Qin Shihuang Ying Zheng, Han Wu Emperor Liu Che, Tang Taizong Li Shimin, Song Taizu Zhao Kuangyin, Genghis Khan
Liu Che was born on the seventh day of July in the first year of Emperor Jing's reign (156 BC), BC He ascended the throne on March 21, 141. Liu Che's mother, Wang Quan, was married to the Jin family before entering the palace and gave birth to a daughter. Liu Che's grandmother listened to the fortune teller's words and took her away from the Jin family to marry the crown prince, who was later Emperor Jing of the Han Dynasty. Liu Che was appointed King of Jiaodong at the age of 4, and Prince at the age of 7. He ascended the throne at the age of 16. He reigned for 54 years (March 21, 141 BC - March 29, 87 BC), and died in 87 BC. March 29, 2011 (Dingmao day (fourteenth day) in February of the second year of the Yuan Dynasty). Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty ushered in the most prosperous period of the Western Han Dynasty, which was also the first development peak of China's feudal dynasty. His talents and strategies, as well as his literary and military skills, made the Han Dynasty the most powerful country in the world at that time, and he therefore became one of the great emperors in Chinese history. In addition, Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty was the first emperor in China to use a reign title. During his reign, the reign names used were: Jianyuan, Yuanguang, Yuanshuo, Yuanshou, Yuanding, Yuanfeng, Taichu, Tianhan, Taishi, Zhenghe, Houyuan. He was given the posthumous title "Xiaowu" and was buried in Maoling. "Hanshu" comments on Liu Che's "great talent and broad strategy", and "Posthumous Law" says that "power, strength and virtue are called Wu", which means majesty, strength, wisdom and benevolence are called Wu. In Chinese history books, "Qin, Emperor, Han and Wu" are often connected with each other. When we look at his history today, we cannot deny that he is an outstanding and special figure. His achievements had a profound impact on the course of Chinese history and the subsequent development of the Western Han Dynasty. At the beginning of his accession to the throne, Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty continued the policy of preserving health and replenishing the people that his father had implemented during his lifetime, further weakening the power of the princes, and promulgated the favor order proposed by the minister Zhufu Yan, using the legal system to promote the princes to enfeoff their sons into princes, so that the princes' fiefdoms had to self-regulate reduce. At the same time, he established a governor to supervise the local area. Strengthen the centralization of power, organize private businesses such as iron smelting, salt boiling, and wine making to be managed by the central government, prohibit the princely states from casting money, and centralize financial power in the central government. Ideologically, adopting Dong Zhongshu's suggestion of "deposing hundreds of schools of thought and respecting Confucianism alone" paved the way for Confucianism's special status in ancient China. Of course, during the period of Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty, the Han Dynasty did not lack the rule of law thinking. While promoting Confucianism, Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty also adopted regulations and criminal laws to consolidate the authority of the government and demonstrate the status of imperial power. Therefore, sinologists believe that this should be a system based on Confucianism and supplemented by law, with internal laws and external Confucianism. Confucianism is promoted to the general public to show the government's mercy, and harsh criminal laws are imposed on the government. Restrain ministers. Liu Che's full-body color portrait
After a series of economic development and people's livelihood policies such as the recuperation and recuperation in the Wenjing Dynasty, the national power of the Western Han Dynasty has flourished. While inheriting these policies, Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty actively prepared for the development of military power. After succeeding to the throne, he first put down the unrest in the Minyue Kingdom in the south. Later, he began to use military means to replace the humiliating peace policy to completely solve the threat of the Huns in the north. He sent famous generals Wei Qing and Huo Qubing to attack the Xiongnu three times on a large scale, took back the Hetao area, captured the Hexi Corridor, opened up the Western Regions, sealed the wolf in Xu, and pushed the northern territory of the Han Dynasty from along the Great Wall to the Yinshan Mountains and even beyond. While fighting the war against the Xiongnu, peaceful and military means were used to make the countries in the Western Regions surrender. After losing the fertile and lush Monan region, the Xiongnu royal court moved to Mobei and never recovered. This basically solved the Xiongnu threat to the Central Plains since the early Western Han Dynasty and laid the foundation for later incorporating the Western Region into Chinese territory. Zhang Qian was sent as an envoy to the Western Regions, and the Silk Road began. The Spring Festival began when the calendar was changed in the early days of the taichu period, and Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty corrected it.
Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty created several firsts in the history of the development of the Chinese nation: 1. Respecting Confucianism only. He listened to Dong Zhongshu's suggestion and "deposed hundreds of schools of thought and respected Confucianism alone" to create the orthodoxy of traditional Chinese mainstream culture. In the Chinese tradition It has dominated the cultural stage for more than two thousand years and has been highly praised by rulers of all ages. What needs to be explained here is that Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty did not restrict the development of other schools, but vigorously advocated the development of Confucianism combining Confucianism and Legalism, which is the so-called "Confucianism outside the law". For example, Xiahou Shichang studied Confucianism and was familiar with Yin and Yang and the Five Elements; Prime Minister Gongsun Hong also ruled the middle-aged Liu Che
Confucianism and Legalism; the father Yan started his family as a political strategist; the upright Sima Ji An talked about Sima Qian's theory of Huang Lao Start a business. 2. Establishing Chinese dynasties and suppressing foreign dynasties. During the reign of Emperor Huiwen and Jing, most of the prime ministers were treated politely because they were heroes who followed Liu Bang in conquering the world. Emperor Wu had many disagreements with the prime ministers, and would often use excuses to suppress and kill the prime ministers, which made the ministers in the DPRK unwilling to take over. The position of Prime Minister.
In order to implement his orders, he established China and North Korea, and the Shangshutai also appeared during this period. 3. Establishing an era name. The first emperor in Chinese history to use an era name. In 113 BC, Emperor Wu took the current year as the fourth year of Yuanding, and changed it to Jianyuan, Yuanguang, Yuanshuo and Yuanshou. Each year was named Six years. 4. Taichu Calendar Change In the first year of Taichu (104 BC), the Taichu calendar was changed, with the first month as the beginning of the year, and the color was still yellow. 5. Yantie Official Operations Yantie official operations have continued since the Han Dynasty. Today, Yantie tea is still mainly controlled by the government and state-owned enterprises. 6. Access to the Western Regions: China introduced technologies such as iron smelting, well digging, silk manufacturing, and lacquerware manufacturing. The West (regions) introduced courgettes, beans, flax, pomegranates, carrots, grapes, sweat horses, walnuts, and Tianma. A large number of silk fabrics and metal tools from the Central Plains were transported to the west, and iron casting technology and the well canal method were also spread to the Western Regions. It is of great historical significance. 7. The Founding of Taixue. Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty established Taixue and Xiangxue, established a meritocracy system, and formed China's unique civil service system. 8. In the fourth year of Sinji's imperial edict (89 BC), Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty declared to the world that he had caused suffering to the people, and he would no longer engage in military warfare, waste money and people, and even express his inner regret. This is the "Luntai Sin Ji Zhao". This edict was the first imperial edict in Chinese history to punish oneself.
Launched a war against the Xiongnu and expanded the territory
Stone statue of Bowang Hou Zhang Qian
Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty adopted a combination of soft and hard tactics. On the one hand, since Mayi in 133 BC The war ended the peace policy towards the Xiongnu since Emperor Gaozu, and officially declared war on the Xiongnu. He sent Wei Qing and Huo Qubing to conquer the Xiongnu, eliminated the Xiongnu threat, recaptured the Hetao and Hexi Corridor areas, expanded the territory of the Western Region, and put the Xiongnu into a passive surrender situation. , ensuring the economic and cultural development of the north.