1. Origin of the surname:
1. Originated from the surname Jiang, a descendant of the Shennong family of Emperor Yan.
He is a direct descendant of Jiang Ziya, the first king of Qi.
2. The surname Ji comes from Ke Lu, the son of the Wu Kingdom in the Spring and Autumn Period. It is a surname based on the name of an ancestor.
It was first formed in the Spring and Autumn Period. Prince Wu had a descendant named Ke Lu, the son of King Wu. His descendants used the character "Ke" in his name as their surname, and became the Ke family.
3. It originates from the change of surnames among various ethnic groups, and belongs to the Sinicization of changing surnames into surnames.
During the Southern and Northern Dynasties, the Xianbei clan of the Northern Wei Dynasty had the Keba family. After entering the Central Plains, they changed their surname to Ke, and their descendants were called the Ke family.
The Ke family was one of the Qiang people in the north in ancient times, and their descendants were also called the Ke family.
2. The ancestor of the Ke family: Ke Lu.
Zhongyong (i.e. Yu Zhong), the ancestor of the Ke family, was the great-uncle of King Wu of Zhou Dynasty. He was from the same family line as the Zhou surname, Wu surname and Cai surname. King Cheng of Zhou met the princes in Keshan, and Prime Minister Ke served as a high official in Zhou Dynasty. He also met with him, named the mountain as his surname, and became the ancestor of the Ke family. Ke Lu, the fourth generation under Prime Minister Ke, officially established Ke as the surname, and it was the Ke family that established the surname. The ancestor, Ke Lu, was the ninth son of King Wu. Because he lived in Jiexiaoli, Chongde Township, Jiyang County (today's Lankao, Henan Province), he and his surname Cai were both called "Jiyang Yan Sect".
3. Migration and distribution:
The Ke family originated from the public clan of Wu State three thousand years ago. In the early days, it spread to the Jiangsu and Zhejiang areas where the motherland is located. Then, with the evolution of history, it gradually spread to all directions. With development, especially under favorable geographical conditions, most people moved southward, so they became a famous family in various parts of the south, especially in Fujian Province.
According to "Zhangzhou Prefecture Annals": Chen Yuanguang opened Zhangzhou, and among the generals who entered Fujian, there was also Ke. Therefore, it is known that Ke's migration to the south began in the early Tang Dynasty. During the reign of Emperor Zhaozong of the Tang Dynasty (901 AD), Ke Chong, a native of Fujian, was named the Prince's School Secretary for his outstanding talent and became famous in the world. "Genealogy of the Kecai Family" and "You Nantang Pavilion" point out: "In the second year of Guangqi of Emperor Xizong of the Tang Dynasty (886 AD), his ancestors came from Gushi, Guangzhou, Henan, and entered Fujian from Wang Shenzhi, and lived in Quanzhi Yuanru Guanxi Shuigou Lane is now Hukecuo Lane. In the first year of Tianfu of Shi Jin Dynasty (AD 942), ancestor Baogong separated from Shuigou Lane and lived in Puyang. He still lived in Guanxi in Quanzhi for five generations. From the Northern Song Dynasty to Qingwen Gong, he became a prominent family in Quan. After the family moved to the south, the family was in decline and began to disperse. "According to the genealogy of Jiyang, Fujian Province, in the Southern Song Dynasty, three brothers came from Jiyang Prefecture in Henan Province. Fujian, first lived in Fengchen Zhangqin Township, Xiada Road, Fuzhou. Later, they separated their surnames and established clans. The eldest brother was named Xin, and the third brother was named Cai. They lived in Hui'an and Quanzhou respectively. The second brother was born into the Ke family and branched off to the east of Quanzhou. Outside the gate, it is divided into the Yongchun Shishan area.
