1. Name
Name is everyone’s code name. The surname is public and the given name is personal. The emergence of "name" was also in the clan society period, and it was also the inevitable result of the gradual awakening of people's individual consciousness. "Shuowen" explains the name this way: "Name is self-named. It comes from the mouth, and the person named Xi is Ming. The Ming does not meet each other, so it is named by the mouth." It means that after dusk, it is dark and we cannot recognize each other, so we call each other by codes.
This is the origin of the name. This is somewhat legendary. People discovered the convenience of using "name" and gradually became popular, making everyone have a name, and they became particular about naming "name". In fact, the emergence of names is an inevitable product after the emergence of private ownership economy.
There are more single names than double names in Zhou, Qin and Han Dynasties. After the Tang and Song Dynasties, compound names became more common, except for emperors, because single names were easy to avoid taboos. After the Song Dynasty, especially in the Ming and Qing Dynasties, the character generation genealogy nomenclature was the most popular. The Ming and Qing Dynasties were characterized by genealogical naming, which had a great influence.
2. Zi
“Zi” is only limited to people with status in ancient times. ?"Book of Rites·Quli" says: "A man's 20th hairpin is used for his character" and "A woman's 15th hairpin is used for her character". This means that regardless of male or female, the character can only be chosen when they reach adulthood. The purpose of choosing a character is to be respected. He is for others to call him. Most people, especially peers and subordinates, are only allowed to address their elders by their names and not by their first names.
After the Tang and Song Dynasties, due to the strengthening of Neo-Confucianism, there were more and more red tapes, and scholars also made a fuss about titles. The title was to show respect, but after a long time, it gradually became more and more complicated. The word "gan" was not respectful enough, so there was another word that was more respectful than the word.
3. No.
No. is also called an alias, an alias, or an alias. Names and characters are generally given by elders, but titles are different. At first, names are chosen by oneself and are called self-titles; later, there are also titles given by others, such as honorific titles, elegant titles, etc.
The pen names and stage names of modern and contemporary writers can also be included in the category of accounts. Some are self-authored accounts, and some are gifted accounts.
Because nicknames can be taken and given away, they are free and changeable, so many literati have many nicknames. However, in modern times, especially since the Republic of China, literati have become more popular in using nicknames. Minus, many people do not use pen names when publishing works, but use their real names.
Popular explanation of "Chinese" surnames, surnames, given names, characters, and numbers
"Surname" is the symbol of the family, and "Shi" refers to a certain branch of the family. The surnames and surnames were only different in the pre-Qin period, and were basically unified after the Qin Dynasty.
"Name" and "Zi" were separated until the Han Dynasty. "Name" was only used in formal occasions, and "Zi" was a daily name among friends, because the ancients felt that It's not polite to call someone by name, but "Zi" is more polite and seems more intimate.
The "name" is basically given by the parents, and the "word" can be given by the elders after adulthood, or it can be given by oneself, or given by a friend, and generally educated people will choose "name". Character".
As for the "number", it is usually given by oneself to express one's ambitions, interests, hobbies, etc.; it can also be given by friends or admirers. "Still rude and disrespectful. People with numbers are not only highly educated, but also often have a low social status.
Not only men have "numbers", but outstanding women also have "numbers". For example, Li Qingzhao has the nickname "Yi An Jushi".