1. What is the name of the ancient text?
"Wooden Pagoda of Brahma Temple"
When the Qian family occupied the two Zhejiang provinces, they built a wooden pagoda at Brahma Temple in Hangzhou. On the second and third levels, Qian Shuai (Qian Liu's grandson) climbed up and worried that the tower would move. The craftsman said: "When the tiles are not laid, the top is light, so it is like this." So he covered it with tiles, and it moved as before. Having no choice, he secretly sent his wife to see Yu Hao's wife. She gave him a gold hairpin and asked him why the tower was moving. Hao laughed and said, "This is easy to do, but once the boards are laid out layer by layer and nailed in, it won't move." As the craftsman said, the tower was fixed. The nail board is tied up and down, and the six scenes are connected like a suitcase. People walk on the boards, and the six scenes are in contact with each other and cannot move. Everyone relies on their refinement.
Translation
When the Qian Dynasty ruled eastern and western Zhejiang, they built a wooden pagoda at the Brahma Temple in Hangzhou. It only had two or three floors. Qian Shuai climbed up the wooden pagoda and thought it was too big. Shake. The master craftsman said: "There are no tiles on the wooden tower, and the upper part is light, that's why it is like this." Then he ordered people to put tiles on the tower, but the wooden tower still swayed as before. When there was no other way, the craftsman secretly sent his wife to see Yu Hao's wife, gave her a gold hairpin, and asked her to ask Yu Hao why the wooden pagoda was shaking. Yu Hao smiled and said: "That's easy, just lay the planks layer by layer and nail them with nails, and it will not move any more." The master craftsman followed his instructions and the tower became stable. Because the wooden boards are nailed firmly, the upper and lower sides are more closely connected. The upper, lower, left, right, front and back sides are connected to each other, just like a box. People step on the floor, and the upper, lower and surrounding walls support each other. (Tower) Of course it won't shake. People admire Yu Hao's brilliance. 2. In ancient Chinese, what does the "zi" of a person's name mean?
"Zi" is only limited to people with status in ancient times.
"Book of Rites·Quli" says: "A man's twenty-year haircut is the first word" and "A woman's fifteenth hairpin is the first name". That is to say, regardless of male or female, only when they reach adulthood The purpose of choosing a word is to make people respect him and for others to call him. Most people, especially peers and subordinates, are only allowed to address their elders by their names and not by their first names.
The main basis for ancient people’s horoscope methods are as follows: ①Tautology. For example, Qu Yuan's name is Ping, his courtesy name is Yuan, and Guangping is Yuan.
Zaiyu, a student of Confucius, was named Ziwo, Ji Lu was named Ziyou, Yan Hui was named Ziyuan, Zhuge Liang was named Kongming, Tao Yuanming was named Yuanliang, Zhou Yu was named Gongjin, Zhugejin was named Ziyu, and Wen Tianxiang was named Jingrui, all fall into this category. ②Antonym and relative.
The Jin official Zhao Shui (meaning to decrease) was named Ziyu (meaning to increase). Zeng Dian (Xiao Hei) has clear characters and white color.
Tang Wangji's courtesy name was Wu Gong, Zhu Xi (Huoliang) was given the courtesy name Yuan Hui, Zhao Mengfu of the Yuan Dynasty was given the courtesy name Zi'ang, and Yan Shu was given the courtesy name Tongshu. ③Lian Yi speculates.
Zhao Yun was named Zilong (Yun Conglong); Chao Buzhi was named Wujiu; Su Shi was named Zizhan ("Zuo Zhuan Xi 28th Year": "Jun Feng Shi watched it"); Yue Fei The name is Pengju. From the above three categories, it can be seen that characters and names are closely related, and characters are often supplements or explanations of names. This is called "name correspondence", and they are the exterior and interior of each other, so characters are also called "table characters".
These three are the main ones. In addition, there are also the characters based on the five elements of the stems and branches, the characters in the rows, or the characters in the rows and the rows. The situation of adding father (fu) after the character is generally included in the scope of the character. . Like naming, life characters have the flavor of the times. A general trend is to beautify words and respect aging, which is more obvious in respect of aging.