The Genealogy of the Ke Family in Xinzhuang Town, Taipei says: His ancestors lived in Guixi County, Guangxin Prefecture (now Guixi, Jiangxi Province). Duliang Village, 25du, Longxi County, Zhangzhou Prefecture, Fujian Province, has a branch called Fanyan, which spreads all over southern Fujian. The Ko family in Taiwan, according to the Provincial Literature Association, began to spread and spread in Taiwan in the early years of Qianlong's reign in the Qing Dynasty. During the Qianlong period of the Qing Dynasty, twenty-eight people from Shilin Township, Anxi, Fujian, settled in Kecuokeng, today's Dachen Village, Taishan Township, Taipei County. In the 16th year of Qianlong's reign in the Qing Dynasty, Ke Qianliang and Ke Xianrui Ju Madou donated the Beiji Palace Zhaifang. In the 33rd year of Emperor Qianlong's reign in the Qing Dynasty, a student named Ke Tingdi donated money to build the stone road at the north gate of Fengshan County. In the 38th year of the Qianlong reign of the Qing Dynasty, Ke Busheng, a Fujianese, built Longjiao Temple in Yanchao Township, Kaohsiung County. In the 39th year of Qianlong's reign, Ke Zhengshou rebuilt the Nanzikeng Bridge. In the third year of Jiaqing in the Qing Dynasty, Ke Youcheng and He Ji, Zhao Liangsheng followed Wu Sha on the 28th to reclaim the town of Toucheng, now Yilan County. During the Daoguang period of the Qing Dynasty, there were people from Zhangzhou who were born in the Ke family, and they dug land in Lengshui, Dapi Village, Wanli Township, Taipei County. In the 27th year of Daoguang reign of the Qing Dynasty, Ke Fulong settled in Yanshui Town, now Tainan County.
4. County Wangtang No.:
1. County Hope:
Jiyang County: It was Wei Yi during the Warring States Period, and was established as a county in the Western Han Dynasty. It was renamed Jiyang County in the Western Han Dynasty and is now located in the northeastern part of Lankao County, Henan Province. Jiyang County was merged into Yuenju County in the early Tang Dynasty. During the reign of Emperor Hui of the Jin Dynasty, a part of Chenliu County was set aside to establish Jiyang County, which was governed by Jiyang. At that time, the area under its jurisdiction included present-day Lankao County in Henan Province, Dongming County in Shandong Province, and Dingtao County. Yang County is not far away. In the late Eastern Jin Dynasty, the Jin Dynasty was abolished after moving south.
Qiantang County: It was established as a county during the Qin Dynasty and belongs to Kuaiji County. In the Later Han Dynasty, it was the seat of Wu County (now Hangzhou, Zhejiang).
Qi County: In the early Western Han Dynasty, Linzi County was changed to Qi County. Comparable to Linzi, Shandong Province today.
2． Hall number:
Yi Que Tang: Yi Que means strange little bird. During the Song Dynasty, Ke Shu served successively as the magistrate of Huaizhou, and after being tired of his official duties, he became an official. He once served as an assistant official in Zhangzhou. During the famine years in Zhangzhou, he tried every means to help the victims and lived in the disaster area himself. At this time, two strange birds made a nest on his roof beam. When he returned to the guest house, the two birds followed him. When he completed his mission and returned to Zhangzhou City, the bird flew after him for dozens of miles, chirping and unable to bear to leave.
Zhui Yuantang: Information needs to be supplemented.
Rui Que Tang: Information needs to be added.
Cuiyuantang: Information needs to be supplemented.
Yu Qingtang: Information needs to be supplemented.
5. Family genealogy:
Ke family tree in Qiantang, Zhejiang, author to be verified, woodcut movable type print in the 15th year of Daoguang reign of the Qing Dynasty (1835 AD). Now collected in Taiwan.
Eight volumes of Ke's genealogy in Huangyan, Zhejiang, five volumes of family collection, compiled by Ke Huawei and Ke Kui (Republic of China), and fourteen volumes of woodcut movable type in the ninth year of the Republic of China (1920 AD). It is now collected in the Zhejiang Provincial Library and the Utah Genealogical Society.
Twenty-six volumes of the Ke family genealogy in Xin'an, Huizhou, Anhui, the first volume, compiled by Ke Ligong, Prime Minister of the Republic of China, and compiled by Hu Xiangmu, a woodcut movable type print in the 15th year of the Republic of China (1926 AD). It is now collected in the Anhui Provincial Museum and the Jixi County Cultural Relics Administration Bureau of Anhui Province (there are two departments).
Twelve volumes of the Ke family genealogy in Huaining, Anhui, edited by Ke Renlian and others (Qing Dynasty), and fourteen volumes of Yu Qingtang woodcut movable type prints in the 24th year of Guangxu in the Qing Dynasty (1898 AD). It is now collected in the Library of the Chinese Academy of Sciences.
The Ke family genealogy of Guichi Xiachuan, Anhui Province is not divided into volumes. It was compiled by Ke Yiquan (Ming Dynasty) and printed with movable wood type in the fourth year of Longqing reign of Ming Dynasty (AD 1570). It is now collected in the National Library of China.
