In study, work or life, everyone has more or less come into contact with some classic ancient poems. According to their content, ancient poems can be divided into narrative poems, lyric poems, farewell poems, frontier poems, landscape poems, and nostalgia poems. Ancient poems (epic poems), poems chanting things, etc. There are many types of ancient poetry, do you know them all? Below are the ancient poems of Bai Juyi at Ye Yu that I compiled for you. You are welcome to learn from and refer to them. I hope it will be helpful to you.
Ye Yu Original text:
I miss someone far away.
I feel something deep in my heart.
My hometown is far away, and I can’t help but look at it every day.
I can’t understand it deeply, and I don’t think about it every day.
In this case, it’s a dark night, and I’m sleeping alone in an empty hall.
Autumn has not yet dawned, and the wind and rain are coming.
If you don’t learn the Toutu Dharma, you will never forget the past.
Background of Night Rain:
This poem was written in the sixth year of Yuanhe, when Bai Juyi was forty years old. It can be seen from "Sleeping Alone in an Empty Hall" that this poem was written for a woman who fell in love with the author. Moreover, scholar Zhou Xianglu has verified that this woman is Xiang Ling, who Bai Juyi mentioned several times in his poems as "the son of Chan Juan in the east."
Appreciation of Night Rain:
This poem is not a neat modern style poem that was popular in the Tang Dynasty. It has only seven sentences. The first four sentences use a lot of repeated words, and they are also inconsistent. Not in keeping with poetic habits. The description of imagery is placed after the narrative. There are no metaphors, allusions, or a large number of metaphors or comparisons in the whole poem. It can be said that there is no metrical fetters at all, and the most straightforward language is used to express the most sincere emotions.
At the beginning, the story to be narrated is straight to the point, as if the words that have been suppressed for a long time are blurted out, and the strong emotional color is immediately displayed in front of the reader without the need for image rendering. The four sentences are the same in form, but they are emotionally in-depth. The first sentence mentions missing her and how far away she is. It is a general summary. Until that point, there is no mention of what kind of person she is or how she misses her. . The second sentence focuses on missing, even to the extent of missing, but does not write deeply.
At this point in the writing, the center of the poem has already pointed out the frame, which is clear, but it is still just one picture. If we compare it with painting, the composition, or in other words, the outline of the outline of the fine brushwork, the lines are simple and powerful. The third sentence is an expansion and extension of the first sentence. How far away the hometown is, how deeply I miss my hometown, or more accurately, the life in my hometown and the people in my hometown. The fourth sentence expands and extends the second sentence. The first and third sentences are realistic, and the hometown and people exist objectively. The second and fourth sentences are fictitious, and the recollection of events and the feeling of stomach cramps are the poet's subjective emotions. One is real, the other is virtual, exaggerating the atmosphere. At this point in the writing, the line drawing has been dyed, a faint color appears, and the yin and yang, cold and warm colors are initially clear. The poet gives "people" a "separation" and "things" a "knot".
"Separation" and "knot" are both cold words, giving people the feeling of a pair of passionate lovers being torn apart. The beauty of these two words is that the poet used two words of "cold" to describe his fiery emotions, and the fiery was defeated by the cold. At this time, it seemed natural to elicit the feeling of colic in his liver and intestines, and moved the readers. Here, the poet uses another touching verb "looking forward". The hometown is far away. You can see it if you look forward to it, but you still want to look. Even if you can't see it, your heart has already returned to the lover in your hometown.
The previous article is about a long-term situation. Starting from the sentence "Chang Shi", the poet began to describe a night rain scene. When describing the rainy night scene in the title of this poem, the author cherishes words like gold. He only used two sentences and twenty words. But these twenty words are indeed one word and one pearl. These two sentences do not describe thoughts, thoughts, people, or things. They just describe many images in simple words, such as lights, halls, sky, wind and rain. The word "kuang" indicates that what these four sentences describe is a further addition to the premises of the first four sentences.
Therefore, the emotion is also increased by the thoughts in the first four sentences. One word "Kang" can replace thousands of words of psychological description, which can be described as a masterpiece. "Night" refers to time. Before "night", the poet used a noun as an adjective to describe "night" and "broken lamp". When the lamp is turned on at night and turns off, it must be late at night. The poet could not sleep at night, thinking about his lover for a long time. Under the dim light of the broken lamp, the long wick made the light flicker. How could the poet not be sad in this scene? No words naturally appear silent, and silence makes the room appear "empty" and lonely.
