Answers to Xiang Ji’s biography in classical Chinese

1. Translation of Xiang Ji in the Han Dynasty

The doctor said: The Xiongnu had no city walls to guard ①, ditches and ponds to solidify, halberds to use for crossbows ②, and warehouses and treasuries to store up. , There is no justice and law at the top, no arts and science at the bottom ③, the monarch and his ministers are easy to change ④, there is no courtesy from the top to the bottom, weaving willows to make the room, and Zhan■ to cover ⑤.

The bones are solitary and the horse does not eat millet. Internally, there is insufficient preparation and fear, and externally, there is insufficient etiquette.

Husband China is the heart of the world, the place where wise men gather, where etiquette and justice are collected, and where wealth and wealth are cultivated. A husband uses his wisdom to make fools, and he uses justice to defeat unjustness, just like the fallen leaves are shaken by the autumn frost.

"Spring and Autumn" said: "Huan Gong, together with the Rong and Di, drove them away." How about the power of the world? Note ① Kuo, the same as "Guo", see the notes of "On Yong Pian".

② Xiu: long. ③Arts and science: normal order.

④Manyi: Bullying each other. ⑤■, similar to the ancient character Xi, which covers the common characters commonly used by the Tang people in the Six Dynasties.

"The banquet is for admonishment", which means the tent. ("旃" is the same as "felt") ⑥Sugu: A wooden bow that is not painted or painted.

Bone arrowhead (z*): an arrowhead made of animal bones. ⑦Total: gather, concentrate.

⑧ "Gongyang Zhuan·The Thirty Years of Zhuang Gong": "The people of Qi attacked the Shanrong... This is a battle, why don't we talk about fighting? "Spring and Autumn" The enemy talked about fighting, and Duke Huan fought with Rong, Di, and drove them away."

The translation doctor said: The Xiongnu had no city walls for defense, no moat with deep pools and wide ditches, no weapons with long halberds and strong bows, and no storage of granaries and treasury. There is no justice and law above them, and there is no normal order below them. The monarchs and ministers bully each other, and there is no etiquette at the top and bottom. They made houses out of wicker and roofs out of felt.

The army used wooden bows and bone arrows, and the horses were not fed with food. Their internal defense is nothing remarkable, and there is no etiquette to speak of externally.

Now the Han Dynasty is the center of the world, with concentrated talents, complete etiquette and justice, and abundant wealth. In attacking the Xiongnu, we use wisdom to defeat stupidity, and use justice to defeat injustice, just like the autumn frost beats down the fallen leaves.

"Spring and Autumn" said: "Qi Huangong attacked the Rong and Di, just to expel them." What's more, we use the power of the world to deal with the Xiongnu? Literary saying: Xiongnu chariots are not decorated with silver and yellow silk lacquer, they are plain and strong.

The system of silk skirts and curved lapels is completed. There are no ingenious things a man can do, no merits in palaces and cities.

A woman’s exquisite embroidery is a tribute to her obscene and skillful work. It saves trouble and is effective. It is easy to achieve but difficult to do harm.

Although there are no halberds, strong crossbows, and good bows for the army, the family has its own preparations, and the people have their uses. If there is an emergency, just use the bow and mount the horse. The supply of food and supplies is not found on the table, but only provides food for dozens of days, because the valley is a city wall, and the water and grass are a barn.

The law is simple and easy to distinguish, and it is easy to provide for those who are in need. Those who are punished do not commit crimes, and those who are ordered to follow them are obeyed③.

Man is good at etiquette but sincere in faith, a little in literature but quick in matters. Therefore, although there are no books of etiquette and righteousness, they are carved on bones and scrolls on wood④, and all the officials have them to remember them, and the king and his ministers have their messengers to each other.

The officials who planned the plan for the county officials all said it was easy but actually difficult, so Qin wanted to drive it away, but it was more likely to perish. Therefore, the weapon of a soldier should not be used lightly.

It uses strength to weaken, and survives to destroy. Notes ① Silk: refers to clothes made of silk fabric.

Yi (hu9): Originally refers to something that ancient men used to cover their knees. This article refers to men’s underwear.

Qujin: a curved and overlapping skirt. This article refers to men's and women's tops.

