Modern and contemporary times can usually be divided into six parts.
first, preface
preface is similar to the preface of books now, which can be written by people with high expectations in the family or by outsiders. This genealogy is mainly viewed through the eyes of another person or people. Usually, the new order comes first, and the old order should be included and placed behind the new order.
II. Introduction
Even for one's own family, not many people can fully understand it, so
it is necessary to introduce one's own family first, and the contents that can be mentioned include: the example of engraving genealogy, the participants in this revision (revision), the time and why it should be revised; What is the basis of this coding? The overall situation, history, migration history, current distribution and number of people of the family; The clan and word generation of the family, that is, to record the naming rules of each generation; Location of ancestral graves and distribution map of each generation in ancestral graves; Investigation and textual research on ancestors.
in a word, there is no specific person here, just a description of the whole family.
Third, figures
In fact, a family tree is a record of people, but usually, one or more outstanding typical people or groups will be recorded in the family tree. When recording these outstanding figures, there are often various formats, including the biography of the person, the manuscript of the article he wrote, the fame he won, the official name, pictures, portraits, inscriptions and so on. It should be noted here that historical celebrities with the same surname must not be forcibly incorporated into this genealogy, even if it is a small hint. Because when future generations continue the spectrum, they often pass it on because they believe it is true this time.
IV. Pedigree table
Pedigree is the most important and simplest family tree, and sometimes there is only one pedigree table.
The lineage table records the relationship of everyone in the family. In computer terms, this one-to-many structure is a "tree" structure, but it is often complicated in practice. When a family is large and has a large number of people. There will be a phenomenon of heirs coming in (through adoption, adoption, giving away) and moving in and out.
V. List of Genealogies
Usually, it is meaningless to have a genealogy with only a list of lineages. What else can you know in the face of names that are not celebrities? A good way is to add an outline list, which is a table to record the resume of each ethnic group in the lineage list. This part can be combined with the lineage table, or it can be listed separately. I think it's better to list separately, because the combination of the two often leads to the overweight pedigree table, and it's very troublesome to find a member.
In many genealogies, only the father's name, the number of wives, the number of children and the number of names are written in this way. Although it looks quite standard on the whole, it doesn't really make much sense, because the genealogy table itself can express this information. I don't think it is possible for everyone to have a complete resume, but at least it should include: the date of death, main position, professional title, main place of life and work, my work resume, main achievements, wife's name, wife's marriage place, wife's father's name, wife's resume, children's name, daughter's marriage place and married name. In this way, not only the wife's genealogy can be found in this family, but also the daughter's family can be found in this family.
VI. Postscript
Just write some thoughts in the postscript.
Extended information:
The clan system began to take shape:
With the aim of respecting ancestors, worshipping the clans and the Mu clan, it formulated clan rules and family laws according to the ethical principles of Neo-Confucianism to bind the clans. "Respecting ancestors" must tell genealogy, "respecting ancestors" should be built as ancestral halls, and "Mu clan" should help its people. Family activities naturally increased as a result of repairing the spectrum and building temples, setting up righteous schools and villages, cultivating righteous fields and managing ancestral property. The content of genealogy has gradually changed from recording a single blood lineage to recording the overall situation of the family, with more and more contents and more space. However, compared with the genealogy of Qing dynasty, the content of genealogy of Ming dynasty is relatively simple. Generally, there are only genealogy, postscript and pedigree chart (table). After the history entered the Qing Dynasty, the number of genealogy compilation increased sharply and the content increased continuously. As far as the overall situation is concerned, it generally includes the following aspects:
a musical sequence. Genealogy is an indispensable part of every genealogy, including the preface written by the whole family or a few ethnic groups, the gift preface written by celebrities at that time, and the postscript. The content of preface and postscript mainly introduces the origin, inheritance, the reason and process of genealogy revision, and the personnel in charge, etc. It is a direct entry point for familiar with and studying a genealogy and an important material for understanding the origin of the family lineage.
bipartite spectrum examples, spectrum theory and catalogue. Genealogical examples, also known as ordinary examples, mainly clarify the principles and styles of genealogy compilation and the reasons for category arrangement in the form of articles. The example of genealogy emphasizes the purity of family blood, maintains the ethical code centered on men, and indicates that it follows the principle of compiling genealogy of "faith to convey faith, doubt to convey doubt". Generally speaking, the genealogy theory is an important quotation from the genealogy of Confucian scholars in the previous generation, and some directly publish the emperor's list of Yu people and Yu people's letters before the genealogy to warn the people. The catalogue, also known as the general catalogue, explains the number of volumes of the spectrum and the main contents of each volume. Spectrum examples and catalogues are introductory guides to reading music, and you can only explore the secluded by the edge.
