The order of the emperors of the Ming Dynasty, the order of the emperors of the Ming Dynasty

The order of emperors in the Ming Dynasty

The 16 emperors of the Ming Dynasty, in order:

Zhu Yuanzhang, Emperor Taizu of Ming Dynasty, Zhu Yunwen, Emperor Hui of Ming Dynasty, Zhu Di, Emperor Chengzu of Ming Dynasty, Zhu Gaochi, Emperor Renzong of Ming Dynasty, Xuanzong Zhu Zhanji, Ming Yingzong Zhu Qizhen, Ming Dynasty Zong Zhu Qiyu, Ming Xianzong Zhu Jianshen, Ming Xiaozong Zhu Youtang, Ming Wuzong Zhu Houzhao, Ming Shizong Zhu Houcong, Ming Mingzong Zhu Zaihe, Ming Shenzong Zhu Yijun, Ming Guangzong Zhu Changluo, Ming Xizong Zhu Youxiao, Ming Sizong Zhu Youjian.

The Ming Dynasty (1368-1644) was a dynasty established by the Han people in Chinese history. Its capital was Nanjing in the early days, and Beijing was its capital during the reign of Emperor Chengzu of the Ming Dynasty. According to the legend of the Sixteenth Emperor, the reign lasted for 276 years.

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Zhu Yuanzhang (October 21, 1328 - June 24, 1398), named Guorui, was born in Zhongli, Haozhou (now Fengyang, Anhui) , Han nationality. His original name was Chongba, and later he was named Xingzong. He participated in Guo Zixing's army and changed his name to Yuanzhang. Politician, military strategist, strategist. The founding emperor of the Ming Dynasty, his reign title was Hongwu.

During his reign, Zhu Yuanzhang carried out reforms in all aspects. Politically, he abolished the Prime Minister and the Secretary of the Ministry of Education, established three departments to divide power, further strengthened the centralization of power, and severely punished Corrupt officials and illegal nobles; the implementation of the guard system in the military; economically, large-scale immigration and military settlements, construction of water conservancy projects, emancipation of slaves, reduction of tax burdens, sending people to all parts of the country to measure land, check household registration, etc.;

< p> Culturally, we should pay close attention to education, promote the imperial examination, establish the Imperial College to cultivate talents; strengthen overseas exchanges with the outside world, and restore China's status as a suzerain. Social production gradually recovered and developed, known as the Hongwu Rule in history.

Baidu Encyclopedia - What are the names of the monarchs of the Ming Dynasty and the emperors of the Ming Dynasty in order

The emperors of the Ming Dynasty started from Ming Taizu Zhu Yuanzhang to Ming Sizong Zhu Youjian***16 An emperor of the Ming Dynasty.

The emperors of the Ming Dynasty had distinctive personalities, and each dynasty in the Ming Dynasty also had different atmospheres due to the emperor's distinctive personalities. In 1368, Zhu Yuanzhang destroyed the Yuan Dynasty and proclaimed himself emperor. The country was named Daming. It lasted for twelve generations and passed down sixteen emperors.

They are: Ming Taizu (Hongwu), Ming Hui Emperor (Jianwen), Ming Chengzu (Yongle), Ming Renzong (Hongxi), Ming Xuanzong (Xuande), Ming Yingzong (Zhengtong/Tianshun), Ming Daizong (Jingtai), Ming Xianzong (Chenghua), Ming Xiaozong (Hongzhi), Ming Wuzong (Zhengde), Ming Shizong (Jiajing), Ming Muzong (Longqing), Ming Shenzong (Wanli), Ming Guangzong (Taichang), Ming Xizong (Tianqi), Ming Sizong (Chongzhen).

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Many people will think that the emperors of the Ming Dynasty are very weird, like Taoist emperors, carpenter emperors, emperors who did not go to court, etc. Obviously, these so-called historical records are not reliable. After all, the "History of the Ming Dynasty" compiled by the Qing Dynasty is not trustworthy, and the literati of the Ming Dynasty were not economical lamps, so several emperors of the Ming Dynasty were turned into weirdos. It’s considered normal.