②The head of the case: a utensil for holding grain. ③ Refers to Hui (hu9): that is, command.

④ Wood, originally made of clothing, now revised according to Lu Wenchuo and Zhang Dunren. ⑤One day: It means in an instant.

Er: Modal particles, that’s all. The translation literature says: The Xiongnu vehicles and equipment were not decorated with gold, silver, silk paint, but were simple, complete and solid.

There is no distinction between patterns, colors, tops and bottoms, and men’s and women’s uniforms in the clothes they wear, but they strive to be perfect. Their men do not carve fancy items, and their women do not embroider gorgeous silks for tribute, nor do they make delicate silks and satins.

The things they make are few but sufficient for application. They are easy to make and difficult to use. Although there are no long halberds, strong crossbows, or good horses and bows, every family is prepared and everyone has a task. In case of emergency, just bend the bow and mount the horse.

Although they did not have utensils to hold grain, they had food that could last for dozens of days. They used valleys as walls and water plants as granaries. The laws are simple and easy to distinguish. Taxes are low at the top and easy to supply at the bottom.

Therefore they rarely use punishment, and people do not commit crimes. Those above give orders and those below obey orders.

They despise etiquette, but they can be faithful and honor their credit. They are simple in writing, but quick in doing things. Therefore, although there is no book about etiquette, only words and marks are carved on bones and tree bark. Officials, big and small, can remember them, and kings and ministers can give instructions to each other.

Now, those who are considerate of the imperial court among the ministers all say that defeating the Xiongnu seems easy but is actually very difficult. Because of this, the Qin State once wanted to expel the Xiongnu, but not only did it fail to achieve the purpose of expulsion, but it also led to its own destruction.

Therefore, weapons are weapons and should not be used casually. If you use it easily, your country will change from strong to weak, from survival to destruction, and this will happen in an instant.

The doctor said: Lu Lian has a saying ①: "The power of Qin makes its soldiers, and its people captive ②." The old government is urgent but not long-lasting.

Emperor Gao was ordered to quell the riots, and his merits were astounding. And Wen Jing Chengxu embellishes it ③.

The former emperor conquered unrighteousness and fought against immorality, and showed the path of benevolence and sagehood, which was the foundation of pure virtue. This is the accumulation of benevolence and righteousness accumulated by the sage king over many years. Modern literature refers to the rule of subjugation and political failure, and in today's world 4, it is said that the Xiongnu is difficult to conquer 5, which is appropriate! Notes ① Lu Lian: Lu Zhonglian, a native of Qi during the Warring States Period.

He is good at drawing and planning, but he is not an official. Traveling to Zhao, he met Qin and besieged Zhao. Wei sent Xinyuan Yan to Zhao, asking to respect Qin as emperor and to stop the army.

Zhonglian didn't think so, and he was righteous when he saw the blame. When the Qin general heard about it, he retreated fifty miles.

See "Historical Records·Lian Biography of Lu Zhong". ② Captives, originally written as torture, are now revised according to Lu Wenchuo and Sunhe.

"Historical Records·Lianzhuan of Lu Zhong·Suoyin": "It is said that the people of Qin deceived their warriors with power, used slaves to make their people, and showed mercy to their subordinates if they were unkind." "Hanshu·Xiang" "Ji Zhuan": "Taking advantage of victory, the slaves envoy him."

This is also evidence of "the captive envoy". ③Chengxu: inherit the unfinished business.

Polish: add color. This article refers to development merit.

④ Condition: used as a verb, metaphor. ⑤Difficult picture: difficult to defeat.

The translation doctor said: Lu Zhonglian once said: "The Qin State drives its soldiers at will and treats the people like slaves." Therefore, if the government is harsh, the country will not last long.

Gaozu was ordered by heaven to quell the riots, and his merits were as high as the sky. Emperors Wen and Jing inherited and developed his achievements.

At the time of Emperor Wu, he attacked unjust people and attacked immoral people, making the path of benevolence and sage brighter and the foundation of good morality purer. These are the results of the sage monarch's long years of benevolence and righteousness. Now, your literature is destroying the country. 2. The classical Chinese translation and answer of Liuhou Lun

Liuhou Lun In ancient times, the so-called heroic people must have extraordinary integrity⑵.

