Dill-Introduction
Dill, also known as Dill pinnata, Mytilus pinnatifida, Youlong grass, Dill pine, Jinping seal, etc., commonly known as five-pointed star flower and lion grass, is an annual herbaceous flower of convolvulaceae. Its flowering period is almost the same as that of Petunia, but because of its slender plants, Petunia is not usually arranged on elevated hedges. It is generally used to arrange short hedges or green balconies, and its common variety is Aralia pinnata. When the green leaves are full of shelves, I can only see the layers of green feathers, which are tender and light, like green smoke in a cage, like wearing a blue gauze, swaying with the wind and beautiful. In the past, there used to be flowers, and the bamboo skeleton was like a lion, which made dill linger and spread all over it to form a green lion, which was vivid and interesting. This kind of garden art, called "landscape", is also called bonsai, and it is also a style.
dill month produces pedicels from the axils of leaves, which are about an inch long, thin, straight and vigorous, with several small flowers on each pedicel, and some have one. The corolla is deep red and bright, and when it blooms, it looks like a shining pentagonal red star, which is dotted on the green down blanket and shines brightly. From summer solstice to late autumn, a batch is opened every day, which opens in the morning and withers in the afternoon. Flowers are white besides red. If the two colors are mixed, the red and white complement each other, which is especially interesting.
dill has strong resilience and simple management. The capsule contains 4 seeds. When it matures, it falls to the ground and grows by itself in the following year. If planted manually, plant in March. Transplant seedlings with a length of 1 cm. In order to make more flowers, it should be planted in fertile soil in various sunny places. Potted plants must be supported for winding, and when they bloom, they are extremely beautiful.
Dill-growth habit Dill, with alternate leaves, slender leaves like silk, flowers emerging from the axils of leaves, pedicels about an inch long, and several five-elephant star-shaped florets bearing deep red and bright colors, including red and white. The flowering period is from early July to late September, and a batch is opened every day, which fades in the morning and afternoon. Dilute and smooth creeping stems of dill, which can reach 4-5 meters in length, are soft and extremely climbing, and are ideal hedge plants. [1]
dill-cultivated variety
dill vine leaves are slender and beautiful, which is an excellent plant for garden flower racks and hedges, and can also be potted and displayed indoors. In the flowering season, although its flower shape is small, it is dotted among the green leaves, which is lively and moving.
In addition, there are three kinds of dill: round-leaf dill, whose leaves, like morning glory, are heart-shaped and oval. Dilemma pentaphyllum, also known as Dilemma pentaphyllum, has heart-shaped leaves, 3-parted, many flowers and dense dichotomy. Dicotyledonous dill, also known as mechanical dill, has palmately divided leaves and a wide oval shape. The flowers of the three are red, and the common dill is the most beautiful.
All kinds of dill are named according to the shape of leaves. For example, the feathery leaves are called feather dill. The main ornamental species are Quam oclitpennata, Quamoc]it sloteri and Quamoc]it coccinea. Dill with feather leaves is also known as Dill pine, Dragon Flower, Jinping Wind, etc. Acer Dill is also known as Dill, Dill, Dill, Dill, Dill, Dill and other round Dill, and Dill is also known as Orange Dill.
dill-cultivation method dill should be propagated by seeds. Sowing in early April, after sowing, attention should be paid to shading, and the seedbed should be kept moist, and seedlings can emerge in about one week.
The cultivation of dill is relatively simple:
① Planting in the open field. It is advisable to choose a place with sunny lee and good drainage. In addition to applying base fertilizer, liquid fertilizer should be applied 1~2 times before flowering. When planting, be sure to water it, and then only water it once a week.
② potted dill. A little base fertilizer should be put at the bottom of the basin when it is put on the basin, and liquid fertilizer should be applied once a month later. Water in time, but don't accumulate water.
③ thinning vines and leaves properly. It is not only conducive to ventilation and light transmission, but also makes the plant shape beautiful. After the flowers wither, the residual flowers should be picked in time to prevent them from bearing seeds, so that nutrients can be concentrated for the new branches to bloom and prolong the flowering period.
