Complete list of fruit tree names
Complete list of fruit tree names. People cannot live without fruits. Everyone eats fruits every day in their lives, but everyone has different preferences for fruits. Fruits are needed for human health. Supplementary vitamins, different fruits are bred from different national trees, the following is a complete list of fruit tree names Fruit tree names 1
1. Apple tree
The fruits of the apple tree are rich in minerals and vitamins, it is one of the most commonly consumed fruits. The length of the fruit growth period is generally 65-87 days for early-maturing varieties, 90-133 days for mid-maturing varieties, and 137-168 days for late-maturing varieties. Under normal circumstances, apples can have a lifespan of 15-50 years after planting.
2. Pear tree
The fruits of the pear tree are edible and have high nutritional and medicinal value. The bark of the main trunk is smooth when the tree is young. As the tree ages, the bark becomes thicker, cracked or peeled off. Young branches are hairless or have hairs that fall off later; branches above 2 years old are grayish-yellow or even purple-brown.
3. Pomegranate tree
The history of pomegranate cultivation in China can be traced back to the Han Dynasty. According to Lu Gong’s records, Zhang Qian introduced it from the Western Regions. It is cultivated in both north and south of China. Anhui, Jiangsu, Henan and other places have larger planting areas and have cultivated some higher quality varieties. Among them, Huaiyuan County, Anhui Province is the hometown of pomegranates in China, and "Huaiyuan Pomegranate" is a national geographical indication protected product.
4. Cherry tree
Cherry tree is a small deciduous tree of the order Rosaceae, Rosaceae, and genus Prunus, with a height of up to 8m. The leaves are ovate to ovate-elliptical, 7-12cm long, with sharp apex and rounded base. The edges have serrated teeth of varying sizes, with glands between the teeth. The upper surface is hairless or slightly hairy, and the back is sparsely pubescent.
5. Persimmon tree
Persimmon tree is native to the Yangtze River Basin of China, reaching as far east as Taiwan Province, and is cultivated in many provinces and regions. It is cultivated in North Korea, Japan, Southeast Asia, Oceania, Algeria in North Africa, France, the Soviet Union, and the United States. Fruit tree names 2
1. Longan: The scientific name is "Longan", also known as "Longan", it is a plant of the genus Longan of the Sapindaceae family. Longan is native to southern China and is distributed in Fujian, Taiwan, Hainan, Guangdong and other places. Because its arils are rich in vitamins and phosphorus, which are beneficial to the spleen and brain, they are also used as medicine.
Longan fruit is rich in nutrients and is a valuable high-grade tonic. The medicine is warm in nature and sweet in taste, and has the functions of nourishing the heart and spleen, nourishing blood and calming the nerves. It is mainly used to treat symptoms such as insufficient Qi and blood, palpitations, forgetfulness and insomnia, blood deficiency and chlorosis, as well as frailty, hypertension, hyperlipidemia and coronary heart disease in middle-aged and elderly people. Regular consumption can achieve the effect of replenishing qi and blood and improving sleep quality. It can also achieve the effects of strengthening the brain, nourishing the brain and beautifying the skin. Longan is a relatively common and affordable nutritional food.
2. Lychee: Lychee is an evergreen tree belonging to the Sapindaceae family and is native to southern China. It is most cultivated in Guangdong and southern Fujian. Lychee is a common fruit with extremely high nutritional content. Together with banana, pineapple, and longan, it is known as the "four major fruits of the South". The lychee peel has scale-like protrusions and is bright red or purple. The flesh is fragrant, but it is not resistant to storage. Lychee is sweet, sour, and warm in nature, and enters the heart, spleen, and liver meridians; it can stop hiccups and diarrhea, nourish the brain and keep fit, appetizer and spleen, and has the effect of promoting appetite. Because of the hot nature, eating too much can easily lead to internal heat. Lychee wood is solid, has elegant texture, and is corrosion-resistant. It has always been a top-quality wood.