People cannot tolerate ninja (3) due to human feelings. When a common man sees (4) humiliation, he draws his sword and stands up to fight. This is not courageous. There are great brave men in the world who are not surprised when death comes, and are not angry when it is attacked without reason.

The person he holds hostage is very big, and his ambition is far-reaching. The master's room received the book from the old man on the 寯⑼, and what he did was very strange; however, he also knew that this was not the time of Qin, and there were hidden gentlemen who came out to try it.

Those who have a faint understanding of their meaning are all saints and sages and have the meaning of warning; but if you don't pay attention to the world, you think it is a ghost, and you have passed. And its intention is not in books.

When Han died, Qin became more prosperous, treating the people of the world with swords, saws, cauldrons and woks. There are countless people who have been destroyed without guilt in their daily lives.

Although there are Ben and Yu⒀, there is nothing to do again. If the husband is too hasty in holding the law, his front cannot be attacked, but his end can be taken advantage of.

The ovary could not bear its anger, so it succeeded in a single blow with the strength of an ordinary man. At this time, the immortals in the ovary could not survive, and the lid was already in danger. If the son of a rich man does not die as a thief, then what? His body is lovely, but not enough to kill a thief.

Zifang's unparalleled talents were not planned by Yi Yin or Taigong, but specifically by Jing Ke and Nie Zheng's plan. He was lucky enough to survive. This is someone who is deeply cherished by the old people in the village. Therefore, it is arrogant, shy and deeply broken.

If he can be patient, then he can do great things, so he said: "You can teach me." King Zhuang of Chu attacked Zheng, and Uncle Zheng led the sheep with his flesh naked to resist; King Zhuang said: " If the king is able to serve others, he will be able to trust his people."

So he gave it up. Gou Jianzhi was trapped in Kuaiji and returned to Wu as his concubine. He worked tirelessly for three years.

He who has the ambition to repay others, but cannot serve others, is the strength of an ordinary man. An old husband thinks that the ovary is enough, but is worried about the lack of capacity, so he deeply suppresses the vigorous spirit of his youth and makes him tolerate small anger and make big plans.

Why? He was not surprised by someone who suddenly met in the grass and fields and was ordered to serve as a concubine. This is why Emperor Qin cannot be surprised, and Xiang Ji cannot be angry. The reason why Guanfu Gaozu won and the reason why Xiang Ji lost was just between being able to bear it and being unable to bear it.

Xiang Ji couldn't bear it, so he tried to win a hundred battles and used his sharp edge lightly; Gaozu tolerated it, nourished his full sharp edge and waited for its disadvantages, this is what Zifang taught. When Huaiyin broke Qi and wanted to be king, Gaozu became angry, which can be seen in the color of his words.

Judging from this, there is still a strong and unbearable spirit. Who else but the ovary can do it? Tai Shigong suspected that the ovary was tall and majestic, but its appearance was like that of a woman, and he did not think it was ambitious. Alas! This is why it is the ovary! Notes ① This article is one of the "Jin Lun" published by Su Shi in the sixth year of Jiayou (1061) when he was in charge of the "System of Science".

Liuhou is Zhang Liang, also known as Zifang. He is one of the "Three Heroes of the Early Han Dynasty". He assisted Liu Bang in establishing the world and was named Liuhou. ②Section: Conduct.

③The meaning of this sentence is: There are always times when ordinary people cannot bear their emotions. ④See: Be.

⑤ Death: Same as "sudden". Suddenly, hastily ⑥ coming: approaching.

⑦Add: Infringement. ⑧The hostage: refers to the ideal one embraces.

⑨寯: yí bridge. ⑩Hidden gentleman: A person who lives in seclusion and escapes from the world.

⑾Saw, cauldron and wok: All four are ancient instruments of torture. Refers to torture.

⑿ Ordinary: weekdays. ⒀Ben and Yu: Warriors during the Warring States Period.

A famous warrior and defender in the Zhou Dynasty, he was said to have extraordinary abilities. ⒁"Historical Records·Liuhou Family": "When the Emperor of Qin traveled eastward, Liang and his guests sniped at Qin Shihuang in Bolangsha, and accidentally hit the passenger car.

The Emperor of Qin was furious, and wanted to search the world, and he was very anxious to find thieves. , is the death of Zhang Liang. Liang changed his name and hid in Xiapi."