However, despite this, there is one thing about the Ming Dynasty emperors that history cannot discredit, which is that the Ming Dynasty emperors were not weak.

No matter from Zhu Yuanzhang, the founding emperor, to Zhu Youlang, the last emperor of the Southern Ming Dynasty, from the early days of the founding of the Ming Dynasty to the late days of the Ming Dynasty's demise, no emperor ever ceded territory or paid compensation because of weakness. The marriage shows how tough the emperor of the Ming Dynasty was.

There once was an emperor in the Ming Dynasty. Zhu Qizhen, the Yingzong of Ming Dynasty, was captured by Wa Ci. Originally, Wa Ci wanted to use the Ming Dynasty emperor to make a big fortune, but in the end he didn't get a tael of silver. Also, even the headstrong Emperor Chongzhen had no intention of bowing his head and surrendering even when faced with Li Zicheng's attack on Beijing.

At that time, the Ming Dynasty still had more than half of the country. Nanjing, the companion capital, was still there, and the entire administrative system of the Ming Dynasty had not been destroyed. Chongzhen could go to Nanjing to take refuge temporarily, and then slowly fight back. Who could I knew that Chongzhen actually hanged himself, and Li Zicheng never thought that he would force Emperor Chongzhen to death.

This indeed reflects the integrity of the Ming Dynasty emperor. Regardless of whether Chongzhen Meishan hanged himself was right or wrong, at least his spirit and courage are very worthy of admiration

Baidu Encyclopedia - In what order were the monarchs of the Ming Dynasty and the emperors of the Ming Dynasty?

Zhu Yuanzhang, courtesy name Guorui Taizu Gao Emperor Hongwu (1368-1398)

Zhu Yunzong Huizong let Emperor Jianwen (1399-1402)

Zhu Di Cheng Zuwen Emperor Yongle (1403-1424)

Zhu Gaochi Renzongzhao Emperor Hongxi (1424-1425)

Zhu Zhanji Emperor Xuanzongzhang Xuande (1426-1435)

Zhu Qi Zhenying Zongrui Emperor Zhengtong (1436-1449)

Zhu Qiyu succeeded Zongjing Emperor Jingtai (1450-1457)

Zhu Jianshen, Emperor Xianzong, Chenghua (1465-1487)

Zhu Youtang, Emperor Xiaozong, Emperor Hongzhi (1488-1505)

Zhu Houzhao, Emperor Zhengde of Wuzongyi (1506-1521)

Zhu Houcong, Emperor Shizongsu of Jiajing (1522-1566)

Emperor Longqing of Zhu Zaiye and Mu Zongzhuang (1567) Year - 1572)

Zhu Yijun Shenzongxian Emperor Wanli (1573 - 1620)

Zhu Changluo Guangzongzhen Emperor Taichang (1620) actually reigned for one month

Zhu Youxiao, Xi Zongzhao, Emperor Tianqi (1621-1627)

Zhu Youjian, Yizong (formerly Sizong), Lie Emperor Chongzhen (1628-1644)

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The Ming Dynasty (1368-1644) was a unified dynasty established by the Han people. It had sixteen emperors and lived for 276 years.

The territory of the Ming Dynasty included the Han Dynasty. In the early Ming Dynasty, it reached the Sea of ??Japan and the Xing'an Mountains in the northeast, and later shrunk to the Liaohe River Basin; it reached the Yinshan Mountains in the north, retreated to the Ming Great Wall; it reached Hami, Xinjiang, in the west, retreated to defend Jiayuguan; and the southwest Near the Bay of Bengal], then turned back to about present-day Yunnan; and set up a guard station in the Qinghai-Tibet area, and also recaptured Annan.

The Ming Dynasty was the golden age after the Han and Tang Dynasties. In the Ming Dynasty, there were no relatives from the Han Dynasty, vassal towns from the Tang Dynasty, or coins from the Song Dynasty. The emperor guarded the country's gates, and the king died in the country. Emperor Kangxi of the Qing Dynasty evaluated Taizu of the Ming Dynasty as "ruling the Tang and Song Dynasties", and "History of the Ming Dynasty" evaluated Chengzu of the Ming Dynasty as "far away from the Han and Tang Dynasties".