Requirements for environmental conditions
Because dill is native to tropical areas, it likes warmth, avoids cold and frost, and grows very slowly at low temperature. The suitable temperature for seed germination is 2℃ ~ 25℃. Most species are not strict about sunshine hours, but Quamoclit lobata needs less than 12 hours of sunshine to bloom. The requirements for soil are not strict, but it grows well in fertile and loose soil.
seeds
The seeds of Dillenium pinnatum (Figure 4) weigh about 139 thousand grains, and the seeds can be used for 3-4 years. Fruit maturity is inconsistent, and it is easy to fall off after maturity, so it should be picked as it ripens. Each fruit contains 3 ~ 4 seeds. If there are red flowers and white flowers, the seeds should be collected separately.
different kinds of dill have different seed shapes, as shown in fig. 5 for the seeds of Acer negundo and fig. 6 for the seeds of round dill.
sow and raise seedlings of dill
raise seedlings in protected field in spring, and the number of days of planting seedlings in the open field after the final frost is about 45 days, which should not be too long, otherwise the vines grown by the seedlings will be intertwined.
The seedlings can grow well by sowing and cultivating with ordinary nutrient soil for seedling raising. Sow with a seedling tray. The sowing amount per square meter of seedbed is about 1g, and the fine soil is about 1．5cm after sowing, which should not be too thin, otherwise it is easy to be unearthed with seed coat. The ground temperature is controlled at 2℃ ~ 25℃, and the seeds are sown for 4 days to emerge. The seedlings of Dill pinnata and Dill Acer are shown in Figure 7. Dill is easy to emerge, but it is often irregular, so it should be carefully selected to make the seedlings orderly. The author observed that dill seedlings are very afraid of drought, and will die when the drought is a little severe, even if it is watered, it is difficult to recover, so special attention should be paid to this when raising seedlings. Because it is a straight-rooted plant, it is best to use plastic seedling pots with a diameter of 8cm to grow seedlings, and only move the seedlings once, and plant one seedling in each container. You can also use 72-hole tray to cultivate seedlings, and you should also pay attention to the supply of water during seedling cultivation. Moderate control of soil moisture in the middle and late stage of seedling raising. Always fully see the light at the seedling stage. If the seedlings are large and the vines are intertwined, they should be separated as soon as possible, and if necessary, the seedling pot should be moved away for a certain distance.
The red flowers of Dillenium pinnatifida are brighter than the white flowers, and most people prefer red flowers. But even if all the seeds of red flowers are harvested, most offspring may separate white flowers. Seeds are not easy to distinguish, but they are easy to distinguish at seedling stage. The stems of red flowers are dark red, and the stems of white flowers are green, which can be well distinguished as long as they are carefully observed. If you carefully select seeds every year and pay attention to isolation, there will be fewer and fewer mixed colors in future generations.
cultivation
early planting is generally not recommended in areas where the night temperature is still relatively low. Dill has strong ability of self-sowing. If you don't care about the flowering time, you can also use self-sowing seedlings in the second year of cultivation, but because there is no seed selection and late emergence, the greening effect is worse. Dill grows a lot, so we should apply foot fertilizer, spread it evenly and turn it deeply. Planing holes and planting, removing plastic seedling pots, planting seedlings in holes, 1 plant in each hole, covering the seedlings with fine soil, watering, covering the soil and sealing the holes. The plant spacing of single row planting is about 35cm, and the plant spacing of seedling cultivation or fertile soil should be appropriately larger; Self-sowing seedlings emerge late, their growth is delayed, and the spacing between plants should be appropriately smaller. Timely watering can promote the growth of stems and leaves, but be careful not to grow wildly to avoid delaying flowering. In the early stage, vines were artificially assisted to scaffolding, fences, trees or other supports. In the middle and late stage, the plants themselves have strong climbing ability, so they don't have to worry about it except for modeling, and let them climb and entangle. Potted plants should be watered and fertilized frequently.