This sentence refers to Zhang Liang's assassination of Qin Shihuang. ⒂The strategy of Yi Yin and Tai Gong: a strategy to resolve crises with wisdom.

Yi Yin, a wise prime minister of Shang Dynasty, was named Zhi. Taigong, Taigong Wang Lu Shang, surnamed Jiang, given name Shang, courtesy name Ziya, was the Grand Master during the reign of King Wen of Zhou Dynasty.

The meaning of the whole sentence is: In this way, Qin Shihuang certainly can't scare him, and Xiang Yu can't make him angry. Translation: In ancient times, people with lofty ideals who were called heroes must have the integrity to surpass others, and (have) a tolerance that ordinary people can't bear.

When a foolhardy person is insulted, he will definitely draw his sword and step forward to fight. This is not enough to be called a warrior. The truly heroic people in the world do not panic when encountering unexpected situations, nor do they get angry when they are insulted by others for no reason.

This is because they have great ambitions and high aspirations. It is indeed strange that Zhang Liang was awarded the art of war by the old man on the bridge.

However, how do we know that it was not a reclusive gentleman from the Qin Dynasty who came out to test Zhang Liang? Looking at the way the old man slightly revealed his intentions, they all have the meaning of sages reminding each other. Most people don't understand that it's ridiculous to regard the old man as a god.

Besides, the real intention of the old man on the bridge was not to give Zhang Liang the art of war (but to enable Zhang Liang to be patient and achieve great things). When Korea was destroyed, the Qin State was very powerful. King Yingzheng of Qin used knives, saws and oil pans to deal with the people with lofty ideals in the world. There were countless people who lived at home and were arrested and beheaded to exterminate their clans for no reason.

Even if there are warriors like Meng Ben and Xia Yu, they will no longer have the opportunity to display their skills. Any king who enforces the law too harshly cannot easily touch his sword, but his remaining power can be controlled (the above sentence means: there is no opportunity to take advantage of the sharp power).

Zhang Liang could not suppress his anger towards the King of Qin, so he used his own strength to obtain temporary happiness in a sniper attack. At that time, he was not arrested and killed, and even a single strand of his hair was not even broken during that period. The hair can’t be accommodated, and it’s too dangerous! The children of wealthy families are unwilling to die in the hands of thieves. Why? Because their lives are precious and it is not worth dying in the hands of thieves.

Zhang Liang had talents that surpassed all the people in the world. He did not do anything as far-sighted as Yi Yin and Jiang Shang. Instead, he only imitated Jing Ke and Nie Zheng’s assassination tactics. Fortunately, he did not die. This must be The old man on the bridge felt deeply sorry for him. So the old man deliberately humiliated him deeply with his arrogant and unreasonable attitude and harsh words. If he could endure it, he could achieve great achievements by virtue of this. So in the end, the old man said: "This young man can be educated." . ”

When King Zhuang of Chu attacked the state of Zheng, Duke Xianggang of Zheng took off his clothes and naked body and led the sheep to greet him. King Zhuang said: "If a monarch can be humble to others and humiliate himself, he will definitely gain the trust and service of his people."

He gave up the attack on Zheng Guo. King Gou Jian of Yue was in trouble in Kuaiji. He went to Wu to work as a slave and worked hard for several years.

Besides, those who have the desire to take revenge on others but cannot be their servants are just the strong-willed of ordinary people. The old man thought that Zhang Liang was very talented, but worried that Zhang Liang was not brave enough, so he was deeply frustrated. 3. In the translation of the classical Chinese "Historical Records", Zheng Shi was named Zhuang, a native of Chen County. His predecessor Zheng Junchang was a general of Xiang Ji;

The translation of Zheng Shi Shi, courtesy name Zhuang, was from Chen County.

His ancestor Zheng Jun once served as a general under Xiang Ji. After Xiang Ji's death, he soon belonged to the Han Dynasty. Emperor Gaozu ordered all of Xiang Ji's former subordinates to call him by his first name when mentioning Xiang Ji, but Lord Zheng refused to obey the order.

Gaozu decreed that those who were willing to address Xiang Ji by his first name would be worshiped as senior officials, and he drove away Lord Zheng. Zheng Jun died during the reign of Emperor Xiaowen.

