Li Baiyou's Collection of Li Taibai has been handed down from generation to generation, and most of his poems were written when he was drunk. His representative works include Looking at Lushan Waterfall, it is hard to go, Difficult Road to Shu, Entering Wine, Liang, First Sending Baidicheng, etc.
Li Bai's ci-fu was once passed down by Song people (such as Wen Ying's Xiang Yue Lu). In terms of its pioneering significance and artistic achievements? Li Bai's words? Enjoy a high status.
Personal summary
Li Bai has the highest achievements in Yuefu, Gexing and Jueju. His songs completely broke all the inherent forms of poetry creation, no one relied on them, and his brushwork was diverse, reaching the magical realm of unpredictability and swaying. Li Bai's quatrains are natural and lively, elegant and chic, and can express endless feelings in concise and lively language. Among the poets in the prosperous Tang Dynasty, Wang Wei and Meng Haoran were good at the Five Wonders, while Wang Changling and others wrote the Seven Wonders well. Li Bai is the only one who is good at both the Five Odds and the Seven Odds.
Li Bai's poems are magnificent and elegant, and his artistic achievements are extremely high. He eulogized the mountains, rivers and beautiful natural scenery of the motherland. His style was unrestrained, elegant and fresh, full of romantic spirit, and he achieved the perfect unity of content and art. What was he called? Immortality? Most of his poems mainly describe landscapes and express inner feelings. What are Li Bai's poems? A poem makes you cry? His artistic charm is also the most distinctive artistic feature of his poems. Li Bai's poems are full of self-expression and subjective lyricism, and the expression of feelings is overwhelming. He and Du Fu are also called? Big Dooley? (Li Shangyin and Du Mu are also called? Little Du Li? )。
In Li Bai's poems, imagination, exaggeration, metaphor, personification and other techniques are often used comprehensively to produce magical brilliance and magnificent artistic conception, which is the reason why Li Bai's romantic poems give people heroic and unrestrained, elegant and immortal.
Li Bai's poems and songs had a far-reaching influence on later generations. Han Yu, Meng Jiao and Li He in the middle Tang Dynasty, Su Shi, Lu You and Xin Qiji in the Song Dynasty, Gao Qi, Yang Shen and Gong Zizhen in the Ming and Qing Dynasties were all greatly influenced by Li Bai's poems.
style
Bold and unrestrained, fresh and elegant, rich in imagination, wonderful in artistic conception, wonderful in language, romantic and clear in artistic conception.
Li Bai lived in the prosperous Tang Dynasty. He has a heroic personality and loves the mountains and rivers of the motherland. He traveled all over the country and wrote many magnificent poems praising famous mountains and rivers. His poems are bold, fresh and elegant, with rich imagination, wonderful artistic conception and light language. What do people call him? Poet fairy? . Li Bai's poems and songs not only have typical romantic spirit, but also have typical romantic artistic characteristics from the aspects of image shaping, material intake, genre selection and the application of various artistic techniques.
Li Bai successfully shaped himself in his poems, expressed himself strongly, and highlighted the unique personality of the lyric hero, so his poems have distinct romantic characteristics. He likes to express himself in a magnificent image, expressing his feelings in his poems without disguise or restraint. Right, power, him? Holding a chrysanthemum to tease two thousand stones? (One of the two songs "Send Cui Shiyu after Drunk"); Seeing the hard work of the working people, why? Heartbroken and tearful? . When the country overturns and people's livelihood is ruined, he? Swear to cross the river and aim at clearing the Central Plains. Draw your sword and hit the front post. It is difficult to repeat this sad song. ("Nan Ben Shu Huai"), so passionate; When drinking heartily with friends, the two of us drank cup after cup among the flowers in the mountains and plains. I'm so drunk that I'm going to sleep. Is Ming going to play the piano? ("Mountain Residence and Lovers"), it is so naive and straightforward. In a word, his poems vividly show his bold character and bold image.
Boldness is the main feature of Li Bai's poems. In addition to the factors of ideological character and talent, the artistic expression and genre structure used in Li Bai's poems are also important reasons for his bold and elegant style. Being good at relying on imagination and being subjective and objective are the important characteristics of romantic artistic techniques in Li Bai's poems. Almost every article has imagination, and some even use a variety of imagination throughout. Realistic things, natural landscapes, myths and legends, historical allusions and dreamland have all become the media of his imagination. With the help of imagination, we often transcend time and space, interweave reality with dreams and fairyland, and interweave nature with human society to reproduce objective reality. The images in his works are not the direct reflection of objective reality, but the externalization of his inner subjective world, which is the truth of art.