After the Tang and Song Dynasties, due to the strengthening of Neo-Confucianism, there were more and more red tapes, and scholars also made a big fuss about titles. The title was to show respect, but after a long time, the title gradually became The word was not respectful enough, so there was a nickname that was more respectful than the word. 3. High scores
. ", there is also a disciple of Mozi named "Qin Huali", some of Confucius's disciples were called "Zaiwo", Nai, or names that seem quite weird today, like a minister in the Tang Dynasty called "Lai Junchen"; If divided according to subject, predicate and guest, the predicate may be preceded by a person's name or "if", and the person's name will probably be more normal. You need to pay more attention when reading these more special names, if it is prose or function words written after the Tang and Song Dynasties.
Content words have practical meanings and are used as auxiliary words, "three illnesses and deaths";
There are also words such as "曰" and "语" that mean "to tell, tell", etc. before them, which may be the person's name or for, but If it has been mentioned before, when this person is mentioned in the text later, the surname and Yan are usually omitted. There are 18 common function words in classical Chinese: "er"; "矣" is the modal particle at the end of the sentence.
The general sentence structure of classical Chinese words is subject, predicate, object (be careful to omit sentences), prepositions or conjunctions; for example, "The way of a teacher can no longer be known" ("Shi Shuo" Han Yu), in which "of, test questions" Most of the prose I encountered were from the Tang and Song Dynasties. In high school, only the name, "why", "yue", "yue", "yue", "yue", "yue", "yue", "yue", "yue", "yue", "yue", "yue", "yue"), "yue", "yue") are all mentioned, which is easier to distinguish. With an object, it is generally not translated. Sentence translation: "The ancient custom of learning from teachers cannot be restored. Classical Chinese words are divided into substantive words. What needs to be paid attention to is the use of function words. The function of "zhi" is to "cancel the independence of the sentence". If it is not translated, for example, "Zhang San" appears in the previous sentence and "Zhang San" appears in the second sentence. When "Zhang San" is mentioned again in the article, just "三", as in the previous sentence "Zhang San is from the capital", and the following sentence "a few years later, it can be translated; my classmates tried it when practicing classical Chinese sentences." Some people have divided it into "," but the subject in the sentence will be ignored, "hu", "hu", so it can be understood (from these words). Generally speaking, you don't need to be too entangled with the content words. There may be more uncommon surnames, "Yan Dudu" all refer to People are usually names;
In addition, the names of ancient people are quite different from those of modern people! ",矣" are function words, and people's names are relatively easy to recognize. In the pre-Qin period, there might be two or three types or even For more usages, that is, from the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period, you need to be more careful. When a person's name in classical Chinese appears for the first time in an article, it is with the first name and surname. Or you can read relevant ancient Chinese books and become familiar with the appearance of the person's name.
PS: "Gong", "someone" or "official position" with surnames all refer to people, such as "Luo Gong", "Xie Mou", Ye, Qie, Suo 4. This ancient article The name of Jiaren! ?! ? A Jia man from Jiyin crossed the river and his boat died. He was perched on a floating boat and called Yan. Some fishermen came to rescue him in a boat. Before he arrived, the Jia man called out in a hurry: "I have a huge house in Jiyin, can I do it?" Save me, I'll give you a hundred gold! "The fisherman carried it up to the land, and offered him ten gold coins. The fisherman said: "I promised you a hundred gold coins, and now I give you ten gold coins. It's all right! Jiaren became excited and said, "If you are a fisherman, how much can you catch in one day?" But getting ten gold pieces suddenly is not enough? "The fisherman retreated sadly. One day, the Jia people were floating down Luliang. The boat was thin and overturned, but the fisherman was there. People said: "Yu saved them? "The fisherman said:" This means that the money is promised but not paid. "Standing and looking at it, he disappeared.
Translation:
There was a businessman in Jiyin. His boat sank when he was crossing the river. In the crisis, he had to lie down on the dead grass floating in the river and call for help. . A fisherman drove a boat to rescue him. Before the boat could reach him, the businessman hurriedly shouted: "I am a wealthy man in Jishang. If you can save me, I will give you one hundred taels of silver." "After the fisherman took him to the shore in a boat, he only gave the fisherman ten taels of silver. The fisherman asked him: "When I rescued you, you personally promised me one hundred taels of silver, but now you only give me ten taels. I'm afraid it's unreasonable? The businessman immediately changed his face and said, "You are a fisherman. How much income can you make in a day?" Now that you have received ten taels of silver at once, aren't you satisfied? "The fisherman walked away unhappy. Some days later, the businessman went eastward along the Luliang River by boat. The boat hit a rock and sank, and the fisherman happened to be at the place where his boat sank. Someone saw that the fisherman was gone. He moved, so he asked him: "Why don't you go and save him? The fisherman replied contemptuously: "This is the man who promised to give me a hundred taels of silver but said he didn't." "So the fisherman parked the boat on the shore and watched the businessman struggle in the water for a while before sinking into the river.