Zheng Zhuang took pleasure in being a righteous man and rescuing Zhang Yu from danger, and his reputation spread throughout Liang and Chu. During the reign of Emperor Xiaojing, he served as the crown prince and gave birth to others.

During every five-day holiday, he often buys horses in the suburbs of Chang'an, rides them to visit old friends, invites and thanks guests, and stays up all night long, always worrying about omissions. Zheng Zhuang loved Taoism and admired the elders with such ardent affection, as if he was afraid that he would never see them again.

He is young and has a humble official position, but his close friends are all from his grandfather's generation and are well-known figures in the world. After Emperor Wu came to the throne, Zhengzhuang was promoted step by step from the lieutenant of Lu State, the prefect of Jinan Qun, and the prime minister of Jiangdu to the right internal history of Jiuqing.

Due to improper opinions on the dispute between Wu'an Hou Tianfu and Wei Qihou Dou Ying, he was demoted to Zhan Shi and was transferred to Da Nong Order. When Zheng Zhuang was working as the internal history of You, he warned his subordinate officials: "There are visitors, no matter whether they are noble or low, and they are not allowed to wait at the door."

He respected the host's hospitality and treated the guests with courtesy. His noble status is inferior to that of his guests. Zheng Zhuang was an upright person and did not purchase any private property. He relied only on his official salary and rewards to provide for his elderly friends, and the gifts he gave were only a little food in bamboo utensils.

Whenever he goes to court and has the opportunity to make suggestions to the emperor, he will praise the most respected people in the world. He recommended scholars and his subordinates, prime ministers and officials, and talked about them with great interest. He often praised them as more capable than himself.

He never addressed the officials by their first names. When talking to his subordinates, he was so humble as if he was afraid of hurting them. When he heard that others had good opinions, he immediately reported it to the emperor, lest it be delayed and cause trouble.

Therefore, scholars and well-known elders in the vast area east of Yaoshan all praised his virtues. Zheng Zhuang was sent to inspect the breach of the Yellow River, and he asked for five days to prepare his luggage.

The emperor said: "I heard that 'Zheng Zhuang traveled thousands of miles without food', why do you need time to prepare your luggage?" Although Zheng Zhuang was popular with outsiders, he often agreed and obeyed the emperor in the court. I do not dare to express my views on right and wrong too clearly. In his later years, the Han Dynasty conquered the Xiongnu and recruited ethnic minorities in various places. The world spent a lot of money and the country's financial and material resources were even more scarce.

The people recommended by Zheng Zhuang and their guests undertook transportation for the Da Nong Order and owed a lot of money. Sima An was appointed as the prefect of Huaiyang County and reported the matter. Zheng Zhuang was held responsible for this. After atonement, he was demoted to a civilian.

Soon after, he joined the Prime Minister's Mansion as temporary chief historian. The emperor thought that he was old and asked him to be the governor of Runan County.

A few years later, he died in office. Zheng Zhuang and Ji An were originally ranked among the nine ministers. They were honest in government and had pure conduct at home.

Both of these two people were dismissed from office midway, their families were poor, and their guests were gradually declining. When he became a county magistrate, there was no property left in his family after his death.

Because of him, as many as six or seven of Zheng Zhuang's brothers and descendants have reached the rank of two thousand shi. Tai Shigong said: Because Ji An and Zheng were so virtuous at that time, when they were powerful, the number of guests would be ten times larger, but when they were powerless, the situation would be completely opposite. If they were like this, let alone ordinary people! Zhai Gong of Xiagui County once said that when he first served as a court official, his house was packed with guests; but when he lost his official position, the outside became so deserted that people could gather to catch birds.

After he resumed his official duties, the guests wanted to see him again, so Zhai Gong wrote on the gate: "One death and one lifetime is a sign of friendship. One poor and one rich is a sign of friendship.

One is noble and the other is humble, friendship is the result of friendship. "Ji An and Zheng Zhuang also have this misfortune, how sad! The original text notes that the person who lived at that time was named Zhuang, a native of Chen.

First of all, Zheng Jun became a general of Xiang Ji. After his death, he belonged to the Han Dynasty. Emperor Gaozu ordered all the ministers to register their names, but Lord Zheng alone did not follow the edict.

