Wen--Xi Bo posthumously named King Wen of Zhou, and his concubine named him Wen Shichang
There are five sources:
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1. It comes from the surname Ji, which is a surname named after a posthumous title. According to relevant materials such as "Customs", in the late Shang Dynasty, the Zhou people living in the Weihe River Basin gradually became stronger. Shang King Wen Ding felt threatened by the Zhou people, so he found an excuse to kill Ji Li, the leader of the Zhou people (surnamed Ji). After Ji Li's son Ji Chang came to the throne, he worked hard to govern and won the support of the people. He was named Xibo by King Zhou of Shang Dynasty. Because Xibo's reputation was too high, King Zhou found an excuse to imprison Xibo and later released him. After Xibo returned to the Zhou Dynasty, with the virtuous minister Jiang Shang as his assistant, he successively annexed Yu, Rui, Li (southwest of today's Changzhi, Shanxi), Chong (north of today's Songxian County, Henan) and other countries, and built Fengyi (west of Fengshui today in Chang'an, Shaanxi). ), as the capital, formed a "three-part world" situation, and its strength exceeded that of the Shang Dynasty. Xibo reigned for 50 years. After his death, his son King Wu of Zhou inherited his legacy, completed the great cause of destroying Shang, and established the Zhou Dynasty in the 11th century BC, with its capital in Hao (today's east of Fengshui, Chang'an, Shaanxi). Xibo was posthumously named King Wen of Zhou. Among King Wen's descendants, some of them took his posthumous name "Wen" as their surname and were called Wen's family. It is the Wen family of Shaanxi.
2. It comes from Wenzi, a general of the Zhou Dynasty. According to "A Survey of Surnames" and other records, the Wei State (a vassal state with the surname Ji that was enfeoffed by the Zhou Dynasty) was established in the early years of the Western Zhou Dynasty. It first established its capital in Chaoge, then moved its capital to Chuqiu, and later to Diqiu. In 209 BC, it was During the Spring and Autumn Period, during the reign of Duke Xiang of Wei, there was a general named Sun Wenzi, who was a very prestigious figure. The descendants of Sun Wenzi took their ancestral name as their surname, and were called the Wen family, which was the Henan Wen family.
3. Comes from the surname Jiang, after Uncle Jiang Wen, a descendant of Emperor Yan. According to relevant information, at the beginning of the Western Zhou Dynasty, King Wu of the Zhou Dynasty granted Uncle Wen, a Miao descendant of Taiyue, a descendant of Emperor Yan, to Xu (in today's Xuchang City, Henan Province) and established the Xu Kingdom as a vassal state with the surname Jiang. During the Spring and Autumn Period, Xu State was forced by Zheng Chu and moved its capital four times. In 576 BC, it moved to Ye (southwest of today's Ye County, Henan), in 553 BC to Chengfu (southeast of today's Bozhou, Anhui), and in 529 BC it moved to Ye again. In 524, he moved to Baiyu (now Xixia, Henan). In 506 BC, he moved to Rongcheng (southeast of today's Lushan County, Henan). In the early years of the Warring States period, he was destroyed by Chu (one theory is that he was destroyed by Wei), and his descendants were scattered. In addition to the surnames that take the original country name "Xu" as their surname, there are also those who take the surname of the founding monarch of the Xu country, Uncle Wen, as their surname.
4. It comes from the surname (female) and is the descendant of (female) Manchu. It is a surname named after the posthumous title. During the Warring States Period, there was an aristocrat named Tian Wen from the State of Qi (now part of Shandong). He was the grandson of King Wei of Qi and was known as Lord Mengchang. He had thousands of diners under his family and was a famous politician at that time. Later, the noble Tian Jia of the Qi State rebelled, and Lord Mengchang fled to the State of Wei (a vassal state in the Western Zhou Dynasty, north of Ruicheng, Shanxi today), where he served as prime minister and was given the posthumous title Wenzi after his death. Later generations also took "Wen" as their surname, and they became the Shanxi Wen family.
5. Changing the surname out of respect for the surname is taboo. During the Five Dynasties and later Jin Dynasty, in order to avoid the name taboo of Shi Jingtang, the founder of Jin Dynasty, the surname "Jing" was changed to "Wen". For example, Wen Yanbo and Wen Tianxiang in the Song Dynasty, their ancestors (during the Tang and Five Dynasties) all had the surname Jing.