Baidu Encyclopedia - The order of emperors in the Ming Dynasty

The Ming Dynasty had twelve generations and sixteen emperors: Ming Taizu (Hongwu), Ming Hui Emperor (Jianwen), Ming Chengzu ( Yongle), Ming Renzong (Hongxi), Ming Xuanzong (Xuande), Ming Yingzong (Zhengtong/Tianshun), Ming Daizong (Jingtai), Ming Xianzong (Chenghua), Ming Xiaozong (Hongzhi), Ming Wuzong (Zhengde), Ming Dynasty Shizong (Jiajing), Ming Muzong (Longqing), Ming Shenzong (Wanli), Ming Guangzong (Taichang), Ming Xi Zong (Tianqi), Ming Sizong (Chongzhen).

It was established in 1368 by Zhu Yuanzhang, Taizu of the Ming Dynasty. It has gone through 12 generations and 16 emperors in the 276th year of the reign of Zuo. In the early Ming Dynasty, the capital was set at Yingtianfu. In 1421, the capital was moved to Shuntianfu, and Yingtianfu was renamed Nanjing. Because the emperor of the Ming Dynasty was named Zhu, he was also called Zhu Ming.

In 1644, Li Zicheng invaded Beijing, and Ming Yi Zong Zhu Youjian hanged himself in Meishan, thus ending the Ming Dynasty. Subsequently, the Manchu Qing Dynasty took control of the Central Plains. In 1662, Emperor Yongli Zhu Youlang was killed. In 1683, the Qing army invaded, and the Ming Dynasty and Zheng Dynasty ended. The Ming Dynasty was a prosperous era in China after the Zhou Dynasty, the Han Dynasty and the Tang Dynasty. It is known in history as "the reign of the Tang and Song Dynasties" and "the far-reaching Han and Tang Dynasties".

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There were sixteen emperors in the history of the Ming Dynasty. Among them, the most famous ones are Zhu Yuanzhang, the founding emperor, and Zhu Di, known as the "Yongle Emperor". But it was not these two who were highly praised by future generations. It was the ninth emperor of the Ming Dynasty, Zhu Youtang, Emperor Xiaozong of the Ming Dynasty.

In the 23rd year of Chenghua (1487), Ming Xianzong died and Crown Prince Zhu Youtang succeeded to the throne.

At this time, the Ming Dynasty was in chaos and its national power was declining.

After Zhu Youtang succeeded to the throne, he was diligent in political affairs. Not only did he attend the morning court every day, he also reopened the afternoon court, which gave ministers more opportunities to assist the emperor in handling government affairs. At the same time, he reopened the Sutra and Banquet Service, advocated outspoken advice, and consulted ministers on how to govern the country. Zhu Youtang also opened the Wenhua Hall to discuss politics. Its role is to discuss state governance and discuss political affairs with the cabinet ministers after the morning and afternoon dynasties.

Under Zhu Youtang's hard work, the Ming Dynasty had a clear political life, a prosperous economy, and a wealthy people who lived and worked in peace and contentment. This period is historically known as the "Hongzhi Zhongxing".

In terms of employment principles, Zhu Youtang followed the principle of meritocracy and reused a large number of talented people, forming a peaceful and prosperous situation in which "many gentlemen in the dynasty were promoted".

He was very generous to his ministers, could confide in them, and never whipped them. Therefore, the monarch and his ministers were as close as one family. He was generous and gentle to his ministers, and when the officials from the capital returned home at night, they would send soldiers to hold lamps to convey the message. Although these things are not big, it is indeed not easy for a feudal emperor to be so kind to his ministers.

In this way, a large number of honest, diligent, enterprising and virtuous ministers who regard the country as their home were given the opportunity to display their talents, and a rare number of virtuous ministers emerged in history.

Zhu Youtang's most praised achievement in domestic affairs was the vigorous construction of water conservancy projects. In May of the second year of Hongzhi (1489), the Yellow River burst in Kaifeng. Emperor Xiaozong of the Ming Dynasty ordered Bai Ang, the left minister of the household department, to lead 50,000 people to repair the breach.