The imperial edict ordered all those who worshiped the famous officials to be officials, and expelled Lord Zheng. When Zheng Jun died and Xiaowen died.

Zheng Zhuang was pleased to be appointed as a knight ②. He escaped Zhang Yu's misfortune and was heard among Liang and Chu. During the reign of Xiaojing, he sacrificed his life for the prince.

I wash my hands every five days ③, and often post horses to the suburbs of Chang'an to save old friends ④ and thank the guests. I work day and night until the next morning, and I am afraid that I will not be here. Zhuang likes the words of Huang Lao, and he admires the elders as if he is afraid of not seeing them.

He was young and had few official positions, but he had many acquaintances in his travels, including his great father, who was a famous person in the world. When Emperor Wu was established, Zhuang Shaoqian became the lieutenant of Lu, the prefect of Jinan, and the prime minister of Jiangdu. When he reached Jiuqing, he became the right internal historian.

According to Wu'an Hou and Wei Qishi's discussion, he was demoted to Zhan Shi and moved to Da Nong Order. Zhuang was Taishi ⑦, and he warned his disciples: "When guests arrive, no one, no matter how high or low, will stay at home." Zhuang Lian does not manage his property, but relies on gifts to be given to the princes.

However, the gift to the bereaved ⑨ is nothing more than a calculation of food ⑩. In every court, during the waiting period, the elders in the world would say something good.

His recommendations for officials and officials (11) are sincere and meaningful, and he often refers to himself as a virtuous person. Not a famous official (12), talk to the official, if you are afraid of hurting him.

Hear people’s kind words and move forward, lest you fall behind. The princes of Shandong scholars called it Zhengzhuang (13).

Zheng Zhuang’s envoy inspected the river and asked for treatment for five days (14). It said: "I heard that 'Zheng Zhuang travels thousands of miles without food (15). Why do you ask for help?" However, when Zheng Zhuang was in the court, he always tended to be harmonious and accepted his wishes, and he did not dare to cite his objections (16).

In the late festival, the Han Dynasty conquered the Xiongnu and recruited barbarians from all over the world. There was a lot of money in the world and a lack of wealth. The village's guests are big farmers (17), and they are often arrogant (18).

Sima An was the governor of Huaiyang and reported the incident (19). Zhuang used this to frame him and redeem him as a commoner. (20) In a short time, the history will be kept long.

The superior thought he was old and made Zhuang the prefect of Runan. A few years old, he died as an official.

① This sentence means that Emperor Gaozu of the Han Dynasty intended to let Xiang Ji's old staff violate his name, and used this disrespectful behavior to express his betrayal of his old master and his surrender to himself. ②Ren Xia: A good hero and a chivalrous person.

③Xi Mu: Take a bath, this refers to taking a vacation. Under the Han system, officials were entitled to leave every five days.

④Cun: Cun asked, visited and greeted. ⑤Big father: grandfather.

Line: generation. ⑥This refers to the sharp conflict between Zheng Tian Fu, who was the Marquis of Wu'an at that time, and Dou Ying, the Marquis of Wei Qi, over Guan Fu's affairs in the court. When Emperor Wu consulted the ministers for their opinions, he first affirmed his support for Dou Ying, but then became timid and wavered, thus angering Emperor Wu and being punished. Demoted.

For details, see Volume 17 "Biography of Marquis Wei Qiwu'an". ⑦ Taishi: It is suspected to be a mistake of "internal history".

It has been said before that Zheng is the internal history of You, and he is the most respected among the nine ministers. Later, it is said that "it is because of his noble subordinates", which is consistent. One explanation should be from the "Book of Han·Biography of Zhang, Feng, Jizheng". 4. What is the title of the classical Chinese article (Xiang Ji ```````)

"The Chronicles of Xiang Yu"

When I first started, I was twenty-four years old. Ji's father, Xiang Liang, was the Chu general Xiang Yan, who was killed by the Qin general Wang Jian.

The Xiang family was a Chu general for generations and was granted the title of Xiang, hence the surname Xiang. When Xiang Ji was young, he failed to learn calligraphy, so he went away; he failed to learn swordsmanship, so Xiang Liang was angry.

Ji said: "The book is enough to record the name and surname. One person can be defeated by the sword, but it is not enough to learn, but ten thousand people can be defeated by learning."