Distribution of the Wen surname
As early as the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period, people from the Wen clan moved to the Jianghuai area. At the end of the Spring and Autumn Period, a man from Chu State served as a doctor in the State of Yue, assisting King Gou Jian of Yue. The king and his ministers worked hard to become stronger, and finally destroyed the State of Wu. In the Western Han Dynasty, Lujiang Shu County (now Lujiangxi, Anhui) was a cultural figure who served as the governor of Shu in the last years of Emperor Jing. He contributed to the development of local culture. One of his descendants developed and multiplied in Sichuan. From the Western Han Dynasty to the Three Kingdoms period, the Wen family living in Henan were mainly distributed in Kaifeng, Nanyang, Yongcheng, Gushi and other places. In the southeast of Gushi County, there are ruins of the ancient city of Wen, where cultural relics of the Han Dynasty were unearthed, and it is said that it has been the place where the Wen clan has lived for generations. After the Tang Dynasty, the Wen family was widely distributed across the country and was said to be popular in Shanxi and Jiangnan.
According to research, the surname Wen ranks 100th among the most common Han surnames in China. Recently, there are overseas Chinese with literary surnames in Singapore and other countries.
Junwang Hall No.
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Letter Guotang and Zhengqi Hall: In the Song Dynasty, Wen Tianxiang was the prime minister of Zuo. He sent a letter to the Marquis of the country and entered Chaoyang. The Yuan general Zhang Hongfan arrived and captured Wen Tianxiang. He stayed in Yan for three years and remained unyielding. He composed "Song of Zhengqi".
County Hope:
Yanmen County: King Wuling of Zhao established the county in the Warring States Period, and the seat of Qin and Western Han Dynasty was Shanwu (today's Youyunan, Shanxi). It is equivalent to the area north of Hequ, Wuzhai and Ningwu counties in Shanxi today, west of Hengshan Mountain, and south of Huangqihai and Daihai in Inner Mongolia. The Eastern Han Dynasty moved to Zhiyin Guan (now northwest of Dai County, Shanxi).
Genealogy of the Wen family
In 1929, Wen Nuanyu compiled the "Genealogy of the Wen family".
Clan Zi Sect
Zi Generation:
Jiangyou Wen Family Genealogy New Zi Generation ：Chang Hong's ancestral virtues, benevolence, justice, propriety, wisdom and trust, the integrity of the wind spreads far and wide, *** *** reaches, thousands of rocks and bamboo branches are green, thousands of mountains are strong with pines and cypresses, the clouds on the right side of the river are high, and there are talents from generation to generation.
The Wen family in Laiyang, Shandong Province: Shuo Gui Shi En, Qi Feng Yu Tong, Hong Xian Zhi Rui, Lin Fu Chun Rong.
The generation of the Wen family in Changsha, Hunan: always abides by the virtues of the past, promotes the great philosophers, is good at Xifu, is a friend, filial and loyal, has become a hero, is famous in Chuze, has learned to become an official, and has excellent economics.
The descendants of the Wen family in Gushi, Henan: inherit loyalty from generation to generation, pass on Yifang forever, Ke Qing Xianze, Yong Guan Boliang.
Sichuan Guang'an Wen family: The country is upright and the heart is smooth, the Three Pure Realms are completed, the green glory is obvious, and the auspiciousness is presented to the court.
Sichuan Fushun Wen family: Shaoyi Tongtianda, always remembering the ancestors, great blessings to Zhongren, loyalty, filial piety and discipline, virtue and bright government, paintings passed down from generation to generation, abiding by the will of the sages and set as the decree of the state.
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The generation of the Wen family in Yingshan, Sichuan: Xiguang Wei Zongyu, who aspired to inherit the learning from the ancestors, cultivated his ancestors with virtue, and inspired his descendants with his poems and books.
Frequency, sincerity can continue the sequence, Yongmu is benevolent, poems and books can strengthen the world, rituals and music can enrich the reputation of the family, greatly promote the crown and glory, and the heroes can be renewed for generations.
Chongqing Wanzhou Wen clan generation: The fortune star is in the direction of the dynasty, Yingzheng Yongting is in charge of it, the family heirloom is transformed into Zuo, the ancestor is Shao Shuhong, rich and benevolent, he is a talented person, and he is the leader of the world. Virtue, far-reaching and virtuous.