In the fifth year of Hongzhi (1492), the Susong River was silted up and flooded. Emperor Xiaozong of the Ming Dynasty ordered Xu Guan, the minister of the Ministry of Industry, to preside over the treatment, which took nearly three years to complete and completely solved the silt blockage of water transportation in the south of the Yangtze River. After this treatment, the land in the south of the Yangtze River, which was prone to floods in the past, gradually became less flooded. Over the next two hundred years, it became a land of plenty despite droughts and floods.

Zhu Youtang also made outstanding achievements in safeguarding national unity. During his reign, the Ming army recaptured Hami three times. Surrounding neighboring countries or vassal states, such as Annam, Siam, Ryukyu, Turpan, etc., paid tribute to the Ming Dynasty one after another.

It is worth mentioning that in everyone’s impression, the emperor always had a harem of three thousand beauties, but Zhu Youtang, Emperor Xiaozong of the Ming Dynasty, only married Zhang, the queen of Xiaokangjing, and had no other concubines. I only get up and lie down with the queen every day, and have sex with her day and night. This also adds a bright color to his image as a wise king.

Xiaozong's troubled childhood made him in poor health, and the heavy government affairs gradually wore down his already weak body. In the eighteenth year of Hongzhi (1505), Zhu Youtang, the British leader, died in the Qianqing Palace at the age of 36. After his death, he was buried in Ming Tai Mausoleum.

Compared with Zhu Yuanzhang and Zhu Di's martial arts and martial arts, Zhu Youtang is not so dazzling. However, during Zhu Youtang's reign, he worked diligently and loved the people, opened up channels of speech, and made great use of talented people. This is very rare among the emperors of the Ming Dynasty. It was precisely because of Zhu Youtang's hard work that the Ming Dynasty lasted for nearly 140 years, and its achievements were not inferior to those of his two ancestors.

Zhu Guozhen, the chief minister during the Tianqi period of the Ming Dynasty, commented: "Three generations below, those who are called wise masters are Emperor Wen of the Han Dynasty, Emperor Renzong of the Song Dynasty, and Emperor Xiaozong of the Ming Dynasty."

Zeng Guofan's evaluation It is: "Since ancient times, kings with extraordinary wisdom and wisdom have often achieved great success. For example, Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty, Emperor Wen of the Tang Dynasty, Renzong of the Song Dynasty, Shizu of the Yuan Dynasty, and Xiaozong of the Ming Dynasty. At that time, they all had extraordinary talents. They were all handsome, handsome, and distinguished." < /p>

Baidu Encyclopedia - Sorting of Ming Dynasty monarchs and Ming Dynasty emperors

The 16 emperors of the Ming Dynasty, in order: Ming Taizu Zhu Yuanzhang, Ming Hui Emperor Zhu Yunwen, Ming Chengzu Zhu Di, Ming Renzong Zhu Gaochi, Ming Xuanzong Zhu Zhanji, Ming Yingzong Zhu Qizhen, Ming Dynasty Zong Zhu Qiyu, Ming Xianzong Zhu Jianshen, Ming Xiaozong Zhu Youtang, Ming Wuzong Zhu Houzhao, Ming Shizong Zhu Houcong, Ming Mingzong Zhu Zaihe, Ming Shenzong Zhu Yijun, Ming Guangzong Zhu Changluo, Ming Dynasty Zhu Youxiao, Emperor Xizong, and Zhu Youjian, Emperor Sizong of Ming Dynasty.

1. Zhu Yuanzhang, Taizu of the Ming Dynasty

Zhu Yuanzhang, Taizu of the Ming Dynasty (October 21, 1328 - June 24, 1398), was a native of Zhongli, Haozhou (now Fengyang, Anhui), Han nationality , named Guorui, originally named Chongba, later named Xingzong, and changed his current name to Zhu Yuanzhang when he participated in Guo Zixing's army. Ancient Chinese statesman, strategist, military commander, and founding emperor of the Ming Dynasty.