So Xiang Liang taught Ji the art of war. Ji was overjoyed and knew a little about its meaning. , and refused to learn. Xiang Liang heard that someone was arrested in Yueyang, so he asked Cao Jiu, the governor of Qi prison, to send a letter to Sima Xin, the prison governor of Yueyang, and got it by telling a story.

Xiang Liang killed people and fled to Wuzhong with his relatives. All the wise men and officials in Wuzhong came out from under Xiang Liang. Whenever there was a big corvee or funeral in Wuzhong, Xiang Liang would often take charge of it, and he would use the Military Art Department to restrain the guests and children, so that he could know his capabilities.

When Emperor Qin Shihuang visited Kuaiji and crossed Zhejiang, Liang and his family visited him. The book said: "He can be replaced."

Liang covered his mouth and said: "Don't lie, the clan is here!" Liang used this as a strange book. He is more than eight feet long, has the strength to carry a cauldron, and is extremely talented. Although he is a disciple of Wuzhong, he is already afraid of his status.

In July of the first year of Qin II, Chen She and others set out from Dazezhong. In the ninth month of the month, Shouting of Kuaiji told Liang: "Everyone in Jiangxi is rebelling. This is also the time when the Qin Dynasty is overthrown.

I heard that the first is to control the people, and the second is to be controlled by others. I want to send troops to send troops to the Qin Dynasty. The Duke and General Huan Chu died at that time. Liang said: "Huan Chu died, and no one knew where he was. Only Ji knew it."

Liang Nai came out and ordered Ji to stay outside with his sword. Liang Fu came back, sat down with me, and said, "Please summon me, and I will be ordered to summon Huan Chu."

Shou said, "No." Liang called me in.

After a moment, Liang Shun said: "It can be done!" So he drew his sword and beheaded the guard. Xiang Liang holds his head and wears his seal ribbon.

The disciples were shocked and disturbed, and dozens of people were killed. Everyone in the mansion is in awe, and no one dares to rise.

Liang Nai summoned the powerful officials he knew and told him that what he had done was a major event, so he raised troops from Wuzhong. He sent people to take over the county and obtained 8,000 elite soldiers.

Liang deployed the heroes of Wuzhong as school captains, marquises, and Sima. There was a man who couldn't use it, so he talked to Liang.

Liang said: "Some time ago, a certain princess was mourning and couldn't do something, so I didn't appoint him." Everyone fell down.

So Liang served as the guardian of Kuaiji, and he was appointed as a general and served in the lower county. Zhao Ping, a native of Guangling, went to Guangling for King Chen, but failed to surrender.

Hearing that King Chen was defeated and Qin soldiers arrived again, he crossed the river to fulfill King Chen's order and worshiped Liang as the king of Chu's Shangzhu Kingdom. He said: "The east of the Yangtze River has been decided, so we urgently lead our troops to the west to attack Qin."

Xiang Liang crossed the river to the west with 8,000 men. After hearing that Chen Ying had gone to Dongyang, he wanted to join Lian He in the west.

Chen Ying, formerly the governor of Dongyang, lived in the county and was known as the elder. A young man from Dongyang killed his order and gathered thousands of people. He wanted to appoint a senior official, but it was not suitable, so he invited Chen Ying.

Ying Ying could not thank him, so he was forced to make Ying the chief, and the followers in the county obtained 20,000 people.

The young man wanted to make Chen Ying king, but a new army rose up.

Chen Ying's mother said to her: "I am your wife, and I have never heard of any noble people from your past. Now that you have become famous, it is ominous.

It is better to belong to something and do things. If you succeed, you will be granted the title of a prince, but if you fail, you will easily die. This is not the name of the world. "Ying Nai dare not become a king.

He told his military officials: "The Xiang family has been famous in Chu for generations. If we want to do great things now, it must be his generals.

I rely on the famous family to destroy Qin. It must be done." So everyone followed his words and sent troops to Xiang Liang.

When Xiang Liang crossed the Huaihe River, Generals Yingbu and Pu also sent troops to Yan. Sixty or seventy thousand soldiers marched down to Pi.

