Name, composed of surname and given name, is also called first name. A person's name is a specific name symbol given to each individual by humans in order to distinguish individuals. It is a symbol that distinguishes individual differences among groups of people through language and text information. Because of names, humans can communicate in a normal and orderly manner, so everyone has a name of their own. Personal names only appeared after language was produced. Various ethnic groups have many habits in naming people. This habit is restricted by many cultural factors such as history, society, and ethnicity. A person's name usually has a certain meaning. Basic introduction Chinese name: name Foreign name: name Composition: surname and given name Alias: first name Time of naming: three months after the child is born, the child is named by his parents Name length: customary to use two characters or one character English name: middle name Name and surname words, word information, detailed explanations, basic introduction, attention to names, English names, personal names, nicknames, surnames, some explanations, development history, pre-Qin, Han Dynasty, Northern Wei, Tang Dynasty, Song Dynasty, Ming Dynasty, Yuan Dynasty, Chinese names, overview, naming time, name length, name meaning, naming in each period, name seniority, name taboos, new rules of the "Name Regulations", words and words information entry name pinyin xìngmíng Definition of a person's surname and first name. Detailed explanation of first and last names. "Sun Tzu Yongjian": "The names of his generals, left and right officers, visitors, disciples, and relatives must be known. Now I will search for them." "Historical Records: Biography of Qilizi Ganmao": "The places where I visited in the past Fei, there are people with the same name as Zeng Shen in Lu who kill people." Su Shi of the Song Dynasty quoted from the poem "Sending Cao to the Road": "I heard my father's words when I was young, and I hated not to ask him his name." The first chapter of "Strange Situation Witnessed in Twenty Years". Reply: "It is not clear where this young man comes from, nor his name." Chapter 18 of Feng Menglong's "Records of the States of the Eastern Zhou Dynasty" of the Ming Dynasty: "Guan Zhong asked his name." Basic introduction: Names are the inheritance of Chinese name culture First, it is a social and cultural symbol based on blood inheritance. Name is an indispensable symbol and identification for people in society. It is a tool for information expression, communication and dissemination necessary for humanistic communication in society; it is also a link between people's description of their own energy and another's energy. A carrier that continues the aura. The name is the thought passed down by the name owner's elders, and it is also the memory of others' logical thoughts. Pay attention to names. In the previous era, names were composed of surnames and given names. In modern times, most of us are composed of names. A large part of our cultural heritage has been spilled out in this way. China's thousands-year-old name culture has always had a *** Unique naming characteristics: In our country, naming with the background of name culture is relatively stable, because the Chinese nation has profound cultural inheritance and is a cultural power. Our name culture will not be baptized by foreign culture. Although today's name culture is very different from the traditional name culture, in many cases the culture will also change due to historical reasons. The contemporary era is a period when Chinese culture is on the rise. Because surnames and given names have not yet been fixed during people's chaotic period, modern name culture is in its infancy, so modern surnames and given names are relatively chaotic. It’s basically a name, not to mention a surname at all. A person only has one name, and there are no names such as seniority or aliases. After the 1980s, we saw that most people have two-character names. In the 1990s, there were many people with four-letter names. Today, we pay special attention to three-letter names. The culture of modern names is extremely confusing. The name is the first business card for each of us. Although many ordinary people think that it is just a name, name expert Lan Mingjun believes that the name is an indispensable tool for information exchange and the core of people's energy field. As a carrier of continuation, when it expresses information energy, the holographic concept of the Chinese characters of the name has subconscious energy that we cannot see. A person who has a suitable good name or nickname should essentially be a social humanities that keeps pace with the times, and also be a symbol of elegant culture reflected in fashion culture. It should be a picture of elegant poetic charm and pleasing artistic conception. It is A short theme with concise language and rich connotation of the famous person's thoughts.