Hunan Ya'an Wen family: Transparency must be a pearl, it should be in the dynasty (existence), it will shine brightly, and it will always be in the (light).
The descendants of the Wen family in Leiyang, Hunan: inherit the ancestral will forever, abide by the law and prosper in the world, show filial piety to friends, reveal the meaning of the poems and books, can be presented to the family and the court, establish the body and run the Zang, and be a virtuous person for all generations. With great talent, he came to the court to celebrate and praise Xiang.
The generation of the Wen family in You County, Hunan: inherited virtues, loyal and virtuous, abiding by etiquette and righteousness, running the family well, far away from the ancestors' aspirations, observing the glory of the country, obeying the Yi religion, and being influenced by it. Hole length.
The Wen family of Hengshan, Hunan Province: The court succeeds in upholding integrity and should be opened up to the great. Xixian Mingzong's virtues, diligently preaching and celebrating the long history, admiring the classics and promoting the inheritance, and continuing the Yi chapter.
The generation of the Wen family in Xiangxiang, Hunan: The Jiaying Kingdom of the Ming Dynasty has endured ten thousand years of morality. It is the end of the official life, the most talented people are expected to be the first, the poems and books are the first, and the rituals and music are passed down in the past. Loyalty, overcoming the rope and looking up to the virtuous.
The generation of the Wen family in Luxi, Hunan: prosperous and prosperous, the body is flourishing, famous people are celebrated for a long time, and they are prosperous for thousands of years.
The Wen family of Shimen, Hunan Province: The scenery must be prosperous, the star of all nations will be prosperous, the scholars of interpretation will be bright, the prosperous age will promote learning, and the good will be continued and loyal.
The Wen family in Lixian County, Hunan Province: The Guangming family has a strong reputation, and their learning is determined by Liang Zhong.
Hunan Taoyuan Wen family name: Bifa public sect: bright and prosperous times, prosperous times and loyalty. Bida Gong Sect: Ji Confucianism started from the Southern Kingdom and inherited the first righteousness. The official sect of the Great Appointment: The splendid light on the successors and ministers becomes more and more long and Pi Zhenzhong. Comprehensive character generation: Jing Ming Tong Pei, Xi Ding Xiang Xiang, Ren Pei Yuan Ben, Industry abides by the regulations, Appearance and auspicious sign, Xin Praise and fame, Longevity increases grace, Xiu Wei Zuo grows.
Heilongjiang Harbin Wen surname generation: Jiazhi brings good fortune, establishes Taoism and succeeds to the eldest son, the son inherits the virtue, Yiqi promotes Yongchang.
The generation of the Wen family in Dalian, Liaoning: The palace was first governed by Zhong, An Huai was transformed into Yong, the foundation was increased smoothly, and the Yuanshi restored Zhongming.
The Wen family in Liu'an, Anhui Province: Xinhua is the heirloom of the family. Talents are passed down from generation to generation. Honors are many and kind, and they are determined to be prosperous forever.
The generation of the Wen family in Yulin, Guangxi: Shaoyu Xingqi Hongyeyuan, Pi Jixin Guoci Qinlong.
Guizhou Dafang Wen's generation: Heavenly jade is of great virtue, the son opens the dynasty and becomes prosperous, the iron is prosperous, and the country is forever prosperous.
Historical celebrities
Wen Xiang: One of the leaders of the Westernization Movement in the Qing Dynasty, Sheng Jing ( Near Shenyang City, Liaoning Province) is a native of Zhenghong Banner. He served successively as the right minister of the Ministry of Industry and the right minister of the Ministry of Personnel in the Qing Dynasty. In 1861, he served as the minister of the Prime Minister's Yamen and participated in the "Qixiang Coup". Later he became a bachelor of Wuyingdian and minister of military aircraft. He pursued Yi Xin's ideas and tried his best to promote the "New Deal" of Westernization.
Wen Tingshi: Political celebrity, native of Pingxiang, Jiangxi, Guangxu Jinshi, former bachelor's student at the Hanlin Academy. He supported Guangxu's pro-government and supported Kang Youwei's initiative to strengthen the society. Therefore, he was jealous of the Empress Dowager Cixi and was dismissed from his post. After the Reform Movement of 1898, he traveled east to Japan. He is good at poetry, and he also writes about current affairs. He is the author of "Yun Qixuan Poetry Copy", "Wen Chen Ouji" and so on.