During his reign, Zhu Yuanzhang carried out reforms in all aspects. Politically, he abolished the prime minister and the executive secretary, established three departments to divide power, further strengthened the centralization of power, severely punished corrupt officials and illegal nobles; military Implement the health system;

Economically, we will vigorously promote immigration and military settlements, build water conservancy projects, liberate slaves, reduce and reduce tax burdens, send people to all parts of the country to measure land, conduct household registration checks, etc.; culturally, we will focus on education. , promote the imperial examination, establish the Imperial College to cultivate talents; strengthen overseas exchanges with the outside world, and restore China's status as a suzerain. Social production gradually recovered and developed, which is known as the Hongwu Rule in history.

In the thirty-first year of Hongwu (1398), Zhu Yuanzhang died of illness at the age of 71. His temple name was Taizu, and his posthumous name was Kaitianxingdaozhaoji. Buried in Xiaoling Mausoleum of Ming Dynasty.

2. Ming Chengzu Zhu Di

Ming Chengzu Zhu Di (1360-1424) was the third emperor of the Ming Dynasty. The fourth son of Ming Taizu Zhu Yuanzhang, he was born in Yingtianfu (now Nanjing City, Jiangsu Province).

In the third year of Hongwu (1370), Zhu Di was granted the title of King of Yan. He once lived in Fengyang and knew a lot about people's sentiments. In the thirteenth year of Hongwu (1380), he came to Peiping. He was ordered to participate in northern military activities many times and led the northern expedition twice, which strengthened his influence in the northern army.

In the later years of Zhu Yuanzhang, Crown Prince Zhu Biao, King of Qin Zhu Xi, and King of Jin Zhu Fan died successively. Zhu Di became the head of the kings not only in terms of military strength but also in family order. After Zhu Yuanzhang died, , Ming Huizong Zhu Yunwen, who came to the throne, implemented the reduction of vassal vassalage. Zhu Di launched the Jingnan Campaign in the first year of Jianwen (1399). In the fourth year of Jianwen (1402), he invaded Nanjing and seized the throne. The following year it was changed to Yuan Dynasty Yongle.

When Zhu Di was in power, he reformed political institutions and established a cabinet; he personally conquered Mongolia five times, regained Annan, and established the Nurgan Dusi in the northeast, the Hami Guard in the northwest, and the Great Ancient Ci in the southwest. , Demasa, Diwuci and other Xuanwei Departments, and also established the Guizhou Chengxuanzheng Envoy Department, which consolidated the north-south border defense and maintained the integrity of China's territory;

He sent Zheng He to the West many times to strengthen He promoted friendly exchanges between China and foreign countries and strengthened the management of the South China Sea; he also ordered people to compile the "Yongle Dadian" and dredge the Grand Canal. In order to strengthen control over the northern and northeastern regions, the capital was moved to Beijing in the 19th year of Yongle (1421). During his reign, the Ming Dynasty had a prosperous economy, a strong national power, and great improvements in civil and military skills. It was known as the Yongle era in history.

In August of the 22nd year of Yongle (1424), Zhu Di died in Yumuchuan (now Ujimqin, Inner Mongolia) on his way back from the Northern Expedition at the age of 64. His posthumous title was Tianhongdao Gaoming Guangyun Shengwu Shengong Chunren to Emperor Xiaowen, his temple name was Taizong, and he was buried in Changling. During the reign of Emperor Shizong of the Ming Dynasty, his posthumous title was changed to Emperor Qitian, Hongdao, Gaoming, Zhaoyun, Shengwu, Shengong, Chunren and Xiaowen, and the temple name was changed to Zu.

3. Zhu Qizhen, Yingzong of Ming Dynasty

Zhu Qizhen, Yingzong of Ming Dynasty, was the eldest son of Zhu Zhanji, Xuanzong of Ming Dynasty. His biological mother was Empress Xiaogongzhang Sun ("History of Ming Dynasty: Biography of Concubines" said that his biological mother He was an unknown palace servant and was raised by Sun). He was born in the second year of Xuande (1427) and died in the eighth year of Tianshun (1464). His posthumous title was Fatian Li Daoren Ming Cheng Jing Zhaowen Xianwu Zhi Deguang. Emperor Xiaorui, whose temple name was Yingzong, was buried in Yuling, one of the Ming Tombs.

During his reign, he used two reign names: Zhengtong (1436-1449) and Tianshun (1457-1464).