"Empty" does not necessarily mean a real lack of furniture, but a lack of "people". Ye Yu also said that the "empty hall" of people at the fifth watch does not necessarily mean the "empty" of the hall, which also expresses the feeling of loss in the poet's heart. "Autumn", "dawn" and "wind and rain" are even more integrated into the scenery. Autumn rain often gives people a feeling of coldness, and the broken lamp will not give the poet any warmth. The word "cangcang" not only describes the wind and rain, but also the poet's state of mind at this time. In these two sentences, there is not a word of missing, but every word of the poet's longing is colored. At this point in the writing, the color has been basically colored through white drawing.
The last sentence can be said to be the finishing touch, and it is written in a straightforward way, pushing the whole poem to a climax like a piece of music. I once saw this sentence in a book, "Forgetting words is important to forgetting words." For men and women who love each other but cannot be together, this is the cruelest Chinese character." I want to forget, but I can't forget. I want to forget, but I don't dare to forget. The poet's unforgettable love ended in this fruitless ending. Countless thoughts, where to pour out. At this point, a masterpiece is completed. The whole poem runs through Bai Juyi's grand, simple and wonderful style. Although it writes about love and longing, it is not as graceful as most love poems. It is grand and yet delicate. This is not deliberate, but an emotional expression. To, a kind of nature.
Author information:
Bai Juyi (772-846), whose courtesy name was Letian, also known as Xiangshan Jushi, and Mr. Zuiyin, was originally from Taiyuan, and moved to Xiagui when his great-grandfather lived. He was a great realist poet in the Tang Dynasty and one of the three major poets in the Tang Dynasty. Bai Juyi and Yuan Zhen jointly advocated the New Yuefu Movement, known as "Yuan Bai" in the world, and "Liu Bai" together with Liu Yuxi. Bai Juyi's poetry has a wide range of themes, diverse forms, and simple and popular language. He is known as the "Poetry Demon" and the "Poetry King". He became a bachelor of the Hanlin Academy and a doctor of Zuo Zanshan. There is "Bai's Changqing Collection" handed down from generation to generation, and his representative poems include "Song of Everlasting Sorrow", "The Charcoal Seller", "Pipa Play" and so on. Bai Juyi died in Luoyang in 846 AD and was buried in Xiangshan.
Notes
① Township: hometown.
②Looking: looking far away or high, admiring and placing hope.
③Xi: At sunset: sunset. Sunset. Get along day and night. Wuxi: day and night.
④ Candeng: something bad. Night: Dark night refers to the darkness of the future.
⑤empty hall: empty house.
⑥Xiao: Coming, coming.
⑦正: At this time. Cang Cang: One after another.
⑧Toutuo: ascetic monk.
⑨An: What?
Gao Buying of the Republic of China: "Summary of Poems of the Tang and Song Dynasties": Every word is calm and the body is clear, which is worthy of the praise.
Author:
Bai Juyi (772-846), whose courtesy name was Lotte and also known as Xiangshan Jushi, was a native of Weinan, Shaanxi today. In his early years, he was enthusiastic about helping the world, emphasizing the political function of poetry, and striving to be popular. He wrote sixty poems such as "New Yuefu" and "Qin Zhongyin". Du Fu's "Three Officials" and "Three Farewells" are both famous historical poems. The long narrative poems "Song of Everlasting Sorrow" and "Song of Everlasting Sorrow" represent his highest artistic achievement. In his middle age, he suffered setbacks in the officialdom. "Since then, I have been separated from my official career, and I cannot talk about worldly affairs from now on." However, he still wrote many good poems and did many good deeds for the people. The Baidi in Hangzhou's West Lake still remains to commemorate him. . In his later years, he paid great attention to landscapes and wrote some short poems. A poem presented to Liu Yuxi goes: "Don't listen to the old songs and old songs, but listen to the new words "Willow Branches"", which shows that he has composed some new words by himself. One of them, "Hua Fei Hua", has a hazy beauty, which was highly appreciated by later poets such as Ouyang Xiu, Zhang Xian and Yang Shen.
Appreciation:
Relatives and friends far away make people yearn for them, and the songs in their hearts make people turn around. This is a shining "jewel in the ocean" but it is nowhere to be found in almost all selected books. Now and in the future, its story may be spread to "far away villages" and make the world "knit deeply in the heart".