It can give us hints and guidance in good artistic conception, and it is the expression of people's logical artistic conception of the name; a good name can increase people's energy field, motivate people to make progress, make people work hard, strive for the top, and help people succeed in their careers. . In this sense, a good name always expresses the most profound artistic conception in the most concise language. Due to different social eras, environmental changes, cultural heritage, belief pursuits, etc., people have different ideological and understanding standards. Names are a symbol given by elders to the next generation. This is an expression of the ideological and artistic conception of the times. Different groups of people have different ideological and understanding standards. There will be different societies. In this sense, the name was originally thought to be a symbol, but after recognition, it becomes a phrase for the name owner's future thoughts. In thought, the name expresses the most profound artistic conception of the name owner, and people call it a name through the use of the name. The importance of naming According to the evolution of historical customs, names can be divided into nicknames, real names, scientific names, former names, pen names, stage names, etc. Baby name, also called baby name, nickname, and small character, is a person's name in childhood. Such as mistress, mistress, baby, baby... They are generally not used when they grow up, unless the elders occasionally call them to the younger ones. Pen names are often aliases signed by literati and poets on their works according to their own preferences. The stage name is the alias used by the artist when performing. For example, Bai Yushuang, whose original name is Li Huimin and double name is Li Guizhen, is a Pingju opera performing artist whose artistic style is called the "Bai School". Judging from the various unique expressions of the above "name", they not only reflect different titles at different ages, but also symbolize a person's occupation, status and identity... The emergence of "name" is out of taboo, that is, The ethical need to respect elders. When ancient people offered sacrifices to gods and ancestors, in order to show respect, they did not dare to call their ancestors by their names directly, so the word was born. Therefore, "zi" is actually a person's name that expresses respect. When the ancients chose names, there was a certain connection between names and characters, which set off and complement each other. For example: Qu Yuan, whose given name is Ping and whose courtesy name is Yuan, are connected with the two characters Ping and Yuan. Kong Rong, whose courtesy name was Wenju, became his name, which means comprehensive understanding, and Wenju, whose writing became his name, became famous in one fell swoop and his literary star shone brightly. Bai Juyi, whose courtesy name is Lotte, and Lotte and Juyi complement each other. Hao. In addition to having surnames, given names and characters, many ancient people also had aliases. Hao is a very interesting phenomenon in Chinese name culture. There are many kinds of aliases in a broad sense, including nicknames, nicknames and posthumous names. Hao is a self-titled name. Taken from others, there are also gifts from others. In the narrow sense, "Hao" is an alias for a person, and it is also an alias. Aliases are more popular among literati. There is generally a certain connection between names and characters, but there are no restrictions on nicknames and names. Aliases began in the Tang Dynasty, flourished in the Song Dynasty, and died in the Qing Dynasty. After the late Qing Dynasty, with the changes in Chinese culture, few people continued to use the characters and nicknames, and they were gradually replaced by pen names, stage names, nicknames, etc. English Name The general structure of an English name is: given name, middle name, surname. Such as William Jefferson Clinton. However, in many cases, the middle name is often omitted, such as former US President Geogre Walker Bush, or George Bush, and many people prefer to use nicknames instead of formal given names, such as Bill Clinton. The above Christian name and middle name are also called personal names. The personal names, nicknames and surnames of English-speaking people are now introduced as follows: Personal names According to the custom of English-speaking people, when a baby is baptized, the priest or parents, relatives and friends usually give it a name, which is called the Christian name. In the future, I can use a second name after my given name. The sources of English personal names are roughly as follows: 1. Use names from the Bible, Greek and Roman mythology, ancient celebrities or literary classics as your given name. 2. Use the ancestor's place of origin, mountains and rivers, birds, animals, fish and insects, flowers and trees as the Christian name. 3． Variants of the given name. 4. Adopt a (nickname) nickname. 5. Use word-formation techniques to create new Christian names, such as reverse order and merging. 6． Use your mother's maiden name as your middle name.