In the first month of the tenth year of Xuande (1435), Xuanzong died. Zhu Qizhen, who was 9 years old at the time, came to the throne as Yingzong, and the following year was changed to the first year of Zhengtong. In the early days of Yingzong's reign, the Empress Dowager Zhang assisted the administration, and the cabinet was presided over by San Yang (Yang Shiqi, Yang Rong, and Yang Pu). The rule of Renxuan continued.

In the seventh year of Zhengtong (1442), Empress Dowager Zhang died, Sanyang faded out of politics due to old age, and the eunuch Wang Zhen began to take power. His followers spread all over the world, and hundreds of officials looked at him with suspicion. In the 14th year of Zhengtong (1449), the Oara Mongols invaded the south in a large scale. Wang Zhen persuaded the Yingzong to personally conquer with an army of 500,000 people, spreading waste along the way.

On the way back to the army, on August 15th according to the lunar calendar, they arrived at Tumubao and were defeated by Grand Master Wala Yexian. The Ming army had "hundreds of thousands of dead" ("History of the Ming Dynasty: The Benji of Yingzong"), and Yingzong was captured. , Wang Zhen was killed by the rebel army, which was known as the "Tumu Fort Incident" in history.

Later, he also took Yingzong hostage and went south to attack Beijing. The Empress Dowager Sun ordered Yingzong's younger brother Zhu Qiyu, King of Yingzong, to supervise the country. Soon King Yingzong ascended the throne and became Emperor Jing of the Ming Dynasty. The following year was changed to the first year of Jingtai (the first year of Jingtai). 1450), respected Yingzong as the Supreme Emperor.

After the victory of the Beijing defense battle led by Yu Qian, Wala initiated peace talks and wanted to return Yingzong. Emperor Jing did not want Yingzong to return, so under the advice of his ministers, although he welcomed Yingzong back in the first year of Jingtai (1450), he imprisoned him in Nangong and kept him tightly guarded.

In the third year of Jingtai's reign, Zhu Jianshen (the eldest son of Yingzong), who was originally crown prince, was deposed as King Yi, and his own son Zhu Jianji was appointed as the prince. Yingzong often lacked food and drink in Nangong and was not treated with courtesy, so he relied on money from the Queen for leniency. The later crown prince Zhu Jianji died, but Emperor Jing still did not agree to reinstate Zhu Jianshen as crown prince.

In the first month of the eighth year of Jingtai (1457), Emperor Jing was seriously ill and could not come to court. Wuqing Marquis Shi Heng, deputy censor Xu Youzhen and others, who had heavy troops, colluded with eunuch Cao Jixiang and entered the Nangong to support the restoration of Yingzong.

On the night of the 16th, Yingzong entered the palace from Donghua Gate and ascended the throne in Fengtian Hall. At dawn, he opened the palace gate and informed all officials that the Supreme Emperor had been restored and changed to Yuan Tianshun, which is known in history as the "Change of Seizing the Gate".

That day, Yu Qian was imprisoned, Emperor Jing was deposed as King Yin, and he moved to the west. Soon after, Emperor Jing died. The cause of his death is unknown. It is said that the Yingzong sent the eunuch Jiang An to strangle him with cloth ("Bi Yi Man Ji" by Lu Yi of the Ming Dynasty). After the death of King Yin, he still could not get the understanding of Yingzong. He was given the posthumous title of "Rou" and was buried in Jinshan.

After the restoration of Yingzong, he imprisoned Yu Qian, the Minister of War, Wang Wen, the great scholar, and others for treason. Chu Shang said that "Yu Qian had made great contributions" and could not bear to kill him, because Xu Youzhen advocated "not to kill Yu Qian. What happened today is unknown." Five days later, Yu Qian and Fan Guang were killed in Xishi. The world was wronged, and later Yingzong also regretted it ("History of the Ming Dynasty·Yu Qian's Biography").

During the Tianshun Dynasty, Yingzong was diligent in managing politics and appointed wise ministers such as Li Xian, Peng Shi, and Wang Ao. He punished villains such as Shi Heng, Xu Youzhen, and Cao Jixiang successively, and the politics were relatively clear.