In addition to being eaten fresh and dried, the pulp of lychees can also be canned, pickled, brewed and made into other processed products. The core of lychees contains starch and can be used to make wine. More than ten kilograms of wine can be made per hundred kilograms. . The flowers are fragrant and honey-rich, and the peel, bark, and roots contain a large amount of tannins, which are raw materials for pharmaceuticals. The seeds can also be used as medicine. The lychee trunk is thin and solid, resistant to moisture and corrosion. It is an excellent wood for building houses, boats, bridges and making furniture. The branches and leaves can be used as fuel. It is a fruit tree with high practical value. Lychees are often found in literary works. One of the most representative poems is "Eating Lychees" written by Su Shi of the Song Dynasty:
It is spring at the foot of Luofu Mountain, and oranges and bayberries are fresh every time.
Eat three hundred lychees a day, and you will grow up to be a Lingnan native.
3. Mango tree: also known as lemon fruit, custard fruit, and anluo fruit, it is a large evergreen tree of the Anacardiaceae family. Its origin is India, Malaysia, and Myanmar. The mango fruit is oval and smooth, with lemon yellow skin and fleshy texture. Delicate, sweet smelling, rich in sugar, vitamins and protein, it can be made into juice, jam, canned food, pickles, hot and sour pickles, mango milk powder, candied fruit, etc. Mango leaves and bark can be used as yellow dye. The wood is hard and resistant to sea water, so it is suitable for use as boats, carts or furniture. Mango has a spherical crown, an evergreen tree with a large canopy density. It is a good tropical garden and street tree species.
Mango is a famous tropical fruit and has always been known as the "King of Tropical Fruits". Mango pulp is delicate, and the fruit contains a large amount of vitamins, carotene, etc., as well as mineral elements such as iron and calcium. The crown is slightly oval or spherical, the trunk is straight, the bark is gray-white or gray-brown, the branches are not easily broken, and the branchlets are very straight. Mango peel contains a light fragrance. Eating mango has the effect of clearing the stomach and intestines, and has a certain antiemetic effect on motion sickness and seasickness.
4. Banana tree: Banana is a plant of the Musa family and is native to tropical and subtropical regions in southeastern Asia. Bananas are widely grown in the tropical regions of southern my country. Banana is a high-calorie fruit and is also used as a staple food in some tropical areas. Banana pulp has high nutritional value. In addition, it also contains a variety of trace elements and vitamins. Among them, vitamin A can promote growth, enhance resistance to diseases, and is necessary to maintain normal fertility and vision; thiamine can resist beriberi, promote appetite, aid digestion, and protect the nervous system; riboflavin can promote normal growth and development of the human body. development. In addition to stabilizing serotonin and melatonin, bananas also contain magnesium, which has a muscle-relaxing effect. Friends who often work under high pressure can eat more.
Bananas extend life and are suitable for all ages. They are the first choice for those who want to lose weight. It is suitable for people with fever, dry mouth and thirst, laryngeal cancer, dry and difficult stools, hemorrhoids, anal fissures, bloody stools, cancer patients and those after radiotherapy and chemotherapy; suitable for people with upper gastrointestinal ulcers, tuberculosis, and stubborn dry coughs; People who drink too much and have unresolved alcoholism should eat it; it is suitable for people with high blood pressure, coronary heart disease, and arteriosclerosis; at the same time, it has good effects on symptoms such as constipation and indigestion; it is suitable for people with steatorrhea and toxic indigestion.
Banana pulp is sweet and soft, delicious and fragrant, and rich in nutrients. It is one of people’s favorite fruits. Europeans call it "happy fruit" because it can relieve depression. Based on bananas, creative cultural fruits have also appeared to help people create happiness.
5. Citrus: Citrus is the general name for tangerines, tangerines, oranges, kumquats, pomelos, tangerines, etc. It is a plant belonging to the Rutaceae family. It is native to the Yunnan-Guizhou Plateau in China. China is one of the important origins of citrus. It is rich in citrus planting resources and has many fine varieties. The fruit is large, nearly spherical, with yellow, orange or orange-red skin, thick peel, thick spongy layer, loose texture, and slightly peeled. Difficult, the seeds are oval in shape. The taste is moderately sweet and sour, and it can be stored well.
