanye, (unnamed), Chang Ying, Qishue, Longxi, and Yongqian. Except for the boss - Niu Niu, which means "eyeball" in Manchu, which name from "Fuquan" to "Yongqian" is not a Chinese name? Looking at the generation of Emperor Yongzheng again, Kangxi had 35 sons, Yongzheng was the fourth, and the names of 27 of his brothers were arranged according to "Yun×", and the "×" characters were all with "绻" next to them, such as "Yunzuo" (VI) Elder brother), "Yunzhi" (third elder brother), "Yunqi" (fifth elder brother), etc., if you look at the names alone, they are actually completely Chinese. From then on, the naming methods from Emperor Qianlong's "Hong" generation to the last Qing Emperor Xuantong's "Pu" generation were all Chinese names. But on the contrary, the way Manchu common people named their names still maintained many of the early Manchu customs until the late Qing Dynasty.
⑵Old surnames and given names are written together in the form of "name"
There were some names in the Qing Dynasty, which were also signs of the sinicization of Manchu names, such as: ① Wan Yanwei (?—1748 ), Wanyan clan of Wanyan place, a native of Xianghuang Banner, born in Bitie style. In his later years, he became the governor and the imperial envoy of Zuodu. This name is exactly like a Han Chinese compound surname plus a single-character name. ② Nalan Xingde (1595-1685), Nalan (Nala) surname, named Xingde, was a poet in the early Qing Dynasty and a native of Zhenghuang Banner. ③ Fei Mo Wenkang, Qing Dynasty novelist, Fei Mo's family name, Wenkang, a native of Xianghong Banner, once served as the magistrate of Huizhou, and was later appointed as the minister in Tibet. He wrote the novel "The Heroes of Sons and Daughters". These two names are exactly like the compound surnames of the Han people plus a two-character name. This is actually a Chineseized Manchu name. This kind of name has already appeared as early as the Jurchens of the Jin Dynasty, the ancestors of the Manchus who had frequent contact with the Han people in the Song Dynasty. For example: Wan Yanmin (1068-1123), the ancestor of the Jin Dynasty, Aguda. Wan Yanliang (1122-1161), the Jin Fei Emperor Diegunai. Wanyan Sheng (1075-1135) was Wu Qimai, Taizong of the Jin Dynasty. Wanyan Zongwang (? - 1127), Jin Dajiang intervened, and Agu beat his second son. Wanyan Zongbi (? - 1146), Jin general Wushu, Aguda Sizi. Wanyan Xu (1099-1157), Aguda's cousin, prime minister and grand master of Zuo, whose real name was Wuye.
Wanyan Xiyin (? - 1140), the founder of Jurchen writing, served as Prime Minister Zuo, and his real name was Gushen. The characteristic of these personal names is that each person has a Chinese name and a Jurchen name. Chinese pseudonyms are understood according to Chinese semantics, and Jurchen names are understood according to Jurchen semantics. For example: Wushu-Jurchen semantic means "head"; Wuye-Jurchen semantic means "cooked skin"; Gushen-Jurchen semantic means "thirty". It should also be noted that although these names are also Jurchen names, they are identified as Jurchen names based on their unique history and unique surnames. However, these "name" names were already Chineseized names at that time. Only "Aguda, Diegunai, Wuqimai, Talan, Wushu, Wolibu, and Sasu" were the Jurchen names.
Through the above analysis of various personal names, we can find such a rule: if the Manchus and Han have more contacts, the Chinese characteristics will be more prominent; on the contrary, if the Manchus and Han have less contact, the satisfactory characteristics will be more retained. When there are so many words that they are completely integrated, the names of people will be completely Chinese.
⑶The emergence of "surnames by names"
The emergence of "surnames by names" by the Manchu people is essentially a form of the process of sinicization of Manchu names. The so-called "surname by name" means using one of the grandfather's or father's names as the surname of the descendants of the branch, but still neither denying nor forgetting their original surname. In the Qing Dynasty, the Manchus from Xianglan Banner settled in Tuntai. They were from Xilin Jueluo family, their son Tumun, their grandson Tuyantu, and their great-grandson Ebai. The sons of Ebai were Eshan, Elai, Elintai, Ertai, Orqi and Eli. The grandsons of Ebai are Emin, Erongan, Eshi, Ebi, Ening, Exin, Emo, and Orun (for the above, please refer to Volume 17 of "Tongpu"). From then on, all people in this group changed their surname to E. There is also a great-grandson in Tuntai named Subai (the fourth brother of Obai), whose sons are Suhai and Sushan, and Suhai's son Suchen'a. From now on, this branch of the family will all change their surname to Su. (For the above, please refer to Volume 17 of "Tongpu"). Although these two groups have the surnames "Su" and "E", they all know that their original surname is "Xilinjueluo". In the early Qing Dynasty, there were three brothers, Shi Guozhu, Shi Tianzhu and Shi Tingzhu, Manchus from Zhengbai Banner. Their surname was Guarjia. Their great-grandfather Buha was a high-ranking official in the Ming Dynasty. His ancestor Arsunga and his father Shi Han were successively officials in the Ming Dynasty. When Shi Guozhu, Shi Tianzhu, and Shi Tingzhu arrived, they surrendered to Nurhaci and were later incorporated into the Manchuria Banner. His father, Shi Han, was named Shi, so his descendants all took Shi as their surname. Later generations also know that they have another surname of "Guarjia" (see volume 1 of "Tongpu" above). In addition, according to Mr. Liu Qinghua's "Records of Manchu Surnames", there are: In the middle of the Qing Dynasty, the Shumulu family had a man named Wan Xianfeng, and his descendants took Wan as their surname; in the late Qing Dynasty, the Xitala family living in Shenyang had a man named Wenzhong'e. The descendants of the people of this branch take Wen as their surname. The current Manchu surnames such as Tu, Wan, Rong, De, Ying, Cheng, Hai, Heng and Wen all come from this rule.