Regardless of the opposition from the left and right, he released the Jiansu people (Zhu Wengui, the youngest son of Emperor Jianwen, who was imprisoned in the palace for more than fifty years after the Jingnuan, and no longer recognized pigs and dogs), and provided food, housing and transportation; The Queen's words restored the title of Queen Hu of the previous dynasty; her posthumous edict abolished the Ming Dynasty's burial system for palace concubines since Taizu, and the "History of the Ming Dynasty" praised it as a virtuous policy.

He died in the first month of the eighth year of Tianshun (1464) at the age of 38. Buried in the Yuling Tombs among the Thirteen Tombs of the Ming Dynasty.

4. Zhu Jianshen, Xianzong of the Ming Dynasty

Zhu Jianshen (December 9, 1447 - September 9, 1487), namely Xianzong of the Ming Dynasty (reigned from 1464 to 1487), Later he was renamed Zhu Jianru. The eighth emperor of the Ming Dynasty, the eldest son of Zhu Qizhen, Emperor Yingzong of the Ming Dynasty, and his mother, Queen Xiaosu, Zhou.

Zhu Jianshen was originally the prince. After the Civil War Incident, his father Zhu Qizhen was kidnapped by Wala, and his uncle Zhu Qiyu became the emperor. In the third year of Jingtai (1452), Zhu Qiyu deposed Zhu Jianshen as King Yi and made Zhu Jianji the crown prince. In the eighth year of Jingtai (1457), Yingzong was restored due to the coup, and Zhu Jianshen was established as the prince again.

Zhu Jianshen was wise and tolerant. In the early years of his reign, he restored Zhu Qiyu's title of emperor, resolved Yu Qian's injustice, and appointed wise ministers such as Shang Ren to govern the country. It can be said that he has the demeanor of a king. The atmosphere of the era was clear and bright. There were many wise men and women in the court. Taxes were waived and penalties were reduced. The social economy gradually recovered. However, the appointment of evildoers during his reign cannot be said to be without flaws.

He died of illness on September 9, the 23rd year of Chenghua (1487), at the age of 41. The temple name is Xianzong, and the posthumous name is Jitian Ningdaocheng Mingren. Emperor Wensu, Wuhongde, Shengxiaochun and others are revered. Buried in Maoling, Ming Tombs.

5. Zhu Houcong, Emperor Shizong of the Ming Dynasty

Zhu Houcong was the grandson of Zhu Jianshen, Emperor Xianzong of the Ming Dynasty, and the son of King Xingxian Zhu Youqi. Emperor Wuzong of the Ming Dynasty ascended the throne in April of the 16th year of Zhengde (1521), and the reign name was changed to Jiajing the following year. At the beginning of his accession to the throne, he abolished the previous dynasty's corrupt government and made a new government.

But soon there was a ceremonial dispute with Yang Tinghe and other court officials over the issue of presenting the king's title. He attacked the old courtiers and the influence of the royal family and relatives, took charge of internal and external affairs, and highly centralized imperial power. He also attached great importance to the role of the cabinet and paid attention to reducing the power of eunuchs.

But at the same time, he became increasingly corrupt. He not only abused people's power for major construction projects, but also had a superstitious belief in alchemists and respect for Taoism. In the 21st year of Jiajing (1542), he moved to Xiyuan (today's Beihai, Beijing, Beijing). He devoted himself to cultivating mysticism and seeking immortality every day. He did not care about government affairs. He served as the first assistant to Yan Song for 20 years, devouring military pay, corrupting the official administration, and bordering on borderland. Things went awry, and Japanese pirates frequently invaded the southeastern coastal areas, causing great damage.

To the north of the Great Wall, the leader of the Mongolian Tatar tribe Ada Khan continued to invade the border. In the 29th year of Jiajing, he even came to the city of Beijing and plundered wantonly.

During the Jiajing period, the southern Japanese and northern captives were always the greatest scourge of the Ming Dynasty.

In terms of employment, Emperor Shizong of the Ming Dynasty was "suddenly wise and foolish" and "suddenly successful and guilty". Many of his meritorious officials and direct ministers were killed and demoted. Hai Rui, the head of the Ministry of Household Affairs, published a book on public security. Emperor Shizong of the Ming Dynasty was furious and ordered Rui to be imprisoned.