One of the artistic techniques of romanticism in Li Bai's poems is to skillfully combine personification with metaphor, empathize with things and compare things with people.
Another romantic artistic technique in Li Bai's poems is to grasp a certain feature of things and boldly imagine and exaggerate on the basis of real life. His exaggeration is not only strange in imagination, but also always combined with concrete things, so natural and unobtrusive; So bold, true and credible, it has played a role in highlighting the image and strengthening feelings. Sometimes he combines bold exaggeration with sharp contrast to enhance the artistic effect by increasing artistic contrast.
Li Bai's best genre is seven-character poems and quatrains. Li Bai's seven-character song also adopts the structure of opening, closing, jumping and swinging. The beginning of a poem is often abrupt, such as a sudden surge, while the middle image of the poem is abrupt, often omitting the transitional care, as if there is no trace to follow, and the end of the poem comes to an abrupt end at the emotional climax.
Li Bai's quatrains of five or seven words can better represent the fresh and lively style of his poems. Such as "Making Baidicheng Early", "Farewell to Meng Haoran on the way to Yangzhou" and "Thinking of Quiet Night", what is the miraculous effect? Just look at the prospect and spoken language, but there are overtones and tastes, which make people stay away from it. ? (On Talking about Poetry).
language
The language of Li Bai's poems, some fresh as spoken language, some bold, informal and close to prose, are unified in? Clear water produces hibiscus, natural carving? In the natural beauty. This is related to his conscious pursuit of natural beauty. He inherited Chen Ziang's literary thought and took it as his duty to restore the tradition of poetry and Sao. He once said? Since Liang Chen, Yan Bosi is extremely thin, and Shen Xiuwen still follows his temperament and will go back to the ancients. Who am I? He advocates? Halal? , irony? Is it naive to carve insects? Ugly girls follow suit, and Handan is a toddler. The natural beauty of his poetic language is the result of his careful study of folk songs and his understanding of popular characteristics, which is clear as words, popular and vivid.
representative works
Into the Wine, Difficult Road to Shu, Climbing Mount Tianmu in a Dream, Thinking of Quiet Night, Looking at Lushan Waterfall, Chivalry, Spring Thoughts, Qiu Ge, etc.
Literary forms like Fu.
There is no unanimous conclusion as to whether Li Bai created ci, but there are about 20 works handed down as Li Bai's ci today, whether true or false, such as Bodhisattva Man and Qin Yi E.
In terms of its pioneering significance and artistic achievements, Li Bai's ci? Enjoy a high position in the history of ci. This position is like the position of ancient Greek mythology in western art, as a kind of? Out of reach? Li Bai's ci has become an eternal idol in people's hearts. Li Bai has made great contributions to the formation of the text mode and the creation mode of ci.
In fact, from the collection of flowers in the late Tang and Five Dynasties, Li Bai will never be forgotten in all the anthologies and collections of Tang and Song Ci, and at least one sentence should be mentioned in the preface and postscript. As the first great poet in the history of literature, although the copyright of only a few poems is often questioned, no one has ever expressed any dissatisfaction or criticism to him. If the world's first poet is selected, Li Bai will undoubtedly be elected unanimously? Word king? .
calligraphy
Shangjietie is a cursive script with four words and four lines written by Li Bai, and it is also the only authentic calligraphy handed down from generation to generation. Paper, 28.5 cm long and 38. 1 cm wide. 5 lines of cursive script, 25 words in total. Department? Taibai? Two words. Quote the title of the Qing emperor Li Hong's regular script? Violet Han Yi? Four words, the title of Song Huizong Evonne's thin gold book at the top right of the text:? Don Li Taibai's upper terrace? Seven words. , Yan,, Du Ben, Ouyang Xuan,,, Qi Lu, Qing Ganlong and others wrote and watched. Song Zhao Meng Jian before and after the volume? Zigu? 、? Hey? , Jia sidao? Chou He books? , Yuan? Zhangyan private seal? 、? Ouyang Xuan seal? As well as the Ming dynasty, the Qing dynasty, an qi, the Qing dynasty inner government, modern and so on.
swordsmanship
Li Bai is not only brilliant in literary talent, but also brilliant in fencing. Him? Fifteen good swordsmanship? ,? Fencing is self-knowledge? . Extraordinary achievements. Li Bai's poems, Pei Minzhi's swordsmanship and Zhang Xu's cursive script are collectively called the three wonders of the Tang Dynasty. Although? Three musts? There is no fencing of Li Bai, but his fencing ranks second only to Pei Min in the Tang Dynasty.
