The surname Wang is the largest surname in China (according to data released by the Public Security Bureau of the Ministry of Public Security), one of the three largest surnames in the world, and the oldest surname in China. In "Hundred Family Surnames" Ranked 8th. In addition to China, there are also many people with the surname Wang in North Korea. In Guangdong, "Wang" and "Huang" have the same pronunciation in Cantonese, so they are two surnames respectively. The surname Wang is usually called "Three Drawing King".
According to a 1977 paper by Chinese historian Li Dongming on "surnames" published in "Oriental Magazine", the surname Wang is one of the top ten Chinese surnames in the world.
Xinhuanet, Beijing, April 24 (Xinhua) A recent statistical analysis of the national household registration population by the Public Security Bureau of the Ministry of Public Security showed that Wang is the most common surname in my country, with 92.881 million people, accounting for the country's population. 7.25% of the total.
The surname Wang is one of the three surnames with the largest population in my country, and its origin is very complex.
According to "Tongzhi Clan Brief": The Wang clan in the Jingzhao and Hejian areas are said to be descendants of Bi Gonggao, the fifteenth son of King Wen of Zhou, so this branch is It comes from the surname Ji; the surname Wang in Beihai (now in Shandong) and Chenliu (near today's Kaifeng, Henan) is said to be the descendant of Emperor Shun. This branch comes from the king surnamed Gui; while in Jidu County The Wang surname in today's Xinxiang area of ??Henan Province said that he was after Prince Bigan, and came from the surname Zi; the above three branches are all related to the meaning of "Wang" itself. Among the many branches of the Wang family, the one derived from the descendants of King Wen Ji of Zhou is still the most famous.
There are also some descendants of minority dynasties who are named Wang because their ancestors were kings. For example, the Wang surname in Henan comes from the Kepin family; those in Fengyi area are originally descendants of the Xiner clan; the Wang surname in Yingzhou, Shandong comes from the Kingdom of Koryo; and the Andong Wang surname is originally from Ashibu. "Guangyun" summarizes the famous families with the surname Wang into 21 places: Taiyuan (now Shanxi), Langye (Shandong), Chenliu (Henan), Donghai (Shandong), Gaoping (Gansu), Jingzhao (Xi'an), Tianshui ( Gansu), Dongping (Shandong), Xincai (Dangnan), Xinye (Henan), Shanyang (Shandong), Zhongshan (Hebei), Zhangwu (Hebei), Dongcai (Shandong), Hedong (Shanxi), Jincheng (Jiangsu) ). Among them, the Wang family in Taiyuan and Langye are particularly famous.
Precisely because the origin of the surname Wang is quite old, it has many sources in the changes of history. In addition to being from the royal family, there are also many people who were given the surname Wang or pretended to be the surname Wang. For example, the great-great-grandson Jia of King Dan of Yan presented a talisman to Wang Mang and was given the surname Wang. For example, Wang Shichong, a local separatist in the late Sui Dynasty, was originally from the Western Regions. The Hu Zhi family took the surname Wang; the Liang general Wang Sengbian in the Southern Dynasties, Benwu Wan family, belonged to the Xianbei tribe and was named king by the Wanyan family in the Jin Dynasty, so he changed his name to Wang Han. Not only do many Chinese royal families bear the surname Wang, but many descendants of tribal leaders and rulers of ethnic minorities also bear the surname Wang. The meaning is roughly the same as the above-mentioned Wang surnames from Ji, Gui, and Zi. . Therefore, the surname "Wang" has many sources, is widely distributed, and has a prosperous population.
Among the many branches of the Wang family, the one originating from the descendants of King Wen of Zhou with the surname Ji is still the most famous. This Wang surname originated from the original Zhou Dynasty, which is today's Gansu and Shaanxi Xi'an areas, and its subsequent main enfeoffment areas were in today's Shandong Province. According to textual research, Wang Dao, a famous official in the Zhongxing Dynasty of Jin Dynasty, is the descendant of this Wang family who multiplied in Shandong. His descendants have been married for generations, making the Wang family a famous family for a while.