Citrus fruits have medicinal value. Since ancient times, tangerine peel, citrus aurantium husk, citrus aurantium fruit, green peel, and tangerine peel have been traditional Chinese medicinal materials. The outer peel of oranges is called "tangerine peel" after being dried (it is called tangerine peel because of its good medicinal effect when used as a medicine). The white mesh-like silk on the orange pulp is called "orange network", which contains a certain amount of vitamin P and has the functions of unblocking collaterals, resolving phlegm, regulating qi, and eliminating stagnation. Orange core is bitter in taste, non-toxic, has the effect of regulating qi and relieving pain, and can be used to treat hernia, low back pain and other diseases. Even orange roots and leaves can be used as medicine, with different functions such as soothing the liver, strengthening the spleen, and harmonizing the stomach.
Citrus is an evergreen small tree. Its flowers, leaves, and peel are all high-quality raw materials for extracting essence. They produce oxygen and absorb carbon dioxide, and are of great "carbon sink" value. Citrus is evergreen all year round and is a beautiful tree. It is a good garden ornamental plant. The Chongming tangerine, which integrates flower viewing, fruit viewing and scenting, has positive significance in increasing forest coverage, green space rate and improving the ecological environment.
6. Orange tree: Also known as yellow fruit, tangerine, golden ring, and willow ding, it is the fruit of the orange tree of the Rutaceae family and the genus Citrus. The orange tree is a small tree. . Native to southern China.
Oranges are mainly divided into several varieties: sweet oranges, navel oranges, blood oranges, rock sugar oranges, and red oranges. In China, young and fallen fruits can be dried for medicinal purposes. Durable to storage and transportation. The maturity period varies greatly, which can extend the supply period of fresh fruits and processed raw materials. Orange varieties are divided into early, medium and late ripening according to the fruit maturity period.
The navel orange fruit is spherical, oblate or oval, orange to orange-red. There is a navel formed by some incompletely developed carpel groups on the top of the fruit. The fruit core is solid or semi-full, and the flesh is light yellow, Orange-red or purple-red. Navel oranges are rich in nutrients. You can squeeze the fresh fruit into juice and drink it as you squeeze it. Navel oranges have large flowers, and their flowers can be used to make rue tea. Essential oils can be extracted from the peel, leaves and twigs. The pulp can be used as a flavoring or add-on to other foods.
Navel oranges are rich in nutrients, and many nutrients are higher than other citrus. Among them, navel orange ranks first in terms of calories, sugar, calcium, iron, vitamins and other nutrients. In addition, oranges are also a common fruit during Chinese New Year, symbolizing reunion and family happiness.
7. Grapefruit tree: also known as "Wendan", "Luan" and "Pou". A citrus plant of the Rutaceae family, an evergreen tree. It is native to Southeast Asia and is cultivated in all southern provinces of China. Pomelo likes a warm, humid climate and is intolerant to drought. High-quality aromatic oil can also be extracted from the fruit skin, flowers and leaves of pomelo, high-quality pectin can be extracted from the peel, and the pulp can be processed into juice, fruit wine, citric acid, jam and canned food. The pulp contains high vitamin C. It has the effects of digestion and detoxification. The leaves, flowers and peel of pomelo contain roughly the same aromatic oils as citron and lemon.
The fruit shape of pomelo is usually oblate or spherical. The peel is thick, the fruit is as big as a gourd, sweet and juicy, and the peel is orange-yellow and fragrant. Pomelo has high sugar content, moderate sweetness and sourness, rich nutrition, and is durable in storage. The peel can extract high-quality pectin, and the pulp can be processed into juice, fruit wine, citric acid, jam, and canned food. It is praised as "natural canned food".
8. Lemon: Lemon, also known as lemon fruit, lemon, mother fruit, etc., is a dicotyledonous citrus plant in the Rutaceae family. It is a small evergreen tree native to Southeast Asia. The main producing areas are the United States, Italy, Spain and Greece. The fruit is oval to obovate, medium to large, oval or elliptical. Single flowers axillary or few flowers clustered. The fruit is oval or ovate, with thick peel, usually rough, lemon yellow, sour to very sour juice, small seeds, oval, pointed at the end; smooth seed coat, milky white cotyledons, usually single or multiple embryos. The fruit is medium in size, oval in shape or oval in shape with short necks of varying lengths, thick peel, sunken oil cells on the surface, yellow in color when mature, few to no seeds, juicy and highly acidic.