According to statistics, in Li Bai's poems, "all Tang poems"? Sword? This word appears 107 times, except `? Jiange? Three times? Sword wall? 1 time, weapons? Sword? There are still 103 times. Belong to the sword? Hey? Appeared 1 time,? Wu Gou? 1 time, Wu Hong? 1 time, Zhan Lu? 1 time, lieutenant? 1 time, Mo Xie? 1 time, Qingping? Twice? Qiulian? Twice? Frost and snow twice? Dagger? Three times? Longquan? Four times. Total,? Sword? The word 1 18 times (when is it counted? Frost and snow in Wu Gou? ,? Free Zhan? ,? Has Hà Thu opened the box? ,? My wife is not evil? ,? My green ping sword? 1 time respectively), distributed in 106 poems, accounting for about 10% of the total number of poems.
Taoist classics
Since childhood, Li Bai often went to Daitian to talk to Taoist priests about Taoism. Later, he lived in seclusion with a hermit named Dong Yanzi in Minshan and studied hard. They keep many exotic birds and work as animal keepers in the mountains where they live. These beautiful and docile birds are used to breeding and fly to feed regularly, as if they can understand human language. As soon as they heard the cry, they flew down the steps from all directions and even pecked at the grain in people's hands without fear. This incident was passed down as an anecdote, and finally Mianzhou secretariat personally went up the mountain to watch birds eat. Seeing that they could direct the movement of birds, the secretariat decided that they had Taoism, so he wanted to recommend them to take the Taoist exam. However, both of them politely refused. Zhao Kun, a famous strategist at that time, was also Li Bai's teacher. He wrote ten volumes of long and short classics in the fourth year of Kaiyuan (7 16). Li Bai was only fifteen years old. Zhao Kun's strategic works, which studied the similarities and differences of the Six Classics, analyzed the situation in the world, emphasized the way of rise and fall, and managed chaos, aroused Li Bai's great interest. He is bent on making contributions in the future and likes to talk about the way of Wang Ba, which is also influenced by this book.
think
In the prosperous Tang Dynasty, the national strength was strong, and most scholars were eager to make contributions. Li Bai pretends to be an extraordinary talent. Inspire their wisdom and be willing to help them, so that the Atlas area will be solved and Hai Xian County will be clear. Self-proclaimed achievements and unswerving pursuit of realization throughout your life? Talking and laughing with an Liyuan? 、? Finally live in peace with the country? Ideal. He compared himself with Dapeng, Tianma and Xiong Jian. Dapeng rises with the wind one day and soars into Wan Li. If the wind weakens, it can still lift away the turbulent current. ? ("Li Shangyong"). He hopes to be a wise monarch like Jiang Shang and restore the Han Dynasty like Zhuge Liang. Yin's "Reading Zhuge Wuhou Biography", Dong's "Wandering Songs" and "Difficult to Go" (Part II) all reflect his thoughts.
Li Bai thinks that with his own talent, he can? When you go out, you will make peace with the princes, and when you run away, you will overlook the nest. (Preface to the Swallow Garden to perform Yinxian City Mountain) He shows a strong contempt for those powerful people who enjoy high positions and high salaries by virtue of their family background, showing an unyielding character. He despised the feudal hierarchy, was unwilling to flatter, and disdained to rise and fall with customs. The darkness of reality disillusioned his ideal, and he was suffocated by the shackles of feudal ethical hierarchy. He longed for the freedom and liberation of his personality, so he adopted a wild and uninhibited attitude towards life to get rid of the shackles and strive for freedom. Its manifestation is binge drinking and singing, seeking immortality and learning Taoism. However, wine can't sell sorrow, and immortals are more ethereal. Why? According to a constant habit in my life? ("Lushan Ballad"), praise the beautiful nature as the ideal sustenance and the embodiment of freedom. Mount Emei, Huashan, Lushan, Taishan, Huangshan, etc. It is majestic in his works, full of clouds and streams; The rushing Yellow River and the surging Yangtze River swept away everything in the works, showing the poet's unruly character and strong desire to break through the fetters.