Commonly used male names among English-speaking people are: James, John, David, Daniel, and Michael. Common female names are: Jane, Mary, Elizabeth, Ann, Sarah, and Catherine. Nicknames include nicknames, abbreviations, and nicknames. English-speaking people often use it as a term of endearment among relatives and friends, and it is derived from the Christian name. Usually there are the following situations: Rui Mingxuan Zhouyi Naming Hall 1. Keep the first syllable. For example, Donald =gt; Don, Timothy =gt; Tim. If the real name starts with a vowel, a nickname starting with 'N' can be derived, such as: Edward =gt; Ned. 2. ie or -y such as: Don =gt; Donnie, Tim =gt; Timmy. 3. Use final syllables, such as: Anthony =gt; Tony, Beuben =gt; Ben. 4. Two nicknames are derived from one given name, such as: Andrew =gt; Andy amp; Drew. 5. Irregular derivation method, such as: one of William's nicknames is Bill. For a long time, British people with the surname only had First name but no surname. It was not until the 16th century that the use of surnames became widespread. The main etymologies of English surnames are: 1. Directly borrow the Christian name, such as Clinton. 2. Adding affixes indicating blood relationships to the Christian name, such as suffixes -s, -son, -ing; prefixes M'-, Mc-, Mac-, Fitz-, etc., all indicate the son or descendant of someone. 3． Add affixes indicating identity before the Christian name, such as St.-, De-, Du=, La-, Le-. 4. Reflecting place names, landforms or environmental characteristics, such as Brook, Hill, etc. 5. Reflecting identity or occupation, such as: Carter, Smith. 6. Reflecting personal characteristics, such as: Black, Longfellow. 7. Borrowing the names of animals and plants, such as Bird, Rice. 8. Derived from the merger of double surnames, such as Burne-Jones. Although English surnames appeared later than Christian names, they are much more numerous. Commonly used ones are: Smith, Miller, Johnson, Brown, Jones, Williams. A few notes: 1. The Christian names derived earlier from the Bible and Greek and Roman mythology are usually not used as surnames. 2. British people are accustomed to abbreviating both the Christian name and the middle name, such as M. H. Thatcher; Americans are accustomed to abbreviating only the middle name, such as Ronald W. Reagan. 3． Sometimes there is an interpersonal title before the name, such as job rank and so on. Dr., Prof., Pres. can be used before the surname or the given name; Sir can only be used before the given name or the given name. 4. According to expert estimates, the entire English-speaking nation has as many as 1.5 million surnames. Professor Zhou Haizhong, a well-known Chinese scholar, pointed out in his paper "On English Names" published in 1992: There are about 3,000 common English surnames, and the top ten in terms of number are Smith, Jones, and Williams. Williams, Brown, Davis, Johnson, Anderson, Taylor, Thomas and Evans; their number is about 10% of the English-speaking people half of the population. A new survey shows that the top ten English surnames still maintain the same order. Development History During the Pre-Qin Dynasty, children were named by their father when they were 3 months old. Xu Shen, a philologist of the Eastern Han Dynasty, believed that names were originally created due to encounters at night and the need for identification. Therefore, "Shuowen Jiezi" states, "Name is self-named." Also, from the mouth to the evening. Xi means Ming, and Ming does not meet, so he named himself by his mouth. "In ancient times, the child was usually named by his father when he was 3 months old. This is what is called in "Etiquette·Mourning Clothes". "So when a son is born in the third month, his father will give him his name.