Wenkang: Novelist, a native of Manchuria who raised the red flag, once served as the magistrate of Huizhou, and later became the minister in Tibet. He died at home before taking up the post due to illness. In his later years, he wrote "The Heroes of Sons and Daughters".
Wen Zhengming (one of the four great talents in Jiangnan)
Wen Zhengming: A calligrapher and painter of the Ming Dynasty, he was born in Changzhou (now Wuxian County, Jiangsu Province). He was good at poetry, calligraphy and painting, and he was good at painting. Together with Shen Zhou, Tang Yin and Qiu Ying, he was known as the "Four Ming Schools" and was known as "one of the four great talents in the south of the Yangtze River". His reputation was more important than ever and he had many children, so he was known as the "Wu Clan".
Wen Peng: Seal engraver, calligrapher and painter, the eldest son of Wen Zhengming. He inherited his family learning and was also good at calligraphy and painting. He was also good at seal engraving. His style was stable and workmanlike. He was also known as He Zhen. "Wenhe".
Wenjia: Painter, the second son of Wen Zheng, good at regular script, good at painting landscapes, beautiful pen and ink, and good at flowers.
Wen Yanbo: Prime Minister of the Northern Song Dynasty, a native of Jiexiu, Fenzhou (now part of Shanxi). He served for about 50 years and was well-known in all barbarians. He was later named Duke of Lu.
Wen Tianxiang (a patriot whose loyalty is reflected in history)
Wen Tianxiang, with a courtesy calligraphy and a good character, changed his courtesy name to Song Dynasty Rui, whose name was Wenshan, was from Luling, Jizhou (now Ji'an County, Jiangxi). Minister, national hero and writer of the Southern Song Dynasty. He was born in the late Southern Song Dynasty and unswervingly persisted in the struggle against the Yuan Dynasty. After the failure of the resistance against the Yuan Dynasty, he was captured in Wupocen (now north of Haifeng County, Guangdong) and died on the ninth day of December in the nineteenth year of the Yuan Dynasty (January 9, 1283). was killed. The "Guide Lu" written by him can be described as the history of poetry, and the "Song of Righteousness" written in prison is especially praised by the world. Author of "The Complete Works of Mr. Wenshan".
When Wen Tianxiang was born, it was when the Mongolian army attacked the Southern Song Dynasty. When he was growing up, he saw the miserable scenes of foreign invasion and people suffering. As a result, the determination to patriotism and resist the Yuan Dynasty was born in his young mind; at the same time, Wen Tianxiang did not give up his studies and actively participated in the imperial examination. In May of the fourth year of Baohu (1256), Lizong participated in the palace examination and became a Famous young champion. Wen Tianxiang was appointed Chengshilang in the first year of Emperor Lizong's reign (1259). During the fifteen years from the first month of the first year of Emperor Deyou (1275), he only served as an official for five years, and two-thirds of that time was spent in hiding. Spend time in escape and tranquility.
Wen Tianxiang was very determined to resist the enemy, but in the end he could not defeat the fierce Yuan army. In the first month of the second year of Dehu (1276), Emperor Duanzong of the Song Dynasty surrendered in Lin'an and Wen Tianxiang was captured. The enemy used all kinds of threats and inducements, promising high officials and generous salaries, but Wen Tianxiang remained unmoved. The Yuan army took him hostage and took him to the north to force him to submit. .
Wen Tianxiang managed to escape midway and returned to the southeast coast to organize forces to resist the enemy. He fought hard on land and sea for many years. When he had a little strength, he once organized a northern expedition, which greatly troubled the Yuan army. However, due to being outnumbered, Wen Tianxiang was defeated at Wupoten and was captured again. The Yuan army detained Wen Tianxiang to Yanjing (today's Beijing), and continued to use threats and inducements to promise high officials and generous salaries in order to disrupt the people's anti-Yuan struggle. Wen Tianxiang remained indifferent. Seeing that the conspiracy could not be realized, the Yuan people finally killed Wen Tianxiang on the ninth day of December in the nineteenth year of the Yuan Dynasty. A great patriot fell under the enemy's butcher knife and ended his glorious life.