Fifty-four volumes of the Ke family genealogy in Xiachuan, Guichi, Anhui, compiled by Ke Yunkai and others (Republic of China), woodcut movable type print in the 16th year of the Republic of China (1927 AD). It is now collected in the Nanjing Library of Jiangsu Province.
The family tree of the Ke family in Changle, Fujian, is not divided into volumes. It was compiled by Ke Pengnian and Ke Hongnian (Qing Dynasty), and it is a woodcut movable type print in the 20th year of Guangxu in the Qing Dynasty (1904 AD). It is now collected in Jilin University Library, Chongqing Municipal Library, and Utah Genealogical Society.
The genealogy of the Xiaqi Ke family in Tong'an, Fujian is not divided into volumes. The author is yet to be verified. It was handwritten during the Guangxu period of the Qing Dynasty. It is now collected in the library of Fujian Normal University.
The genealogy of the Ke family in Shuangchuan, Jiujiang is not divided into volumes. The first two volumes were compiled by Ke Fangjian and others (Republic of China). In the 36th year of the Republic of China (1947 AD), there were seven volumes of woodcut movable type printed by Chuiyuan Hall. It is now collected in the Archives of China Genealogy Website.
The Ke family genealogy in Shangrao is in four volumes. The first volume was compiled by Ke Lingyun and others. In the 21st year of the reign of Emperor Guangxu of the Qing Dynasty, there are four volumes of Rui Que Hall woodcut movable type prints. Today, only the first to second volumes and the second volume remain. Four volumes, first volume. It is now collected in the Archives of China Genealogy Website.
The author of the Ke family genealogy is yet to be verified. During the Republic of China, there was only one volume of Rui Que Tang's woodcut movable type print. Today, only the forty-third volume remains. It is now collected in the Archives of China Genealogy Website.
6. Generational ranking of characters:
Ke's generation: "Poems and books, benevolence and righteousness, clouds are opening, happiness is auspicious, auspicious dragon road is advancing, benefit is great, jade is prosperous, virtuous people are increasing, and the name of Wanhua, Jiang Kuihong, comes first." The worldly etiquette and obedience to generals."
Information needs to be added.
7. Couplet allusions:
1. Inscription on the lintel:
Rui Que Chuan Fang: Originated from Ke Shu, courtesy name Zhongchang, (1017-1111 AD), aged ninety-five. When he was young, the prefect Cai Xiang saw that he was "disputing his shortcomings and lengths with his pen and tongue" and admired him very much. He expected that he would become a great writer one day and wrote a long poem as a gift to Ke Qingwen. In 1049 AD, Ke Shu was appointed as the imperial edict of the government. In 1056 AD, he became a Jinshi. He successively served as Ganzhou county captain, Wuxing county magistrate, Huaizhou prefect, Fujian Tixing, Hunan transport envoy, twice as Fuzhou prefect, and was granted the title of Longtu. Bachelor's degree from the pavilion.
During this period, because of his ability in maintaining public security and managing water conservancy, Emperor Shenzong of the Song Dynasty summoned him to the palace. He was very impressed with his talent and wrote Ke Shu's name on the screen as a reminder. Because Ke Shu did a lot of good things for scholars during his tenure and he wrote a lot of works, Ke Shu was enshrined in the Confucian temples in Fuzhou and Quanzhou. There was also an ancestral hall in memory of Ke Shu built next to the Confucian Temple in Quanzhou. What is particularly striking is that in 1075 AD, Ke Shu was ordered to provide disaster relief in Zhangzhou and rescued countless hungry people. Two magpies perched in the Chuanshe (guest house) where Ke Shu lived. When Ke Shu left Zhangzhou, many people were reluctant to leave and saw him off for dozens of miles. The two magpies also flew together and couldn't bear to leave. Everyone said they were different and it became a legend.
2． Four-character universal couplet:
Kui Zhang's fine knowledge; Shizhuan's heroic text: The first couplet refers to Ke Jiusi, a fairy in the Yuan Dynasty, whose courtesy name was Jingzhong. He was friends with Yu Ji and Zhao Mengjia, and was good at writing poems. , painting, and became a bachelor of Kuizhang Pavilion. Xia Lian Dian refers to Ke Cai, a native of Nan'an during the Northern Song Dynasty. He was a Jinshi and became a Yuanwai Lang. During the Taiping and Xingguo years, I met a monk who went to Longevity Mountain with me. He pointed out that under an ancient pine tree, he unearthed a piece of stone-engraved seal script. It turned out to be an article written by Bao Gong (Bao Zhi, an eminent monk from Liang Dynasty in the Southern Dynasties) describing the continuous succession of the emperor's throne.