Pregnant women like to eat lemon because of its extremely sour taste, so it is called mother-nut fruit or mother-child benefit. Lemons are rich in citric acid, so they are known as the "citric acid warehouse". Lemon leaves can be used to extract spices, and lemon peels can produce lemon essential oil. Lemon fruit is juicy, fleshy and crispy, with a rich aroma. Because the taste is so sour, it can only be used as a top-quality seasoning. Lemon peel is rich in aromatic volatile components, which can produce body fluids, relieve heat, whet the appetite and refresh the spleen. The summer heat and humidity are severe, and many people feel tired and have a poor appetite after working or studying for a long time. Drinking a glass of lemon water will refresh your mind with the fresh and sour taste, and it can also whet your appetite.
9. Kumquat: Kumquat belongs to the family Rutaceae, subfamily Citrus subfamily Kumquat, and is a small evergreen tree or shrub native to southern China.
The kumquat stems and branch tips are prickly, and the fruit is obovate and oval. The orange peel is tender and crisp, with a stimulating fragrance. The peel is smooth and golden yellow, and the oil cells are small and dense. It can be viewed and eaten. Kumquat is warm in nature and sweet in taste. It enters the lung and gallbladder meridian and has the effects of regulating qi, relieving depression, relieving cough and reducing phlegm. It is suitable for symptoms such as dry mouth due to fever and excessive cough with phlegm. Appropriate intake of kumquats and other citrus fruits has a good effect on preventing and treating some physical discomforts.
10. Citrus aurantium: Also known as tangerine, it is a small tree of the Rutaceae family and is native to the Huaihe River Basin in China. As the saying goes: "If oranges grow in Huainan, they become oranges; if they grow in northern Huaibei, they become oranges." The wolfberry fruit is nearly spherical or pear-shaped, with a large difference in size. The top of the fruit is slightly concave and has rings. The peel is dark yellow and rough, and the core is plump. The flesh contains sticky axils, has a slight citron smell, and is very sour and bitter. It has an astringent taste and does not taste good when eaten.
Traditional Chinese medicine is used to treat various pains such as liver, stomach gas, hernia, etc. Intravenous injection of Citrus aurantium preparations has certain effects on infectious poisoning, allergies and shock caused by drug poisoning. Fruit tree name 3
There are at least two hundred types of fruit trees cultivated in countries around the world originating in my country, such as: peach, plum, apricot, persimmon, jujube, chestnut, hawthorn, papaya, kiwi, citrus , pomelo, lychee, longan, yellow bark, loquat and bayberry, etc., are well known. The following will give one or two examples of stone fruits, pome fruits, berries and subtropical tropical fruit trees to illustrate their utilization and development abroad. Peach is one of the oldest cultivated fruit trees in my country. It is native to northwest my country and is distributed throughout the country. In the past, some Western scholars mistakenly believed that the peach originated in Persia (now Iran), so the peach was called "Persica" or the Persian apple. It is said that in 330 BC, Alexander brought the peach to Greece from Persia or Asia Minor. It was the first peach in Europe. The earliest record of it. Later it was introduced to France, and then to Belgium, the Netherlands, Germany, and England. After the ninth century, its cultivation became more and more popular. By the sixteenth century, it became a very common fruit tree in Europe. The English name "Peach" was also derived from the name "Persica".