Origin of the surname
1. Comes from the surname Ji. Ji Jin, the crown prince of King Ling of Zhou, was deposed as a commoner because of his outspoken advice. He moved to Langya (today's Jiaonan area of ??Shandong Province) and thrived for generations. Because they were originally from a royal family, the world called them the "Wang family" and continued to use the Cheng surname. There was also Bi Gonggao, the fifteenth son of King Wen of Zhou. His descendants were scattered in the Jingzhao and Hejian areas for some reasons. Because they were originally from the royal family, they called themselves Wang. Later generations followed it unchanged and gradually became a popular surname. There was also Chi, the grandson of King Ping of Zhou who fled to Jin. His descendants changed their surname to Wang to commemorate his identity. In addition, at the end of the Warring States Period, the descendants of Duke Huan of the Western Zhou Dynasty changed their surnames to Wang in order to commemorate their original residence in Wangcheng after being destroyed by Qin.
2. The surname Gui comes from the ancient emperor Yu Shun, who lived in the Beihai and Chenliu areas. Because of the descendants of the ancient kings, the surname was Wang.
3. It comes from the surname Zi and is a descendant of Chengtang. At the end of the Yin Dynasty, Prince Bigan, the uncle of King Zhou, was killed for admonishing King Zhou and was buried in Jijun. His descendants lived there to guard the tomb. Because of his royal family origin, his surname was changed to Wang.
4. Comes from the surname Tian.
In 368 BC, Tian He replaced the surname Jiang as the monarch of Qi. It was called "Tian's generation of Qi" in history. It was passed down to eight kings and was destroyed by Qin. His descendants were deposed as common people. One of them considered themselves the royal family of Qi, so they Take Wang as the surname.
5. It comes from after Wei Xianzi in the Spring and Autumn Period. The three families of Han, Zhao and Wei were divided into Jin and each became king. The later Wei Dynasty died in Qin, and its royal family took refuge in various places. Because many of them were descendants of the king of Wei, they changed their surname to Wang. For example, Wei Wuji, Lord of Xinling, took refuge in Mount Tai, entered the Western Han Dynasty, and was named Lord of Lanling. Later, he claimed that he came from a noble family and changed his surname to Wang.
6. Comes from Yan Taizi Dan. At the end of the Western Han Dynasty, Wang Mang usurped the Han Dynasty and established himself as the emperor. Prince Dan's great-great-grandson named Jia presented a talisman and was favored by Wang Mang. He was given the surname Wang, the same as the emperor. In history, many people were given the surname Wang, and their descendants also took Wang as their surname.
7. From ethnic minorities. According to "Tongzhi. Clan Brief": "Those with the Wang surname who came out of Henan were the Kepin clan; those who came out of Fengxu were the Xiner clan; those who came out of Yingzhou were from Gaoli; those who came from Andong were from the Ke Shibu clan. These are all kings with the surname, and most of them will be named Wang after the king."
8. Those who changed their surname to Wang. For example, Wang Sengbian, a Liang general in the Southern Dynasties, was originally from the Xianbei tribe and his surname was Wuwan, but he later changed his surname to Wang; in the Sui Dynasty, there was Wang Shichong, who was originally from the Hu branch of the Western Regions. After entering the Central Plains, he also changed his surname to Wang; in the Five Dynasties, Liu After leaving Fei, he changed his name to Wang Baoyi, and his descendants adopted the surname Wang; some of the Manchu Wanyan clan changed their surname to Wang; and the Mongolian Yelu clan also changed their surname to Wang.
9. Simplified from the compound surname. There are many royal surnames in this situation. According to statistics, there are at least 14, namely prince, royal father, royal official, royal person, royal history, royal uncle, royal grandson, Wang Zhou, Cheng Wang, Wei Wang, Wu Wang and Xi Wang. , Xiao Wang, Le Wang.
10. From the royal family of the Yuan Dynasty. The six sons of Genghis Khan fled to the Central Plains to escape persecution and pursuit caused by seizing the throne. Because he was a prince, he changed his surname to Wang to show his identity.
A detailed examination of the origin of the surname - there are five main sources of the surname Wang:
First, it comes from the surname Ji: from this, three branches of the Ji surname family that constitute the main body of the Wang family are derived. Faction:
1. Descendants of Bi Gonggao, the fifteenth son of King Wen of Zhou.
According to "Tongzhi? Clan Briefing" and "New Tang Book? Genealogy List of Prime Ministers", Bi Gonggao was the younger brother of King Wu of Zhou. At the beginning of the Zhou Dynasty, he was granted the title of Bi (now northwest of Xianyang, Shaanxi). , was a duke, so he was called Bi Gonggao in history. During the Spring and Autumn Period, his grandson Bi Wan left Bi State and went to Jin Dynasty. He became a Situ and was entrusted to Wei. He passed it to Wei Wenhou Si and divided Jin State with Zhao and Han. It was destroyed by Qin in 225 BC, and its descendants were scattered in all directions. Because they were kings, they were all called the Wang family.
