A metallic element with the symbol In.
Indium is a second-level Chinese character, pronounced as (yīn). Its original meaning is a metallic element, and its symbol is In (indium). Silvery white, soft. Used to make low melt alloys, bearings and electronic and optical components.
Others:
Indium tin oxide is a replacement solid solution, a transparent brown film or a yellowish-gray block, made of a mixture of 90% In2O3 and 10% SnO2. It is mainly used It is used in the production of liquid crystal displays, flat panel displays, plasma displays, touch screens, electronic paper, organic light-emitting diodes, solar cells, antistatic coatings, EMI shielding transparent conductive plating, various optical coatings, etc.
On October 27, 2017, the World Health Organization’s International Agency for Research on Cancer released a preliminary reference list of carcinogens. Indium tin oxide is included in the list of Class 2B carcinogens.
The main characteristic of indium tin oxide is its combination of electrical conductivity and optical transparency. However, compromises are required in thin film deposition because high concentrations of charge carriers will increase the material's conductivity but reduce its transparency.
Indium tin oxide thin films are most commonly deposited onto the surface by physical vapor deposition or some sputtering deposition technology.
Other alternatives are being sought due to the high price and limited supply of indium, the fragility and lack of flexibility of the ITO layer, and the vacuum required for expensive layer deposition. Conductive coatings of carbon nanotubes are a promising alternative (graphene being the best alternative). This type of coating is being developed by Eikos as a cheaper, more mechanically robust alternative to ITO.
PEDOT and PEDOT:PSS have been manufactured by Agfa and H.C. Starck. The PEDOT:PSS layer is already in use (but it also has the drawback of degrading when exposed to UV radiation, among other drawbacks). Other possibilities include aluminum-doped zinc oxides, for example.
Reference for the above content: Naming Network