This is Li Bai's angry struggle against society and an important embodiment of his rebellious spirit. He opposed Xuanzong's exultation and belligerence, exposing that he was not one of his own, which led to the sacrifice of the people's soldiers in vain. Because of Xuanzong's arrogance, the eunuch's power is very hot. Through the analysis of Youyan's platform and field observation, Li Bai is sensitive to poets, and he and Du Fu are the first poets to reveal disasters. ? An Shi rebellion? Outbreak, his patriotic enthusiasm sublimated, get rid of the contradiction of using Tibetan resources. His rebellious character and spirit have profound patriotic connotation, social significance and characteristics of the times. The third, fifteenth, twenty-fourth and thirty-ninth editions of Antique have profoundly exposed and strongly criticized the social reality.
Li Bai has both lofty and secular side. His ideal and freedom can only be found in the mountains, in the fairyland and in his hometown where he is drunk and dreaming. Therefore, in his poems such as Into the Wine, Songs on the River and Songs of Xiangyang, his dreamlike thoughts of living, eating, drinking and escaping from reality are revealed, which is also representative among upright and upright literati in feudal society.
Li Bai's famous sentences
1, one day I will ride the wind and waves, sail straight up and cross the deep sea. It's hard to go.
But since the water is still flowing, although we cut it with a sword, sadness will come back, even though we drown them with wine. Xie Tiao Building in Xuanzhou sends off the school book Shu Yun.
3. Yanshan snowflakes are as big as seats, and pieces of them blow off Xuanyuantai. Popular in the north
Since God has given talents, let them be used! , spin one thousand silver, all back! . Invite for a drink
5. You didn't see how the water of the Yellow River moved out of heaven and into the ocean, never to return; Have you seen the lovely hair in the bright mirror in the high room, although it is still silky black in the morning, it turns into snow at night? Invite for a drink
Oh, let a man with spirit take risks where he wants to go, and never point his golden cup at the moon empty! . Invite for a drink
7. The green hills on both sides of the strait are opposite, and the lonely sails come from the sun. Wangtianmen mountain
8. Sailing alone in the blue sky, only the Yangtze River flows in the sky. Farewell to Meng Haoran on the way to Yangzhou from Yellow Crane Tower.
9, flying three thousands of feet, suspected that the Milky Way fell for nine days. Look at Lushan Waterfall
10, three mountains and a half fall out of the sky, and Bailuzhou is full of water. Climb the Phoenix Terrace in Nanjing.
1 1, laugh and watch the sky go out. I'm from Artemisia. Children in Nanling don't enter Beijing.
The highest cliff is less than a foot from heaven, and the withered pine trees hang low on the cliff surface. The road to Shu, so steep, steeper than Heaven.
13, a cloud rises between the light of heaven and me, hiding his city from my melancholy heart. Climb the Phoenix Terrace in Nanjing.
I will think of you in the clouds, so think of me in the sunset. See a friend off
15, which is the end of the mountain and the beginning of the plain. The river winds through the wilderness. Farewell friends at Jingmen Ferry.
16, Lin Ping is misty, and Hanshan area is sad and melancholy. Bodhisattva-level people
17, I have sorrow in my heart. When the moon is bright, I will always follow you until Yelangxi. "I heard that Wang Changling left and moved to Longbiaoyao to send this."
18, Taohuatan is deeper than thousands of feet and not as good as Wang Lun. A gift for Wang Lun.
19, white hair, three thousands of feet, long sorrow. Song Pu of Autumn
20. Oh, when will the Tatar army be conquered and when will my husband come back from the long battle! . Midnight Wu Ge
2 1, until, holding up my cup, I asked the bright moon to bring me my shadow and make the three of us. Drink the moon alone.
On the 22nd, on both sides of the ape's cry, the canoe has passed Chung Shan Man. Baidi City was released in advance.
23. The ladies-in-waiting are like full spring palace, but today only partridges can fly. Visiting ancient Vietnam and China.
Today, people can't see the ancient moon. This month, they have taken photos of the ancients. Borrow wine for the moon.
25. Oh, how can I bow and scrape to those people with high status and important positions? They never want to be seen with a sincere face. Dream of oil and Tianmu singing goodbye