According to Chinese historical research, peach has been cultivated in my country for more than three thousand years. There are also many peach varieties and cultivation techniques recorded in the plant geographical distribution. Species closely related to peach, such as mountain peach (Adavidiana), Gansu peach (A. kansuensis), Xinjiang peach (A. fegan-ensis), walnut (A.misa), almond (A. communis), etc. are all grown in my country Found in the mountains of the west and northwest. There are now different types of peach cultivars, such as sticky-core and free-core, soft-fleshed and hard-fleshed, pointed-mouthed and flat-fleshed, red-fleshed, yellow-fleshed and white-fleshed, early peach, late peach and winter peach. And two varieties of flat peach and nectarine are available in Chinese cultivated varieties. From the analysis of history, geography and variation, it is completely correct that the related species of peach originated in China. Michurin used mountain peach hybrids as intermediate fan peaches, which not only had the value of developing new cold-resistant peach varieties in the central Soviet Union, but also could be cultivated in large quantities to extract medicinal peach kernel oil and introduced to the United States. After Saizhou, they considered it to be a valuable 'winding-resistant rootstock resource'. Among stone fruit trees, some species were introduced to the West for trial planting, and many characteristics were found in Chinese plum (P, salicina). It has certain resistance to rust, and has higher cold resistance than American plum, Northeastern plum, and Ussuralensis. It has been used in the Soviet Union and North America to create a series of new cold-resistant varieties of Chinese cherry. (C, tomentosa) has strong adaptability and has been used in fruit tree breeding, and has become a good cold-resistant rootstock.
The most important pome fruit trees are apples and pears. There are about 35 kinds of plants in the world, of which 23 are native to my country. When Michurin was cultivating new cold-resistant apple varieties, he widely used Malus prunifolia, a crabapple grown in the northeast and northwest of my country. The pollen of fruit has been successfully hybridized with cultivated varieties. Sometimes, the pollen of cultivated varieties is used to pollinate catalpa to obtain new varieties that are resistant to congestion and have good quality. Currently, in the Soviet Union, catalpa is one of the excellent base trees for apple cultivation, and is resistant to congestion. Its cold and drought tolerance is unmatched by other species. M. baccata is native to North China and Siberia of the Soviet Union. It has been cultivated for a long time and is used as apple rootstock and ornamental trees. It grows quickly, has strong adaptability, and is particularly cold-resistant. It has been widely cultivated in Europe and the United States, and has been cross-bred with Western apples to create multi-small apples with improved cold resistance and resistance to fire blight. They can be widely cultivated in areas where ordinary apple varieties suffer from frost damage. In recent years, it has been preliminarily found that Hubei Begonia, Sikkim Begonia, Shanxi Wuxiang Begonia, Shandong Laoshan Naizi and Sanye Begonia may be used as dwarf rootstocks. Compared with the dwarf rootstocks introduced from the UK, they are more adaptable. Strong and easy to manage.
Pyrifolia (P pyrifolia) and calleryana (P, calleryana) were tested in America and found to be highly resistant to fire blight. After Pussuriensi S was experimented with in the Soviet Union, it is more cold-resistant than Western pears, and many excellent winter pear varieties have been developed. Pear (P betulifolia) is resistant to cold and drought, and has strong adaptability. Trial rootstock production in Europe has produced good results, and it has valuable germplasm resistant to Western pear fire blight. Among the berries, kiwi fruit is the first to be cited. There are about 60 species of this genus. The fruit is rich in vitamin C and can be eaten raw or used to make jam, fruit wine, etc. Michurin once selected new cold-resistant and high-yielding types from the seedlings of A. kolomikta and A. arguta produced in Northeast my country, which can withstand severe cold temperatures of minus 40-50°C. It has a delicious fragrance and is welcomed by the market. After being introduced to New Zealand in 1910, the Chinese kiwifruit (A. chinensis), which is common in Central and South China, has been selected through cultivation and breeding to produce large-fruit varieties with yellow-brown skin, green flesh, and rich vitamin C (105mg/10ve). Now it has formed A new type of commercial fruit, monopolizing the world market.