The surname Ji was a famous and popular surname in the pre-Qin period. After King Wu destroyed the Shang Dynasty, the surname Ji was still the dominant one in the Western Zhou Dynasty for three and a half centuries.
The ancestor of the surname Ji is Houji recorded in historical records. Legend has it that Houji's mother was named Jiang Yuan. Once she went to the wild and saw a huge human footprint. She was very curious because she had never seen such a huge footprint. She walked over and stepped on the huge footprint to see how much bigger it was than her own foot. Unexpectedly, she became pregnant after stepping on it, and later gave birth to a boy. Jiang originally thought that the boy was not a good omen, so he threw him on the street, hoping that the passing cows and horses would trample him to death. Unexpectedly, when the cows and horses saw the child, they all took a detour. Jiang Yuan wanted to throw him away in the forest again, but there were people everywhere she went, so she failed. Finally, Jiang Yuan came to a canal. It was winter and the water in the canal was frozen. Jiang Yuan put him on the ice and wanted to freeze him to death. Just then, another big bird flew over. It lay on the ice and used its huge wings to protect the child. Jiang originally thought that the child was protected by gods and was not an ordinary person, so he gave up the plan of abandoning him and took him home to raise him. Because this child was once abandoned, the child's name was abandoned.
Because he was good at growing grains, he was promoted to a farmer during the reign of Emperor Yao. After Shun succeeded to the throne, he was granted the title of Houji in Tai (southwest of today's Wugong County, Shaanxi Province), and his surname was Ji.
In the third generation after Hou Ji, a man named Gong Liu came out of the Ji tribe, which made the Ji tribe develop rapidly. This was the early stage of the establishment of the Yin and Shang dynasties.
In the ninth generation after Gong Liu, another man named Gu Gong (trembling-page) father came out of the Ji tribe.
At that time, the local Rongdi people often invaded the Ji tribe. In order to avoid conflicts with them, Gu Gong (trembling-page) led the tribe to migrate from Bin (today's southwest of Xunyi County, Shaanxi) to Qishan (today's Qishan, Shaanxi). Northeast of the county) at the foot. Ancient Gong Xuanfu led the tribe to build cities and houses here, and established a bureaucracy to manage tribal affairs, thus achieving the scale of a country.
The grandson of Gu Gong is the famous King Wen of Zhou Jichang in history. At that time, it was during the brutal rule of King Zhou of Shang Dynasty. Ji Chang was very benevolent and polite to the virtuous and corporal people, which was in sharp contrast to him. Ji Zhou's power continued to develop, and he successively conquered some small surrounding countries, and moved the capital east to Fengyi (today's west bank of the Feng River in the northwest of Chang'an County, Shaanxi Province). By the time King Wu of Zhou Jifa finally overthrew the Yin Shang Dynasty and established the Zhou Dynasty.
King Wu of Zhou had many brothers, one of whom was named Gao and was the 15th son of King Wen. Ji Gao played an important role in King Wu's destruction of Shang and the political life of the early Zhou Dynasty. After King Wu destroyed the Shang Dynasty, he held a solemn ceremony to enter the Shang capital. After entering the city, Ji Gao was ordered to open the prison of the Yin Shang Dynasty and release the people imprisoned there. Then he took over the Shang Dynasty's institution in charge of music and etiquette. Therefore, when King Wu enfeoffed the princes, Ji Gao was enfeoffed in Bi (now northwest of Xianyang, Shaanxi), so he was also called Bi Gonggao. King Wu died and King Cheng was established. When King Cheng was about to die, he summoned Duke Zhao and Duke Bi and asked them to assist Prince Zhao. When King Cheng died, Prince Zhao was established and became King Kang.