Wen Tianxiang was full of righteousness throughout his life, did not covet high-ranking officials and rich salaries, and resisted the enemy throughout his life. This was the most essential expression of his patriotic enthusiasm. In feudal society, it is really commendable for an intellectual to do this.
Wen Tianxiang is not only a national hero, but also a writer full of patriotic enthusiasm. He left a large number of patriotic poems in his life, such as "Guide Lu", which can be described as the history of poetry; it is even more popular. "Song of Righteousness", as well as the heart-warming poem "Who has never died in life since ancient times, will leave a loyal heart to illuminate history", inspired generations of people with lofty ideals to fight for the survival and development of the Chinese nation. Today, I read It's still fresh and alive.
Genre: During the Spring and Autumn Period, people from Chu State served as officials in the State of Yue and assisted King Gou Jian of Yue. The monarchs and ministers worked hard to become stronger, and finally destroyed the State of Wu. Later, Gou Jian believed the slander and ordered him to commit suicide with a sword.
Wen Qiang (1907-2001). Wen Qiang is an old man with a very special experience. His parents had followed Sun Yat-sen, and he was Wen Tianxiang's 23rd generation grandson and ***'s cousin. Wen Qiang met Mr. Sun Yat-sen when he was 17 years old. Wen Qiang is also a relative of ***. He said that his aunt Wen Qimei was Chairman Mao's mother, and Chairman Mao was his cousin. He had the deepest relationship with Mao Zetan, Mao Zetan's younger brother. After graduating from middle school, the two took the same boat to apply for the Whampoa Military Academy in Guangzhou. Wen Lao was admitted to the fourth phase of the Whampoa Military Academy. He was in the same class as Lin Biao and was in the same class with Zhou Enlai's brother Zhou Enshou and Li Dazhao's nephew Li Yunchang. Mao Zetan entered the peasant movement training center organized by the Communist Party of China in Guangzhou. Wen Qiang joined the Chinese Communist Youth League in 1924. After arriving in Guangzhou in 1925, he was introduced to the Chinese Communist Party by Zhou Enlai. In Guangzhou, he was also invited to attend the wedding of Zhou Enlai and Deng Yingchao with Zhou Enshou. Together with Zhou Enshou, the congratulatory gift given to the bride and groom was a banner with the message "Happy Flowers, Full Moon, Life". At that time, Zhou Enlai served as an instructor at Whampoa Military Academy, and the principal was Chiang Kai-shek. Wen Qiang was also Lin Biao's squad leader and had a fight with Lin Biao because Lin Biao's gun went off. After joining the Communist Party of China, he was introduced to the Communist Party by Shao Lizi. He participated in the Northern Expedition and the Nanchang Uprising. He served as a member of the party committee and major company commander of the 3rd Division of the 20th Army led by He Long. Later, he moved to Sichuan with the army and served as Pass *** Member of the Standing Committee of the Sichuan Provincial Party Committee and Secretary of the Military Commission, division commander and political commissar of the 1st Red Division, leading 23 counties in Sichuan. He was later arrested for betrayal by a traitor. After successfully escaping from prison, he was influenced by Wang Ming's left-leaning opportunism and left Sichuan for Shanghai. In search of Zhou Enlai resigned from the party without finding anyone to appeal to. In desperation, he joined the Communist Party after being introduced by the famous military generals Cheng Qian and Zhang Zhizhong and Huangpu instructors. During the Anti-Japanese War, he was highly used by Dai Li and joined the military commander. He led the military commander to conduct intelligence and instigation of rebellion behind enemy lines in Shanghai. He obtained intelligence about Japan's attack on Pearl Harbor, but Britain and the United States did not believe it. During this period, he refused ***'s request to go back. After the victory of the Anti-Japanese War, Hu Zongnan, commander of the Eighth War Zone, and Sun Lianzhong, commander of the Eleventh War Zone, sent telegrams to Chiang Kai-shek, saying that Wen Qiang had made great contributions to the fight against Japan and should be promoted to lieutenant general. In 1946, Chiang Kai-shek officially approved Wen Qiang as Lieutenant General. After Dai Li's death, Wen Qiang left the military and served as director of the general office under his father's old friend Cheng Qian. In 1948, Du Yuming definitely asked him to go to Xuzhou as deputy chief of staff and was captured in the Huaihai Campaign. He received amnesty in 1975 and was elected as a member of the National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference.