According to the Records of the Hundred Officials in the Book of the Later Han Dynasty, the "Tai Shi Ling" was only a minor official with a salary of 600 shi, and his responsibilities were only to man

According to the Records of the Hundred Officials in the Book of the Later Han Dynasty, the "Tai Shi Ling" was only a minor official with a salary of 600 shi, and his responsibilities were only to manage atlases, and be in charge of astrology and astronomy. At most, they could only record the events of the previous generation and contemporary times, and had no writing responsibilities. However, Sima Tan and Sima Qian were obviously not satisfied with "picking up missing pieces and making up for them". Sima Tan had long planned to sort out the history of the previous generation, but unfortunately he "died in anger". Before his death, he told Sima Qian that "since the acquisition of Lin, historical records have been released. Now the Han Dynasty is prosperous, and the country is unified. Ming Lord, wise king, loyal minister, death There are many "righteous men". As Taishi Ling, he has the task of recording the history of the previous generation. Sima Qian also pointed out the responsibilities of being a Taishi in "Tai Shi Gong's Preface": "If I try to take charge of an official, I will destroy the Ming sage and his virtues without mentioning them, and I will not mention the meritorious officials, aristocratic families, and virtuous officials. I will not mention the words of my ancestors. It is a crime." It's so great." Therefore, Sima Qian wholeheartedly adhered to the sense of responsibility of "telling the past and thinking about the future", and decided to write "Historical Records". The purpose of writing "Historical Records" was also revealed in "Book of Bao Ren'an". He said, "Every hundred and thirty chapters are also intended to study the relationship between heaven and man, to understand the changes in ancient and modern times, and to form a family story." It can be seen that he not only wanted to complete the Taishi Order. Responsibility, and more importantly, the duty of a historian. Content

The content of "Historical Records" records the history from the legendary emperor to the period of Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty. It is divided into "Benji", "Table", "Book", The five themes of "Aristocratic Family" and "Biography", plus the final "Taishigong's Preface" are further divided into one hundred and thirty chapters. Among them, "Benji" is the deeds of the rulers of "the world", "Table" arranges the sequence of events or historical developments in a table, "Book" is about the laws and regulations of the past dynasties, and "Aristocratic Family" describes the far-reaching family lineage or noble deeds , "Biography" presents the historical performance of various figures in history and various aspects of society. Different from previous history books, the writing method of "Historical Records" is the first of its kind in the biographical style: it mainly describes the lives of the characters, followed by chronological order. Since then, other historical works such as "Hanshu", "Three Kingdoms" and "Houhanshu" have imitated this style, making biographical style the mainstream writing method used in official historical works after the Tang Dynasty. Zhao Yi's "Twenty-Two Historical Notes" says: "Sima Qian considered the past and the present, set examples, and created the whole history. This era is used to preface the emperors, the family is used to record the feudal states, the ten tables are used to record current events, the eight books are used to detail the system, and the biographies are used to describe the history. The records of historical figures, the merits and demerits of a generation of monarchs and ministers, are summarized in one series. From then on, the historians of the past dynasties cannot go beyond the scope of this, and it is the rule of the historians."

As for the content of the article, the article in "Historical Records" can be divided into two parts: the previous text is a description of the character's life, which is composed of representative events or anecdotes; the author's comments or thoughts will be added at the end of the text, usually Beginning with "Tai Shi Gong said", the content may include the author's personal experience, or evaluation of the characters, or the process of collecting information, but it is still mainly about commenting on the character and behavior of the subject matter. This also echoes Sima Qian's preface. The writing goal is to "study the relationship between heaven and man".

/p>

Chronology of the Three Dynasties, Chronology of the Twelve Princes, Chronology of the Six Kingdoms, Qin and Chu, Monthly Table, Chronology of the Princes and Kings since the rise of the Han Dynasty, Chronology of the Great Ancestors, Meritorious Lords, Chronology of the Marquises of Hui Jingjian, Chronology of the Marquises since the founding of the Yuan Dynasty, Chronology of the Princes and Princes Chronology of people since the rise of Han Dynasty Chronology of generals, prime ministers and famous ministers

Books

Books of Rites, Music, Laws, Almanacs, Book of Heavenly Officials, Book of Fengchan, Book of Fengchan, Book of Rivers and Canals, Book of Pingzhun

Aristocratic families

The Wu family, the Qi Taigong family, the Zhou family, the Yan family, the Cai family, the Chen Qi family, the Wei family, the Song family, the Jin family, the Chu family, the Yue Wang Goujian family, the Zheng family, the Zhao family, the Wei family, the Han family, the Tian Jingzhong family, the Confucius family, Chen The related family, the Chu Yuan king family, the Jing Yan family, the mourning family, the Hui Wang family, the Xiao Xiangguo family, the Cao Xiangguo family, the Liuhou family, the Chen Prime Minister family, the Jianghou family, the Liang Xiaowang family, the five sect families, the three king families