After an unknown number of generations, Bi Gonggao’s descendants lost their titles and fiefs and became commoners, and some even ran to minority residential areas. Only their surname changed according to the place - Bi. In the middle of the Spring and Autumn Period, one of Bi Gonggao's descendants named Bi Wan came to the Jin State, and once again made Bi Gonggao's Ji family prosperous. At that time, Duke Xiang of Jin was in power in the State of Jin, and Bi Wan was serving as an errand under Duke Xiang of Jin. In the sixteenth year of Duke Xian of Jin Dynasty (661 BC), Bi Wan and Zhao Su led their troops to attack the three kingdoms of Huo, Geng and Wei and destroy them.
Bi Wan was awarded the position of doctor by Duke Xiang of Jin for his meritorious service, and was granted a title in Wei (now north of Ruicheng County, Shanxi Province). From then on, Bi Wan and his descendants took the fief as their surname and changed their surname to Wei. In political struggles one after another, the Wei family assisted the Jin Dynasty, but also strengthened themselves. In the end, the Jin State was divided among the three families of Han, Zhao, and Wei, and the Jin State was destroyed.
The Wei State established by the Wei family has always been one of the Seven Heroes of the Warring States Period. The last monarch of the Wei State, King Wei, was captured by the Qin army and the Wei State fell. In the fourth year after the fall of Wei, the Qin Dynasty unified the world, and the false descendants of King Wei were scattered throughout the country and were called the Wang family. From then on, they took Wang as their surname.
2. The Wang family originated from Prince Jin
Prince Jin was a talented royal nobleman in the Eastern Zhou Dynasty. It is said that one time Duke Ping of Jin sent Uncle Yu to visit Zhou Dynasty. Prince Jin's eloquence surprised Uncle Yu. After returning to Jin, he said to Duke Ping of Jin: "Prince Jin is only 15 years old, but he is so powerful. I argued with him, but he couldn't answer his question, saying, "We should return the land that we had invaded to the Zhou royal family as soon as possible, otherwise we will be in great trouble." Shi Kuang, who was on the side, was very unconvinced after hearing this. He didn't believe that a 15-year-old child could be so powerful, so he asked to go to the Zhou court to debate with Prince Jin. Unexpectedly, when Shi Kuang met Prince Jin, he was also asked by Prince Jin. Shi Kuang is blind. He used this physical disability to find a way to step down. He said: "I am a blind man who cannot see. I only rely on my ears to understand the outside world. What I hear with my ears is much less than what I see with my eyes, so it is easy to be confused." Having said that, Shi Kuang did learn from Prince Jin. sharp.
Prince Jin not only quarreled with the envoys who came to compete, but also argued vigorously about his own country's affairs. In the 22nd year of King Ling of Zhou (550 BC), the two rivers Gushui and Luoshui flooded, directly threatening the safety of the palace. King Ling of Zhou planned to use blocking methods to stop the floods. Prince Jin firmly opposed it and advocated using The diversion method is a fundamental solution. In particular, it should be pointed out that Prince Jin derived the major issue of how to govern the country from the issue of how to control floods, pointing out that the method of blockage was actually to protect oneself temporarily and intensify conflicts. He said: "The king will be guarding the Douchuan River to decorate the palace. He is decorating the chaos and supporting the fight. Is it possible that he will be injured because of the disaster? My predecessors, kings Li, Xuan, You, and Ping, were greedy for natural disasters, and they have not been eliminated today. I Also, if you are afraid of your elders and descendants, will the royal family be even more humble?"
Prince Jin was a person with the status of a prince in the Eastern Zhou Dynasty but who was not able to inherit the throne.
There are two theories about him not inheriting the throne: one is that he was deposed as a prince because of his outspoken advice; the other is that he died young and lost the chance to inherit the throne.
According to the "New Tang Book? Genealogy Table of Prime Ministers", Prince Jin of Zhou Ling King was deposed as a commoner because of his direct remonstrance, and his son Zong Jing was appointed as Situ. His descendants moved from Luoyang to Taiyuan and Lang Xie, people at that time called the Wang family because of their surname.
3. After Taisun Chi, King Ping of Zhou
Hedong Yi family has the surname of Wang, and is the queen of Taisun Chi, King Ping of Zhou. King Ping reigned for more than fifty years, and his prince Zhuofu died before him. Death, Zhuo's father and son were named Chi, and they were the brothers of King Huan of Zhou. After King Ping passed away, Chi inherited the throne, but because his power was not as powerful as his brother's, he was soon overthrown, and he had no choice but to flee to Jin. His descendants also changed their surname to Wang because they were from a royal family, and became the Shanxi Wang family.
