Taking surname as surname: From the late clan society to the Xia and Shang Dynasties, the labels of many branch clans became the surnames of later generations, such as Ji, Jiang, Si and Yao. These surnames with the word "female" are the earliest surnames in China.
Taking the country's name as the surname: the Xia and Shang Dynasties all took Hou as the fief, and in the early years of the Western Zhou Dynasty, the big enfeoffment system was implemented. Vassal states, large and small, are all over Kyushu, and these country names have become the surnames of their descendants, such as Qi, Lu, Chu, Qin, Yan and Zheng.
Take the name of the city as the surname: When he was in office, Scott took the city to Su in anger, so his son's grandson was Su.
Take the township and pavilion as the surname: if the descendants of the ancestors of the Qin State named Ying were sealed in, they got the surname of Yi.
Take the place of residence as the surname: If the doctors in Qi Huangong live in East China, South China, West China and North China respectively, these four countries will become surnames. There are also surnames such as Nangong, Dongfang, Hai, Jiang, Chi, Tian, Qiu and Shui.
Take the ancestors' words or names as surnames: for example, the illegitimate child, his descendants are all surnamed Lin.
Take the ranking as the surname: in ancient times, there were Meng Zhongshu Ji in the ranking, and there were history, history and Lu in the Spring and Autumn Period.
Take titles as surnames: such as Wang, Hou and Jiang.
Taking the official position as the surname: the official history, division, Sima and Sikong of the Western Zhou Dynasty all became surnames later.
Take technique as surname: For example, Wu in Shang Dynasty was the founder of divination, and later generations thought it was surname. There are also surnames such as Tao, Zhen and Tu.
Take plants as surnames: Yang, Liu, Mei, Hua, Li, Bai and Lan.
Take animals as surnames: dragon, bear, horse, cow, sheep, tiger, fish, etc.
The surnames brought by the integration of ancient ethnic minorities into the Han nationality: such as Murong, Yuwen, Huyan and Gaoyou.
Take posthumous title as the surname: the descendants of Ru's surname is Zhuang.
Change the surname because of giving the surname and avoiding it: for example, in the Southern Dynasties, Emperor Longdi gave the surname Zhu to the country, and the people in Fujian and Taiwan called it "the ancestor of the country". For example, Emperor Wendi gave the surname, so it was changed to Chang.
Generally speaking, the ways in which surnames are produced can be divided into the above categories, and the fundamental reason is the diversity and richness of China culture.
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