Xingzhi is the first; upright officials are the first: The Shangliandian indicates that Ke Chang, an official in the dynasty, was named Jihe and was from Putian. Wanli Jinshi, Li Guan Hejian magistrate, governance and conduct ranked first among the three assistants. The tired official is the governor of Shanxi. Xialiandian refers to the county magistrate Ke Luan during the Qing Dynasty. His courtesy name was Jian'an and he was from Hubei. During Tongzhi, a Jinshi learned about Jianning County and devoted himself to civil affairs. He donated money to establish four righteous schools, and Governor Li Henian regarded him as "the most upright official in Fujian Province".
Five elders on the list; no one in prison: The Shangliandian refers to Ke Chong, a man from the Tang Dynasty. During the Guanghua period, he and Cao Song and other five people were on the same list as Jinshi, and they were all in their seventies. , known as the "Five Lao List" at that time. Xialiandian guides Ke Songying, named Zifei, a native of Jinjiang during the Song Dynasty. He was a Jinshi during the Shaoxing period and was an official in Meizhou. He was honest and diligent in government, and there was no prisoner in the prison. After his term of office expired, he returned to his hometown and thanked guests behind closed doors. People called him "Mr. Xiang".
Wish to hear one’s own mistakes and seek to understand people’s sentiments: During the Qing Dynasty, Ke Luan, the magistrate of Jianning County, preceded each game with two cards and wrote a letter with the eight characters “I would like to hear one’s mistakes and seek to understand people’s sentiments”. He was known as the first honest and upright official.
The eminent monk points to the treasure; the wise mother resigns from office: The Shangliandian refers to the Kecalyx in the Song Dynasty. A monk instructed him to dig it under the ancient pine and found the stone seal script. The lower couplet refers to Ke Yinglie during the Song Dynasty, for whom his mother resigned. There are different versions of this couplet, and the "eminent monk" in the first couplet is the "wonderful monk".
3． Seven-character universal couplet:
The old ancestors of Longtuge looked to the court; the poem of Yiquetang was passed down forever: "Ruiquetang" The Ke family, because their ancestor Ke Yan, who entered Fujian, was originally founded in Nantang, Therefore, sometimes it is also called "Nantang". Most of them regard the so-called Tangbian Old Man or Dongbian Old Man as their ancestor. The generation currently living on the island of Taiwan is roughly the 25th and 6th generation descendants of those two "old men". From then on, the Ke family members all took the name "Rui Que Hall". This is not only the case in Fujian Province, but also in all parts of the country. Since the Ko family moved to Quan, it has been passed down for more than thirty generations. The ethnic group has spread all over Quanzhou, Hong Kong, Macao, Taiwan and other places, and has also migrated to Southeast Asian countries. Rizal, the founding father of the Philippines, and Ko Yuzhu, the wife of Singapore's senior minister Lee Kuan Yew, are all descendants of the Ko family. There are no less than thirty "Ke Tsai Clan Association" organizations, seventeen of them in Taiwan alone. People of the Ke family in these places are proud of "the auspicious magpie spreads the fragrance".
The doctor of calligraphy and painting has a long-lasting reputation; medical expert Bo Huichang: Shangliandian refers to Ke Jiusi, a calligrapher and painter in the Yuan Dynasty, named Jingzhong and Danqiusheng, a native of Taizhou. He is good at calligraphy and painting, is erudite and can write poems, and is also good at identifying gold and stone. Emperor Wenzong built the Kuizhang Pavilion and awarded a doctorate in calligraphy from the Bachelor's Academy. All famous paintings and calligraphy collected by the Imperial Household were ordered to be appraised. Xialiandian refers to Ke Qin, a medical scientist from the Qing Dynasty, whose courtesy name was Yunbo and whose nickname was Shifeng. He was from Cixi, Zhejiang. There are works such as "Annotations on Febrile Diseases", which have special insights into the classification of syndromes.
Ruiyang Hongwen has hundreds of volumes; Huaizhou exotic magpies build two nests: the first couplet refers to Ke Zhi, a scholar in the Song Dynasty, who was from Ruiyang. He had an early understanding of the Five Classics, was good at poetry and poetry, and wrote more than a hundred volumes of books. Xia Lian Dian refers to Ke Shu, a Chaosan doctor in the Song Dynasty. His courtesy name is Zhongchang. He is a Jiayou Jinshi. He has known Huaizhou for a long time. When you leave, the magpie also stops. After returning home, I flew dozens of miles and couldn't bear to leave due to the noise and hesitation. Su Shi wrote a poem to record the event.