2. It comes from the surname Gui
She is a descendant of King Tian He of Qi. In 404 BC, Tian He deposed Qi and established his own king, and changed the surname Jiang of Qi to Tian surname of Qi. , later the Qi State was destroyed by the Qin State. After the destruction of the Qi State, the last emperor of the Qi State, King Qi, lived in Jiangxi (now Huixian County, Henan Province) and had three sons: Yi, Huan, and Zhen. The alien son is safe. When Xiang Yu rebelled against Qin, he was named King of Jibei. After Xiang Yu's death, Tian An lost his throne. In order to commemorate the glory of this time, his descendants changed their surname to Wang. This is the Ren family in Henan.
The ancestor of the surname Gui can be traced back to Yu Shun in ancient times. Yu Shun took Yu as his surname because the place where his family lived and multiplied was located in the Puzhou, Ruicheng and Pinglu area at the southern end of today's Shaanxi Province. There was Yushan Mountain in the territory, and it was the seat of the ancient Yu Kingdom.
When Yu Shun was not selected as Yao's successor, Yao married his two daughters to him in order to examine and train him. Yu Shun and his two wives lived on the shore of Guishui River at that time. This Gui River is located south of Puzhou Town, Yongji County, Shanxi Province today. It originates from Mount Li and flows westward into the Yellow River. Therefore, Shun's descendants took the name of the river where they lived as their surname, Gui.
Shun's mother died early, and his father Gusou married a new wife, and later they had a son named Xiang. Gusou loved his new wife and his son, and his feelings for Shun grew from closeness to estrangement, from estrangement to disgust, from disgust to hatred. He plotted against Shun many times and wanted to put him to death. Once, Gusou asked Shun to repair the top of the barn. When Shun climbed to the top, Gusou set a fire under the barn in an attempt to burn Shun to death. Fortunately, Shun was prepared in advance and used two large bamboo hats to protect himself. Shun inherited the world from Yao by recommendation. Before he abdicated, he passed the world to Xia Yu by recommendation. Because of Shun's passing on the throne, Xia Yu enfeoffed Shun's eldest son Shang Jun in Yu (now the north of Yucheng County, Henan Province). From then on, a branch of the Gui family lived and multiplied in this place for generations.
After the Xia and Shang dynasties, the Gui surname developed in both the Guishui Basin and the Yu State. By the end of the Shang Dynasty, due to the growing strength of the Zhou Kingdom in the West with the Ji surname, the relationship between the Gui surname and the Zhou Kingdom in the two places gradually became closer.
The Gui surname in the Guishui River Basin has a close relationship with the Zhou Dynasty. The descendants of Shang Jun in the Yu State also had close contacts with Ji Zhou in the west at the end of the Shang Dynasty. A man named Yi Fu came to the Zhou State and became an official like Tao Zheng, responsible for the pottery production of the Zhou State. . After King Wu of Zhou destroyed the Shang Dynasty, he implemented a system of enfeoffment. There were three types of people to be enfeoffed: one was after the sages and sages; one was after the heroes and counselors; and the other was one's own brothers. As sages and sages, the descendants of Shennong, Huangdi, Yao, and Yu all received fiefs and titles, and the Gui family, the descendants of Shun, were no exception. King Wu found his father's son Guiman and sealed him in Chen with the title of Duke. The capital of Chen State was Wanqiu (today's Huaiyang County, Henan), so Guiman was called Hu Gongman or Chen Hu Gongman, and became the ancestor of the Gui surname in the Huaiyang area of ??Henan.
The position of the monarch of Chen State passed down for 10 generations and changed 15 positions. When Xuangong Chujiu arrived, there was a turmoil in the country. After Duke Xuan ascended the throne, he made Yu Kou the prince. Later, Duke Xuan's favorite concubine gave birth to a son named Kuan, who was deeply loved by Duke Xuan. Duke Xuan planned to make money his heir, so he killed the prince Yu Kou. There was a person very close to Yu Kou named Chen Wan, who was the son of Chen Ligong. The imperial bandits were killed, and Chen Wan could no longer stay in Chen State, so he took his family and fled to Qi State. At this time, China's history had entered the Spring and Autumn Period. The State of Qi was in the reign of Duke Huan of Qi and was in a stage of prosperity. Duke Huan of Qi originally planned to appoint Chen Wan as prime minister, but Chen Wan declined. Therefore, he became the Gongzheng of Qi State and was mainly responsible for the production of equipment in Qi State.