San en LUN Lu. Also known as honor record, praise, praise, giving orders, confession, etc. It mainly publishes the letters of seal and praise given to family members by emperors and government officials at the central and local levels, including letters, edicts, imperial edicts, inscriptions, tributes and plaques.
four notes. Generally, genealogy has ancestors' praise and biographies, and people with prominent status in their ancestors are painted as portraits and loaded on the spectrum, with praise attached. Most genealogies include not only the praise of ancestors, but also biographies, which record the deeds of those who are famous or virtuous, including virtuous woman and Martyr Daughter, with chronology, life order, epitaph, eulogy, description and inscription.
five family rules and family precepts. This is the content that every genealogy must contain. To respect the clan and collect the clan, it is impossible without certain clan rules and family laws. The contents of clan rules and family training are very complicated, besides the traditional patriarchal clan system, there are also such things as property inheritance, marriage disputes, prohibition of theft and gambling, and closing mountains and forests.
six codes system. Including crowns, gifts, weddings, sacrificial ceremonies, etc., some of them are unified by ceremonies, including ceremonies, funeral patterns, utensils and the production of sacrifices. Other genealogies also put the management regulations and deeds of ancestral temple rules, ancestral temple property, voluntary studies and worship of fields into the canon system.
seven tomb maps and epitaphs. The tomb map is painted with the place name, location and the junction of the four sites; The epitaph introduces the life of the tomb owner and the construction of the tomb. Hunan genealogy pays special attention to tomb maps, and many genealogies list them as a single volume, and some even have several or more volumes.
eight-faction language. Also known as poetry of generations, poetry of classes, etc., there is no unified name, and people are ranked in terms of generations, and some of them are divided into 8 generations or 1 generations. Pai language occupies a very small weight in the spectrum, but it is extremely important. It is the basis for the naming of male members of a family, and directly reflects the vertical and sequential relationship between members of different generations in the family, as well as the horizontal and parallel cooperation between members of the same generation.
9. Names of donations and subscriptions. It is the same thing for the people to repair the spectrum, and everyone must donate money, which is the recognition and responsibility of the people to repair the spectrum. The name of the genealogy is the registration record sent to each room and faction after the genealogy is revised. Genealogy is issued according to the room and the number of the faction, and you can't take the initiative. Some are numbered according to "Thousand-character script", some according to Eight Diagrams, some according to the zodiac, and some according to the purpose of compiling music, and so on.
the diagram of the tenth generation. There are many genealogies in Hunan called weeping silk diagrams. As the name implies, the descendants of Yu lineage are endless, like weeping willows. The picture is actually a table, mostly in European style, with the fifth as a picture, and the next five as a new one. Call the ancestor the first or the first ancestor, and this sequence is clear and can be tested. Some spectra are beyond the century and within the century. In the outer century, it was from the ancestor who received the surname to the ancestor who respected the spectrum (or moved to the ancestor), while in the inner century, the ancestor (or moved to the ancestor) was regarded as a ancestor or a school of ancestors.
(11) lineage table. Hunan multi-name tooth record. According to the family generation and the order of seniority, each has its own name, font size, year of birth and death, rank and rank, marriage and children.
The contents of genealogy in the Qing Dynasty and after the Qing Dynasty are generally as mentioned above, but they are not uniform, and there is no unified category setting requirement, but they are only cross-referenced. Therefore, the contents of different genealogies have increased and decreased, and there are some points and combinations, but genealogy maps and tables are essential, otherwise it will not be a "spectrum".
References:
Baidu Encyclopedia-Genealogy