The curtains are half open and no one has risen; the wind is warm and the sun is still low on the terrace: This couplet is a verse couplet from "Inscriptions on Paintings" by Ke Jiusi, a calligrapher and painter of the Yuan Dynasty.
The spring breeze is delicate and soft, the green shade is plump; the orioles in Shangyuan are purple and green: a couplet written by the modern historian Ke Shaobian (1850-1933 AD). Ke Shaomin, courtesy name Fengsun and nickname Liaoyuan, was a native of Jiaozhou, Shandong. A Jinshi of Guangxu, he served successively as editor of the Hanlin Academy and supervisor of the Capital University, etc. His works include "Tianwen Zhi", "Spring and Autumn Guliang Zhuan", etc.
The seventh generation couplet has nine Jinshi; the Eighth Fujian has only one number one scholar: this couplet is the Ke family ancestral hall couplet in Kezhu Village, Lingchuan Town, Putian County, Fujian Province. The Quanlian Dian indicates that Ke Qian, named Mengshi and named Zhuyan, was the number one scholar in the second year of Jingtai (1451). He was a native of Putian, Fujian Province and passed the imperial examination at the age of 22.
The clothes and clothes of the past dynasties show off the rituals and music; they will be tasted by the sun and the moon forever: Zhuiyuan Hall of Kecuo Temple, Yangnei Township, Xiashan Town, Chaonan District, Shantou City, Guangdong Province. According to the "Chaoyang County Chronicle", the Ke family temple was built in the 10th year of Shaoxing by Emperor Gaozong of the Song Dynasty (AD 1140). It was built by Ke Yiwu, a Jinshi during the Jianyan period of the Song Dynasty and a scholar of the Imperial College of Education. During the Ming Dynasty, the descendants of the Ke family carried out renovations according to the old system. In the 43rd year of Emperor Kangxi of the Qing Dynasty (AD 1704), Ke Wenjin, a Gongsheng student, presided over the comprehensive construction and expanded the Sanshan Gate. Due to the construction of the past dynasties, the family temple is well preserved. From 1928 to 1992, the Xiashan Yangnei Primary School was run in the family temple. In 1986, the Ke family raised more than 170,000 yuan for renovations. The total construction area of ??Ke's family temple is more than 1,000 square meters. The overall building is magnificent, solid, simple and generous. The gate of the family temple is the Sanshan Gate, with the four words "Ke's Family Temple" written on it.
4. Common couplets of eight characters or more:
The body occupies the spring ao, and the writing invites the gods; the garden roosts with strange birds, and the poems are about celebrities: the first couplet refers to the story of Ke Qian, the number one scholar in the dynasty. Xia Lian Dian refers to Ke Shu Shi Dian, a Chaosan official in the Song Dynasty.
Originally came from Putian, where the green leaves were luxuriant and the world's most virtuous scholar; the source came from the ocean, and the fragrant spring inspired the reputation of the scholar's family: Zhuiyuan Hall of Kecuo Temple, Yangnei Township, Xiashan Town, Chaonan District, Shantou City, Guangdong Province. There are four three-dimensional stone carvings of figures at the head of Sanshan Gate, and four reliefs of flowers and birds on both sides. The carvings are exquisite and the images are lifelike. In the entrance patio, there is a stone manger, which is a relic of the Song Dynasty. Ahead of the patio is a hall, which is the middle hall in the entire temple. There is another well in the front of the middle hall, and the back hall in the back. The main building has a structure of three halls, two patios and a worship pavilion. There is a plaque hanging on the back hall, which reads "Zhuiyuan Hall". There is a worship pavilion at the back patio connected to the back hall.
The old news about the trees, the ancestors learned about it; the new catalpa material was discovered, and the descendants continued to paint: Zhuiyuan Hall of Kecuo Temple, Yangnei Township, Xiashan Town, Chaonan District, Shantou City, Guangdong Province. Zhuiyuan Hall of Ke Family Temple is a folk ancestral hall with a long history. The whole temple has 50 stone pillars and 20 wooden pillars. The lifting beams and passages form a mixed beam structure. The woodwork is either rough or finely carved, and the patterns and lines are smooth and beautiful. It has an obvious architectural art style of the Song and Ming Dynasties. Because the family temple is large in scale, has a long history and is relatively well preserved, it has high historical, cultural and artistic value for the study of folk ancestral halls in our province.
8. Historical celebrities:
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