Chen Wan's family settled in Qi State and changed their surname from Chen to Tian.
About 170 years after Tian Wan entered the Qi Dynasty, Tian Qi, a descendant of Tian Wan, used the method of big fights to give out and small fights to take away to win over the hearts of the Qi people in his own fiefdom, which made the Tian family's power more powerful. It became more and more powerful, and some far-sighted people said: "I am afraid that the government of Qi will eventually fall into the hands of the Tian family." After Qi Jinggong's death, Tian Qi used force to kill Gao Zhaozi who supported Jinggong's crown prince Ruzi Tu, and drove away He defeated another supporter of Ruzi Tu, Guo Huizi, and finally killed Ruzi Tu and established another son of Jinggong, Qi Yaogong Yangsheng. He became the prime minister of Qi and took control of the power of Qi. More than 100 years later, Tian Qi's great-grandson Tian He replaced Qi Kanggong and became the monarch of Qi. This is the famous "Tian clan replaces Qi" event in history.
During the Warring States Period, the Qi State under the rule of the Tian family experienced a process from prosperity to decline. After 8 generations of monarchs, 184 years later, during the period of Qi King Tian Jian, the Qi State was swept away by the broom of Qin King Yingzheng who swept across Liuhe. Entered the territory of the unified Qin Empire. King Tian of Qi
After the fall of the country, Jian was moved to *** County, Henan (now Hui County, Henan). His son Tian Sheng was named King of Jibei by Xiang Yu during the anti-Qin storm at the end of Qin. Xiang Yu was defeated by Liu Bang after only 4 years of dominance. With Xiang Yu's defeat, Tian Sheng's title of King of Jibei no longer existed. However, the treatment of the King of Jibei in just a few years set the precedent for a king with the surname Gui. From then on, Tian Jian's descendants took Wang as their surname from generation to generation.
Third, it comes from the surname Zi
After Bi Gan, the prince of Yin and Shang Dynasties.
The surname Zi is the surname of the imperial family of the Yin and Shang Dynasties. The imperial family of the Yin and Shang Dynasties began to use Zi as their surname. Legend has it that Qi's mother was Jian Di, the daughter of the Youcheng family. One time, Jian Di and her sisters were bathing in the river when they suddenly saw a big bird flying from the sky. The bird laid an egg by the river, which happened to be very close to Jian Di. Jian Di picked up the egg and ate it. Strangely enough, Jian Di became pregnant after eating the bird's egg. After ten months of pregnancy, she gave birth to a boy, who was Qi.
Qi was born and grew up during the reign of Yao, and showed extraordinary talents. When Dayu succeeded in controlling the floods and Shun commended him, Dayu said that the contribution of Ji, Qi, Gaotao and others was here. Therefore, Shun also issued a special order to appoint Qi as Situ, and asked him to educate the people with the ethical concepts of father, mother, brother, brother, son, etc., and granted him the title of Shang (now south of Shangqiu County, Henan Province), and gave him the surname of Zi. .
Qi was passed down from generation to generation in his fiefdom. By the time of his 13th generation, Sun Tang, he had moved the capital 8 times and finally settled on Bo (north of Shangqiu, Henan today) as the center of rule. Became a powerful tribal group to compete with the Xia Dynasty.
At that time, the Xia Dynasty had reached its end. In sharp contrast to the Xia Dynasty, the Shang Kingdom was in a period of flourishing development. The leader of the Shang Kingdom, Tang, was very good at governing the country. Tang was also a benevolent and righteous king, and people came to seek refuge with him one after another. Among the people who left Xia and Bentang, there was a capable man named Yi Yin, who became Tang's good assistant in governing the country. Finally, Tang launched an attack on the Xia Dynasty, defeated Xia Jie in one fell swoop, overthrew the Xia Dynasty, made his capital in Xibo (now Erlitou, Yanshi, Henan), and established the Shang Dynasty. The Shang Dynasty also lasted for more than 500 years with its ups and downs, and finally died under the third monarch, King Zhou. Bigan was the son of King Zhou's grandfather, Emperor Taiding, and the uncle of King Zhou of Shang. At that time, he was Served as a junior division commander. King Zhou was so stupid that people left one after another. King Zhou's brother Weizi left, and another brother Jizi also pretended to be crazy. But Bigan was determined to persuade King Zhou to change his ways. He met King Zhou and gave him earnest advice. King Zhou refused to listen, so Bigan refused to leave and stayed in the palace to persuade him for three days. Finally, King Zhou became impatient and said, "I heard that a saint's heart has seven orifices. I want to see if your heart is like this." After saying that, he cut Bigan's belly open, dug out his heart, and killed him alive. .