You must be true to your word and never break your promise. If you do this, you will be harmed in the end! You will also lose your credibility! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! … 5. Give several special professional names
Ghost Sword
Sword Soul (White Hand) Devil May Cry (Old Hei) Mad War (Red Eye) Ah Shura (Blind Man)
Fighting
Qigong (nurse, nanny) Sanda (boxer) Street Fighter (crazy) Judo (not available yet)
Sharpshooter
Roaming (roaming) guns (big guns) machinery (mechanical) ammunition (ammunition)
MM
There are no alternative professions
Uncle
Basically everyone calls him uncle.
Owner, my habit is to call them by their awakening names.
White Hands (Juggernaut) Red Eyes (Hell Blood Demon, Hell Berserker PS: Country F is the Hell Blood Demon) Devil May Cry (Soul Bearer) Blind Man (Great Dark Sky)
Qigong (Dazzling Hundred Flowers) Sanda (Martial God) Street Fighter (Poison King) Judo (Eye of the Storm)
Wandering (Gun God) Mechanical (Mechanical God of War) Big Gun (Berser) Ammunition (General. PS: I just call him General)
Elements (Grand Mage) Summoning (Moon Goddess) Force (Biana Fighting God) Uncle’s not yet
If you want to know anything else , feel free to ask me. Although I don’t know much, I don’t understand much either. 6. What is the name of this classical Chinese article
Bian Que meets Cai Henggong
October 17, 2003
[Classic Chinese]
Bian Que When the magpie saw Duke Huan of Cai, he stood in the room. Bian Que said: "You have a disease in your body. If you don't treat it, you will be afraid of the disease." Huanhou said: "I don't have any disease." Bianque came out, and Huanhou said: "It can be cured easily." If you don't get sick, consider it a success!" After staying for ten days, Bian Que saw him again and said, "Your disease is in your skin. If you don't treat it, it will get worse." Hou Huan responded. When Bian Que came out, Marquis Huan was displeased again. After staying for ten days, Bian Que saw him again and said, "Your illness is in the intestines and stomach. If it is not treated, it will get worse." Huan Hou did not respond.
Bian Que came out, and Marquis Huan was displeased again. After staying for ten days, Bian Que looked at Marquis Huan and then left. Marquis Huan sent someone to ask about it, and Bian Que said: "The disease is in the interstitial region, where the soup and iron can reach it; in the skin, where the needle and stone can reach; in the intestines and stomach, where the fire Qi can reach; and in the bone marrow, where the secretion of life is. It belongs to me, and I have no choice. Now it is in the bone marrow, so I have no intention of asking him." After five days of residence, Marquis Huan suffered from body pain, and he fled to the Qin Dynasty. Marquis Huan then died.
Notes
Bian Que----surnamed Qin, named Yue, a native of the Warring States Period. He had excellent medical skills, so people called him by the name of the legendary ancient doctor Bian Que. .
Cai Huan (huān) Duke - the king of Cai State (now Shangcai County, Henan Province), hereinafter referred to as "Huanhou" ("Historical Records: Biography of Bian Quecang Gong" as Qi Huan Gong) .
Han Fei - a Korean prince in the late Warring States period, who liked to study the knowledge of criminal names and spells, and was an important thinker in the Warring States period. The books he wrote are the culmination of Pre-Qin Legalist doctrine.
There is room----for a while.
Skin care - skin texture.
I'm afraid----I'm afraid. Will, want.
Deep----very, powerful.
Idiot--the ancient monarchs called themselves modestly.
If a doctor is good at curing a disease, he or she should take credit for it. Doctors like to treat people who are not sick and take credit for (curing the "disease")! In other words, particles have no real meaning.
Stay for ten days----stay (dāi) for ten days. To live, to stay, to experience.
Skin----Muscle and skin.
Ying (yìng)----promise, accept.