In 1980, 12,300 hectares were cultivated, with an annual output of 20,000 tons. In recent years, various small berries such as raspberries, strawberries and gooseberries, which Asians like to eat, are also being actively developed in various parts of our country. Most of them are still wild and rarely cultivated. In recent years, the number of collected varieties has gradually increased. There are about 600 kinds of raspberries in the world, and there are about 200 kinds in my country. Most of the fruits are edible, and some are of very good quality, surpassing the existing cultivated varieties in Europe. There are about 150 kinds of currants, distributed in Asia and Europe. and temperate mountainous areas of North America. About 40 species are produced in China. Among them, R. longeraoemosum has drooping racemes up to 30 cm long and is a good material for breeding. Among the berries, another fruit tree worthy of promotion is the persimmon (D, kaki), which is native to my country. It has a cultivation history of at least three thousand years and is distributed throughout the country. It was introduced to Japan in the early days, and many excellent varieties have been cultivated in Japan, including sweet persimmons that do not need to be astringent. Introduced to Europe in the second half of the 19th century, the Soviet Union first cultivated it in the Caucasus and the Caspian Sea coast, and gradually advanced to Central Asia. Among the dried fruits listed as important subtropical fruits, chestnut fruits are rich in starch, sweet and fragrant, and resistant to chestnut blight. characteristics. In 1904, chestnut blight was widespread among chestnut trees in North America, and almost all chestnut trees were wiped out. This crisis has been resolved through the use of crosses between Chinese chestnuts and North American chestnuts. The hybrid chestnut plants grow quickly, have well-developed dry wood, and are highly disease-resistant.
Citrus is the first among tropical and subtropical fruit trees. It originated in Asia and has been cultivated for a long time. It has gradually spread to all over the world and has become one of the most important fruits in the world market in the past century. According to records, citrus cultivation in my country has a history of at least 2,500 years. In ancient Europe, only incense was used for medicine. After the tenth century, the names of sour oranges, lemons and sweet oranges began to appear. After the Portuguese exported sweet oranges from China in the early 16th century, they began to cultivate fruit trees in large quantities. From then on, the trend of building citrus greenhouses became popular in the Nordic countries. Various citrus plants began to be introduced and cultivated and new varieties were bred. It was during Columbus's second voyage to the New World (1493) that citrus fruits, along with other fruit trees and vegetables, were introduced to North America. Later, they were widely spread to Peru, Brazil, Mexico and other places. Because the terroir conditions were suitable, their horticulturists worked hard to improve them. Cultivation and selection of new varieties have made southern North America an important citrus producing area, monopolizing the world market. Our country's citrus products lag far behind, which is shocking. In addition, many countries in northern and eastern Africa, eastern Australia and the Mediterranean coast produce large amounts of citrus, which are dumped around the world. Among sweet oranges, the world's most famous Washington navel orange is named after Washington, but its origin is still China. It was introduced to California after passing through Brazil. Among citrus, ponkan is one of the excellent varieties in southern my country. After being introduced to the United States, it grows well and has strong disease resistance. It is now produced in large quantities.
Wenzhou mandarin orange is an excellent variety in southeastern my country. It has achieved good results whether introduced to Japan or the United States. It matures early, is cold-resistant, has large fruit, few cores, and has excellent quality. It has become one of the important local fruits.
The wild Yichang orange (C, ichangensis) in Hubei is called Yichang lemon in the West. It is native to the mountainous areas of western my country, with an altitude of more than 800 meters. It has strong cold resistance. After being imported to Europe and the United States, it has become a cultivated cold-resistant rootstock. and important raw material for cold-resistant citrus varieties. Kumquat is a small evergreen shrub native to southern my country. The fruit is small, but the outer pericarp is fleshy and has a sweet taste and is edible. The plants have strong cold resistance, drought resistance and disease resistance, and have a wide adaptability range. After being introduced to European and American cultivation in the second half of the 19th century. Because it has longer winter dormancy than citrus, after hybridizing with citrus, citrus can be cultivated further north and in colder areas. The wild golden bean (E. hindsii) in East China is a tetraploid and will play more roles in cultivating citrus seedless fruit varieties. Citrus aurantium is a deciduous shrub belonging to the same family as citrus (Rutaceae) and is extremely cold-resistant. In China, it is mainly used as citrus rootstock in cold areas or planted as a hedge, and the fruits are used as medicine. After being introduced to Europe and the United States, it grows well. After hybridization with tangerine, intergeneric hybrids are produced, such as tangerine, tangerine, etc., which grow vigorously, are cold-resistant and disease-resistant, and have been widely used in fruit tree rootstocks and ornamental gardening.