This custom of naming numbers is actually related to the imperial policy. In the Yuan Dynasty, Han people who were unemployed were not allowed to be named, and could only be called by their rank, age of their parents, etc. This was probably a special case of ancient name control. A name is a code for a person, but when motives, emotions, and sustenance are added to the name, it becomes no longer simple. A well-chosen name can affect a person's life, but otherwise it will be burdened by the name. In the early years of the Southern Song Dynasty, there was a man named Qian Tangxiu who was deeply troubled by his name. According to Zhuang Chuo's "Chicken Ribs", at that time, Lin'an (now Hangzhou), also known as Qiantang, was just the capital of the Southern Song Dynasty. There was a man named Qian Tangxiu in Kuaiji who was quite prestigious and was recommended to Prime Minister Zhao Ding, but Gaozong insisted not to use it. , thinking that the name is unlucky: "Did Qian and Tang Dynasties end?" Overview of Chinese names Chinese names are expressed in Chinese characters. The Han nationality and some ethnic minorities directly use Chinese characters to name their names. The names of other ethnic groups are transliterated into Chinese characters, and some are also used for their own names. Another Chinese name. The first name and the surname together constitute the Chinese name. In addition, in addition to having names, Chinese people in the past often also had characters. In traditional Chinese etiquette, usually only the elders can call people by their "name", while ordinary or junior people should not call people by their names. Even emperors and monarchs usually call their ministers by name. If they call their ministers by name, it will be more contemptuous, and it may even mean that the person is guilty. Naming time According to ancient records, there was a system for naming in ancient China. The child is usually named by the father 3 months after birth. But there are also names given when the baby is full moon, names given when the child is one year old, and names chosen by relatives before birth. There are also novels about a mythical person whose name was given by sages or gods in advance, such as the story about Patriarch Chen Tuan naming Yue Fei in "The Complete Biography of Yue". Name length: For Chinese names, Han people generally use two characters or one character except for the surname. Before the Three Kingdoms period, names with one character were the dominant name. From the Jin Dynasty to modern times, names with two characters were the dominant name. If other ethnic groups use transliteration, they use several to ten names, and some also use other Chinese names. The Ministry of Public Security of China conducted statistics on names across the country and found that the longest Chinese names have 15 characters. There are nearly a thousand Chinese people with names of more than 10 characters. 97 In the Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, 594 people have names with 10 characters, 272 people have names with 11 characters, 94 people have names with 12 characters, 13 characters and 14 characters. The named persons are 33 and 5 respectively. The meaning of names: China has attached great importance to naming people since ancient times. Under the influence of Confucius' thought of "rectifying names", people regard naming their descendants as very sacred and even mysterious. Since the Zhou Dynasty, naming has been incorporated into etiquette and law and formed a system. Therefore, sometimes names can have a great impact on people. Some names were treated differently from others because the emperor or high-ranking officials liked them; while some people's names were treated unfairly because they were considered unlucky. According to statistics, there are about 400,000 people in mainland China named "National Day" and more than 960,000 people named "Jianguo". Among them, 1,894 people have the surname "Guo" and "Qing", and 321 people have the surname "Jian" and the name "Guo". Naming of each issue: After the founding of the People's Republic of China in 1949, names were often related to historical events, and names with political meanings appeared. In the 1950s, there was the founding of the People's Republic of China, and in the 1960s, there were anti-American, anti-imperialist, cultural revolution, and Weihong names. In the 1970s, the number of single names began to increase, including Niu, Hong, Hong, and Wei. After the 1980s, English names were imitated, such as Liz and Jack, and the other type used uncommon words. After the 1990s, there were many imitations of ancient names. Name Generation When Chinese people choose names, they often use some methods in their names to distinguish different generations in the same family. For example, one character in the name is used to express seniority, and another character is used to express the meaning of the name. Some also use the same radical in the name to express the same seniority. Name taboos Due to the influence of the patriarchal system in ancient China, there was a system of taboos on the use of names. Pay attention to "taboo for relatives, taboo for wise people, and taboo for venerable people". When speaking or writing, you must avoid the name of your father. When choosing a name, you cannot use words that are in their names or have the same sound. Although they no longer pay attention to these, some people still try not to use words that appear in the names of their parents or ancestors or words with the same sound when naming. Due to the influence of taboo, most Chinese people think it is impolite to call their elders by their first names.