Yue (yuè)----happy.
Still (xuán) go----turn around and run. Hui, the same as "xuan", means to turn around or turn around.
Therefore---- on purpose.
The reach of Tang (tàng) Tie (Wèi) ---- (is) what Tang Tie (power) can achieve. Soup, the same as "scalding", stewing with hot water (wù). Iron and apply hot compresses with medicine.
Needle stone----metal needle and stone needle. This electric finger uses acupuncture to treat diseases.
Huo Qi jì----Huo Qi Decoction, a decoction that clears fire and treats gastrointestinal diseases. Qi, the same as "agent".
Si Ming belongs to him, and there is nothing he can do about it——(That is) what Si Ming is in charge of, (medicine has) nothing to do. Si Ming, the legendary god in charge of life and death. belongs to, manages. Naihe, what to do, what to do.
Therefore ---- is "so", therefore. Because of, because of.
No invitation----no question, which means no more talking. Excuse me.
Search - search.
Comments
By portraying the image of the ancient miracle doctor Bian Que, the story is used to illustrate the correctness of the dialectical thought of "knowing the subtle things" proposed by Laozi, which is very persuasive. .
[Modern Chinese]
After seeing Duke Huan of Cai, the famous doctor Bian Que told Duke Huan that his disease had invaded his skin and he needed to be treated quickly. Duke Huan thought he was in good health and thought Bian Que wanted to take credit, so he ignored him. Ten days later, Bian Que persuaded Duke Huan to diagnose and treat the disease as soon as possible while the disease had only invaded the human body, but Duke Huan still remained silent. Ten days later, Bian Que said that Duke Huan's illness was in his intestines and stomach, but Duke Huan still didn't believe it. Ten days later, Bian Que saw Duke Huan, turned around and left without saying a word. Duke Huan sent someone to ask him, and Bian Que said that the disease was on the skin, body, and intestines and stomach, and could be treated by applying medicine, fumigation, acupuncture, and taking fire-clearing medicine. But now the disease had entered the bone marrow and could not be cured. Five days later, Duke Huan was in pain all over, but Bian Que had fled to Qin. Soon, Duke Huan died of an illness and failed treatment. 7. In ancient Chinese, what does the "zi" of a person's name mean?
The word "zi", also known as the word, is an alias that the ancient Chinese gave themselves in addition to the name, which is related to the meaning of the real name.
Generally few people use it now. According to records, in ancient times, men were given names when they were 20 years old, and women were given names when they were married.
For example, Confucius was named Zhongni, Sima Qian was named Zichang, and Li Bai was named Taibai. According to "Book of Rites Tan Gong", when a person reaches adulthood, he needs to be respected by the society. It would be disrespectful for his peers to only call him by his first name, so he needs to choose a word for himself to use when interacting with others in society. Use to show mutual respect.
Therefore, after the ancients reached adulthood, their names were only used by their elders and themselves. Calling themselves by their own names showed humility, while the words were used to be called by people in society. Yan Zhitui of the Northern Qi Dynasty believed that names distinguish people from each other, while characters reflect a person's virtues.
Most people’s names and characters are related in meaning. The word originated in the Shang Dynasty, became popular in the Zhou Dynasty, and later formed a system.
Until modern times, it was still used by many people in the intellectual and cultural circles, such as Hu Shi's word Shizhi, Sun Wenzai's word Zai, and ***'s word Runzhi. In modern times, few people use it. However, China has a population of 1.3 billion and the incidence of people with the same name and surname is too high. The cultural circles are now interested in restoring the biographic system.
Some people believe that the decline of Biaozi is related to the movement to destroy the Four Olds in Mainland China and the suppression of intellectuals. They believe that "Biaozi" is a symbol of feudal intellectuals, so many people abandon the word Biaozi. Characters generally have one, two or three characters.
The most common is two words. Some forms of character composition: Adding the man's honorific "zi" in front of the character: such as Gongsun Qiao's character Zichan, Du Fu's character Zimei. Adding the character "rank" in front of the character to indicate ranking: Kongqiu's character is Zhongni; there are also only "ranking" as the character. words.
In the Zhou Dynasty, women also had characters. But its composition is different from that of men.
Generally, the surname is preceded by the ranking character. In addition, in ancient Chinese literature, when names and characters are used together, it is customary to pronounce the character first and then the name.