At that time, Qin Jia had established Jingju as the king of Chu, and his army was in the east of Pengcheng, hoping to get away from Xiang Liang. Xiang Liang told the military officials: "King Chen is the first to attack. The battle is unfavorable and we have not heard where he is.

Now Qin Jia has defeated King Chen and established Jingju, which is unethical." He then marched to attack Qin Jia.

Qin Jiajun was defeated and pursued him to Huling. Jia fought for one day, Jia died, and the army surrendered.

Jing Ju died in Liangdi. Xiang Liang has merged with Qin Jia's army and marched to Huling. He will lead his army to the west.

When Zhang Han's army arrived at Li, Xiang Liang sent other generals Zhujishi and Yu Fanjun to fight with him. Yu Fanjun died, Zhujishi's army was defeated, and he fled to Huling.

Xiang Liang Nai led troops into Xue and killed Ji Shi. Xiang Liang sent Xiang Yu to attack Xiangcheng, but Xiangcheng could not hold on.

They have been pulled out, and they are all trapped. Also report the item Liang.

Xiang Liang heard that King Chen was destined to die and summoned other generals to tell Xue Jishi. At this time, Pei Gong also got up and went to Yan.

Fan Zeng, a 3rd-year-old from Juchao, was seventy years old. He lived at home and was curious about his plans. He went to Xiang Liang and said, "Chen will definitely win or lose. Qin destroyed the six kingdoms, but Chu was the most innocent.

Since King Huai entered Qin, he has not rebelled, and the people of Chu have pitied him to this day. Therefore, Chu Nan Gong said: "Although Chu has three households, if Qin is destroyed, Chu will definitely die." .

Now that the king has risen from the east of the Yangtze River, all the generals from Chu will vie to join the king. If the king of Chu will succeed, he will be able to restore the queen of Chu. Sun Xin, the king of Huai, was a shepherd among the people. He established himself as King Huai of Chu, as he was expected by the people.

Chen Ying was the Shangzhu State of Chu, granted five counties, and made Xutai the capital of King Huai. Xiang Liang named himself Lord Wu Xin.

After staying for a few months, he led troops to attack Kangfu, and together with Qi Tianrong and Sima Long, he rescued Dong'a and defeated the Qin army in Dong'a. Tian Rong immediately led his troops back and drove away his king.

Fake death and go to Chu. It turns out that Tianjiao escaped from Zhao.

Jiao's younger brother Tian Jian was an old Qi general who lived in Zhao and did not dare to return. Tian Rong established Tian Danzi City as the King of Qi.

Xiang Liang had defeated Dong'a's army and then pursued the Qin army. Several envoys asked the troops to join forces and wanted to join them to the west.

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Zhao also did not kill the corners of the fields, and the fields were used as markets. Qi then refused to send troops to help Chu.

Xiang Liang sent Pei Gong and Xiang Yu to attack Chengyang and massacre them. The Qin army defeated Puyang in the west, and the Qin army entered Puyang.

Pei Gong and Xiang Yu then attacked Dingtao. Before Dingtao was conquered, he went westward to Yongqiu, defeated the Qin army, killed Li You, and also attacked Waihuang, but Waihuang had not yet been conquered.

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Tai Shigong said: I heard that Zhou Sheng said, "Shun's eyes are covered with heavy pupils", and I also heard that Xiang Yu also had heavy pupils.

Is it possible that his descendants are evil? What a violent incident! Husband Qin lost his power and Chen She was in trouble. Heroes arose in droves and fought with each other, innumerable. However, Yu did not have the size, so he took advantage of the situation and rose up in Longmu. In three years, he destroyed the Qin Dynasty and divided the world with five princes. Also, it would be difficult for Ji Yubei to care about Chu, banish the Righteous Emperor and establish himself on his own, and blame the princes for betraying him.

He is proud of his merits and exploits his own wisdom rather than imitating the ancients. It is said that the overlord's business is to conquer and manage the world with force.

It has been five years since his country was destroyed and he died in Dongcheng. He has not yet fallen asleep and does not blame himself. It is too late. It is not absurd to quote, "It is not the crime of using troops to destroy me."

Soon, he was temporarily appointed as the chief inspector of the imperial examination. Emperor Wu thought that he was too old and appointed him as the prefect of Runan. He died in office a few years later, and there was no property left at home after his death.