8. Fully Sinicized Manchu names
The emergence of new surnames and the joint use of "new names" are signs of the full Sinicization of Manchu names.
According to the inherent habits of the Manchu people, when participating in social interactions, they only use their first name and not their surname, and the form and first name are not used together. Even if the imperial decree involves the Manchus or Mongols, they will only mention the names and not the surnames. The "Tongzhi of the Eight Banners", which has more than 3.6 million words, can't find a Manchu name that uses both the surname and the given name. The "General Genealogy of the Manchu Clan of the Eight Banners", which has more than 1 million words, can't find a single surname and the name of the Manchu people. A Manchu name that is used in conjunction with the given name. "General Chronicles of the Dynasty: Clan Briefing" clearly states that the Manchus have 679 surnames, but they are not used consecutively. This is a folk custom characteristic of the Manchu people. In the past, the Manchu people could remember their own family's surname and the surname of other people's families. However, with the disintegration of the Qing Dynasty, the assimilation of language, folk customs and other characteristics, especially the emergence of new surnames (represented by one Chinese character), etc. The surname was deliberately concealed. After more than 80 years of historical changes, most Manchu people have forgotten their original surname, thus abandoning the inherent Manchu folk customs in naming and titles. Since then, Manchu names have been fully Chineseized.
The characteristics of comprehensively Chineseized Manchu names are: (1) new surnames replace old surnames; (2) surnames and given names are used together and appear at the same time.
New surnames replace old surnames, such as Tong Jia changed to Tong, Dong, and Gao; Guarjia changed to Guan, Bai, Bao, Wang, and Yi; Ma Jia changed to Ma, Fu; Suochuoluo Changed to Cao, Li; Niu; Aixinjueluo was changed to Jin, Luo, De, Hai, Zhao, Zhao, Hong, Shuang, Yi, Wen, Hua; Wanyan was changed to Wang, Wang, Nian; Nimaha was changed to Yu, Yu; Ni Macha was changed to Yang and Zhang; Hesheli was changed to Gao, Kang, He, Zhang, He and Lu; Feimo was changed to Ma and Ma; Xilinjueluo was changed to E, Su and Zhao. The other 600 or so Manchus with old surnames are also in a similar situation. People whose surnames and given names are used together include: Jin Jishui (1915-1987), Aixinjueluo, a descendant of Prince Qingrui, who was the editor of "Beijing Literature and Art", "Rap and Rap" and other publications during his lifetime; Hua Cuishen (1909- 1981), opera writer, Aixinjueluo family, former professor of Nankai University and vice president of Tianjin Opera School; Wang Xiaonong (1858-1918), Wanyan family, modern dramatist and famous Peking opera actor. In the late Qing Dynasty, he served as the magistrate of Taikang County, Henan; Xi Xiaobo (1910-1977), a famous Peking Opera actor, whose original surname was Xitala, was the leader of the Fourth Peking Opera Troupe in Beijing. If there is no special explanation of the names of the above people, how can we tell whether they are Han or Manchu? It can be seen that in the past century, the Manchu people have gradually integrated with the Han people in terms of folk customs and language. The Manchu names, which are part of the folk customs and language, have also gradually integrated with the Han people's language and folk customs.
To sum up, we can see the linguistic characteristics of Manchu names: ⑴ Initially, the names were named using Manchu phonetics and semantics, such as "Nurhachi". ⑵ It was named with Chinese numbers, such as "seventy-eight", but it has Manchu characteristics. ⑶ Modern Manchu names are the result of a long and tortuous process of sinicization. From a grammatical point of view, sometimes common nouns are used (such as "Dorgon" - badger), sometimes adjectives are used (such as "Hafeng'a -" Ping'an), and sometimes two morphemes are used to form a personal name (such as "Liu"). "Ge", "小格"), sometimes using Manchu numerals (such as "Nadanzhu" - seventy), sometimes using Manchu verbs (such as "Waitabu" - to tie up). The folk custom characteristics of Manchu names are: ⑴ Like to name with the names of animals; ⑵ Like to name with numbers; ⑶ Like to use the combination of Manchu and Chinese morphemes to name; ⑷ Modern Manchu names are completely the same as those of the Han people.
As a person’s code name, a person’s name has different appearances and contents in different times and different societies. It is closely related to the politics, economy, culture and specific language, customs and psychological factors of the society where the person lives. Some people say that a person's name is just a code name for a person. You can use any number to represent a person. A, B, C, D, A, B, C, D can be used as a person's name. But in fact, there is no era or any nation where the names of people come up casually. When writers write novels and scripts, they also have to put a lot of thought into designing a set of reasonable names to add color to the work. This article focuses on the characteristics and rules of Manchu naming in the Qing Dynasty. By the way, I also talked about the naming situation of modern Manchus.