According to "Tongzhi, National Brief Introduction", Bigan, the prince of the Yin Shang Dynasty (uncle of King Zhou), had his heart cut open and died because he repeatedly advised King Zhou. After Bigan was killed, he was buried near Chaoge (now north of Weihui City, Henan Province), the capital of the country at that time. His descendants guarded his mausoleum for generations. In order to commemorate him, they changed their surname to "Wang".
4. Other clans changed their surnames or gave them surnames
1. The Liu family changed their surname to the Wang family
At the end of the Western Han Dynasty, Wang Mang established a new dynasty in the second year of the founding of the country (10 The imperial edict issued in 1989 said: "Mingdehou Liu Gong, Lilihou Liu Jia and other thirty-two people all know the destiny of heaven. They may offer heavenly talismans, pay tribute to Changchang, or arrest rebels, and they have made great achievements. Liu and the three Twelve people who share the same ancestor should not be dismissed and given the surname "Wang".
During the Five Dynasties, Liu Qufei, a native of Youzhou, followed Liu Shouqi and served as the Sima of Heyang Marching Army in the Houliang regime. When Li Cunxu conquered the Houlianghe and Luo areas, Liu Qufei defected to Gao Jixing, who was staying behind in Jingnan, Houliang, and became Gao Jixing's confidant. After the establishment of the Later Tang Dynasty, Gao Jixing expressed his submission and was appointed as the Secretary of the Later Tang Dynasty. Gao Jixing always had a close relationship with Li Cunxu of the later Tang Dynasty, but Liu Qufei changed his surname to Wang Baoyi to protect himself because he had been against Li Cunxu.
2. Liu changed his surname to Wang
During the Northern Dynasties, the Hu people from the Western Regions moved to Xinfeng (now northeast of Lintong County, Shaanxi Province) and died soon after. His wife took her son to make money and married Wang Can of the Northern Zhou Dynasty. Therefore, his surname was changed to Wang, and his son was Wang Shichong, who once proclaimed himself emperor in the late Sui Dynasty.
3. The Xie family changed their surname to the Wang family
During the Ming Dynasty, Wang Deren of Tingzhou Prefecture (now Changting County, Fujian Province) experienced Wang Deren, whose original surname was Xie family. The surname is Wang."
Wang Shurong of the Qing Dynasty wrote in the "Preface to the King's Death List": "My family originates from the Jin Dynasty and works as Zhonglang Xie Wanshi. In the Tianjian of Liang Dynasty, Jing Digong tabooed the official Wuxing Prefecture because of his family. In the early Ming Dynasty, Duke Zhonglie was appointed as the commander of Peiping, and he and Zhang Bing and Zhang Xin received the secret edict of Jianwen to supervise the king of Yan. Duke Zhonglie went to investigate, and both of them were killed together. When the Jingnan troops broke out, the Yi clan issued a strict order, and Duke Zhonglie's youngest son was exempted from taking his surname.
4. Sun changed his surname to Wang. p>
Wang Yi'e, the censor of the Ming Dynasty, was originally surnamed Yang, and Wang Dachong, the judge of Dali, was originally surnamed Sun, but they all changed their surname to Wang.
5. Ethnic minorities changed their surname to Wang
1. The Kepin family of the Xianbei people moved the capital here from Beiping City during the Northern Wei Dynasty. Emperor Xiaowen also followed many generations of northern Xianbei people here. In the 19th year of Taihe (495), Emperor Xiaowen ordered the Xianbei people to move to Luoyang. They will all change their place of origin to Luoyang, Henan, and they will be buried in Mangshan, north of Luoyang, and their surname will be changed to Han surname.