1. Taboo on the names of ancestors and sages 2. Taboo on cold words 3. Taboo on monotonous repetition of name fonts 4. Taboo on polyphonic characters 5. Taboo on “tongue twisting” words 6. Taboo on indecent homophones 7. Taboo on words that are too fashionable Words 8. Taboo words that are too flattering 9. Taboo simple names with common surnames New regulations in the "Name Regulations" The Ministry of Public Security promulgated the "Name Registration Regulations (First Draft)" in June 2007, which has been researched and drafted by the Ministry of Public Security and has been distributed to public security agencies in various places. Institutions organize training. Sources from the relevant business departments of the Ministry of Public Security said that the "Regulations" are still in the process of being studied and are only a first draft. Both parents' surnames can be used together. For the first time, the "Name Registration Regulations (Preliminary Draft)" stipulates that citizens should take their father's or mother's surname, but they are allowed to use the surnames of both parents. When children adopt the surnames of both parents, they can be named according to the double surnames, but it will not be counted as a compound surname. Based on the existing 1,601 surnames in China, this approach will add 1.28 million double surnames, thereby alleviating the problem of duplication of names in the population with common surnames. Judging from the actual situation in China, allowing children to take their father's or mother's surname and advocating the use of both parents' surnames can not only show the family and blood relationship between children and both parents, but also have positive significance in solving the problem of name duplication among people with common surnames. Restrictions on the use of words Necessary restrictions should be placed on the names used by citizens under certain conditions. The "Regulations" stipulate that names must not contain the following content: 1. Damaging the dignity of the country or nation; 2. Going against good national customs; 3. Being likely to cause adverse reactions or misunderstandings from the public. Considering that the number of characters used in Chinese names is usually 2 to 3 Chinese characters for single surnames, and 3 to 4 Chinese characters for compound surnames or the surnames of both parents, the "Regulations" stipulates: Except for those using ethnic characters or written or translated Chinese characters, The name should be no less than 2 Chinese characters and no more than 6 Chinese characters. For example, if the husband's surname is Zheng and the wife's surname is Fu, they can name their child "Zheng Fu Beckham". The "Regulations" stipulate that names shall not use or contain the following words, letters, numbers, and symbols: ① simplified traditional Chinese characters; ② eliminated variant characters, except for variant characters in surnames; ③ self-made characters; ④ foreign characters; ⑤ Chinese Pinyin letters; ⑥Arabic numerals; ⑦symbols; ⑧Other words that are beyond the scope of standard Chinese characters and minority languages. The "Regulations" stipulate that when a child adopts the surnames of both parents, he or she can be named according to both parents' surnames, and it will not be counted as a compound surname. Once implemented, many parents may plan to change their children's names, and the "Name Registration Regulations (First Draft)" It also stipulates that in order to prevent the abuse of name rights and frequent name changes, after the implementation of the regulations, Chinese citizens who are over 18 years old may apply for name change registration only once. The "Regulations" also stipulate that anyone who submits false certification materials to apply for name registration or name change registration will be given a warning by the household registration authority and a fine of not more than 500 yuan will be imposed. Anyone who fraudulently obtains name registration or name change registration shall be fined not more than 800 yuan. The so-called right of name is a kind of personality right that citizens enjoy in accordance with the law to decide, use, and change their names and require others to respect their names. According to Article 99 of the General Principles of the Civil Law: Citizens enjoy the right to name and have the right to decide, use and change their names in accordance with regulations, and others are prohibited from interfering, misappropriating or counterfeiting. Teacher Yan’s Naming Specifically speaking, the right to name that citizens enjoy includes three aspects: ① The right to decide on a name, also known as the right to name, that is, the right of a natural person to decide which caste, name, and combination thereof to adopt. ② The right to name change refers to the right enjoyed by natural persons to change their surname or given name in accordance with the law. As long as it does not violate the mandatory provisions of the law and public order and good customs, it is allowed, but it is necessary to go to the household registration management department to go through the change registration procedures. ③The right to use name refers to the right of a natural person to use his or her name in accordance with the law. Therefore, citizens have the right to decide their own names as long as they do not violate laws and regulations. Article 18 of the "Household Registration Regulations" stipulates that when a citizen changes his or her name, the following provisions apply: When a citizen over 18 years of age needs to change his or her name, he or she must apply to the household registration authority for change registration. Citizens whose right to name has been infringed have the right to demand an end to the infringement, restore their reputation, eliminate the impact, and apologize.
From a legal perspective and in principle, as long as it does not violate laws and regulations, the public security department cannot reject a citizen's name change application for any reason. Some areas have restricted names from using two characters to three-character names.