2. The Qiang surname Xiner.
p>"Book of Wei" Volume 94 "Eunuch? Wang Yu Biography" says: "Wang Yu, when he was in Qing Dynasty, his real name was Ta evil, Feng Yi, Li Run, Zhen Qiang. Together with Lei, Dang and Bumeng, they are among the powerful Qiang clans. Ziyun's first surname was Wang, then his surname was changed to Qian'er, and during the reign of Emperor Shizong, it was changed to Wang Yan. Since the Jin Dynasty, Heng has been the head of the canal.
The Qiang clan's Qian'er clan was the brothers of Qian'er clan and Qian'ergan during the Sui and Tang Dynasties. During the Daye period of Emperor Yang of the Sui Dynasty, the two of them "renamed themselves queen brothers and changed their surnames" Wang family. "The fact that the Qian'er brothers became the queen's brothers started from the Xiao family, the empress of Emperor Yang of the Sui Dynasty. Xiao's younger sister once married the Qiang people Qian'er family. According to their generation, the Qian'er brothers may be of the same generation as Empress Xiao.
3. Koryo people
It was not uncommon for the Koryo people in the Yingzhou area to change their surname to Wang from the Northern Dynasties to the Sui and Tang Dynasties. "Book of Zhou" Volume 20 "Biography of Wang Meng" records: "The character Wang Meng. Ziwu, the brother of Queen Mingde. "He was the first to be a prodigal". The "Biography of Wang Sili" in Volume 110 of the Book of Tang Dynasty records: "Wang Sili was a Korean from Yingzhou City." The "Biography of Wang Maozhong" in Volume 16 of the same book also said that Duke Mao Zhong of Huo State was "the original It is unknown whether Wang Maozhong was a Korean from the Yingzhou area, but it is certain that he changed his surname to Wang for a Korean.
4. Uighurs
Anton The Duhufu was established in the first year of the General Chapter of Emperor Gaozong of the Tang Dynasty (AD 668). Among the Uighurs who belonged to the Andong Duhufu, there was a family named Abusi, which was one of the major Uighur surnames. In 2006, the Anton Protectorate was abolished, and a man named Wu Gezhi, named Absi, went to Chengde Jiedushi Li Baochen and was adopted by Li Baochen's general Wang Wujun as his adopted son. From then on, he changed his surname to Wang. /p>
5. The Xiongnu tribe
The Xiongnu were an ethnic minority in the north of my country in ancient times. During the Warring States Period, they were nomadic in the areas north of Yan, Zhao and Qin. During the Qin and Han Dynasties, there was an existing relationship between the Central Plains Dynasty and the Xiongnu. There are wars where soldiers meet each other, but there are also tender marriages.
In the 24th year of Jianwu of the Eastern Han Dynasty (AD 48), a great split occurred among the Xiongnu. The northern Xiongnu stayed in Mobei, and the southern Xiongnu descended south to join the Han Dynasty. This formed the first climax of the exchanges between the Xiongnu and the Central Plains Han Dynasty. During the Three Kingdoms, Western Jin Dynasty and Sixteen Kingdoms period, a large number of Huns marched further south into the Central Plains and established several political regimes. When the Huns entered the Central Plains, many of them changed their surnames to Wang during their interactions with the Han people.
6. Khitan tribe
According to the records of "New Tang Book" and "Yinri Tang Book", Wang Wujun, the adoptive father of Wang Tingcuo, a Uighur, was a member of the Khitan Nuji tribe. Six generations of people, including his grandfather, father, son, grandson, and great-grandson, were all prominent in the Tang and Five Dynasties periods. During the Liangzong period, the Khitan people established the Liao Kingdom, and many members of the royal family Yelu changed their surname to Wang.
7. Jurchen tribe
The Jurchen tribe established the Jin Dynasty during the Song Dynasty. The Wanyan family of the Jin Dynasty also changed their surname to Wang after the fall of the Jin Dynasty. "Wang Sixiao's Epitaph" records: Wang Sixiao's ancestors came from the Wanyan family of the Jin clan and lived in Cizhou (today's Ci County, Hebei). Wang Sixiao's father, Wan Yanyuan, served as the military envoy of Jin Tong. When Sixiao was young, he was involved in funeral turmoil and lived in Daming, Puyang and other places, and changed his surname to Wang.
8. After the Song Dynasty, the Mongols and Manchus established the Yuan Dynasty and the Qing Dynasty. During the long-term contact with the Han people, many Mongolians and Manchus also changed their surname to Wang.