In the early Jiajing period, Emperor Shizong, with the help of Zhang Cong, carried out drastic reforms, including clearing up the land of Xun Qi Zhuang, dismissing the middle officials who were guarding the world, reforming the imperial examination system, and expelling Qi Shifeng, etc. The content was extensive and the results were remarkable. So I got a lot of praise.

In the forty-fifth year of Jiajing (1566), Emperor Jiajing died in Qianqing Palace at the age of 60. The temple name is Shizong, and the posthumous title is Emperor Qintianludaoyingyishenxuanwenguangwuhongrendaxiaosu. He was buried in the Yongling Tombs of the Thirteen Tombs in Beijing, and passed down the throne to his third son, King Yu Zhu Zaihe.

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Baidu Encyclopedia——Zhu Jianshen

Baidu Encyclopedia——Zhu Houcong What are the reign names of the Ming Dynasty emperors in order?

Jianwen (1399-1402) Emperor Wen of Emperor Yongle (1403-1424) Zhu Di, Emperor Zhao of Changling, Hongxi (1424-1425) Emperor Xianzong of Zhu Zhanji Emperor Xuande (1426-1435) Jingling Zhuqizhen Yingzongrui Emperor Zhengtong (1436-1449) Tianshun (1457-1464) Note: He was captured and abdicated in March 1449, and on January 1, 1457 Month reset. Zhu Qiyu of Yuling dynasty, Emperor Jingtai of Jingtai (1450-1457) Jingtai Mausoleum of Zhu Jianshenxianzong of Chun Emperor Chenghua (1465-1487) Zhu Youtang of Maoling of Xiaozong Jing Emperor of Hongzhi (1488-1505) Tai The mausoleum of Zhu Houzhao, Emperor Zhengde of Wuzongyi (1506-1521), the reign of Zhu Houcong of Kangling, the reign of Emperor Shizongsu and Jiajing (1522-1566), the reign of Emperor Longqing of Mu Zongzhuang, Emperor Longqing of Yongling (1567-1572), the reign of Emperor Shenzong of Zhaoling, Zhu Yijun Emperor Xian Wanli (1573-1620) Dingling Zhu Chang Luo Guang Zongzhen Emperor Taichang (1620) actually reigned for one month Qingling Zhu Youxiao Xi Zongzhao Emperor Tianqi (1621-1627) Deling Zhu Youjian Yizong (Originally Sizong) Lie Emperor Chongzhen (1628-1644) List of Siling Ming Dynasty Emperors

There were 16 emperors in the Ming Dynasty, in order: Ming Taizu Zhu Yuanzhang, Ming Hui Emperor Zhu Yunwen, Ming Chengzu Zhu Di, Ming Renzong Zhu Gaochi, Ming Xuanzong Zhu Zhanji, Ming Yingzong Zhu Qizhen, Ming Dynasty Zong Zhu Qiyu, Ming Xianzong Zhu Jianshen, Ming Xiaozong Zhu Youtang, Ming Wuzong Zhu Houzhao, Ming Shizong Zhu Houzhao, Ming Mu Zong Zhu Zaihe, Ming Dynasty Shen Zong Zhu Yijun, Ming Guangzong Zhu Changluo, Ming Xi Zong Zhu Youxiao, Ming Sizong Zhu Youjian.

1. Reigning list (name/year/reigning time)

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2. Emperor information

1. Zhu Yuanzhang

Zhu Yuanzhang (October 21, 1328 - June 24, 1398 Japan), courtesy name Guorui, the founding emperor of the Ming Dynasty. A native of Zhongli, Haozhou (now Fengyang, Anhui), when he was 25 years old, he joined the Red Scarf Army led by Guo Zixing to resist the tyranny of the Yuan Dynasty. In the seventh year of Longfeng (1361), he was granted the title of Duke of Wu, and in the tenth year he called himself King of Wu.

In the twenty-eighth year of Yuan Zhizheng (1368), after basically defeating all peasant uprising armies and wiping out the remaining forces of the Yuan Dynasty, he proclaimed himself emperor in Nanjing. The country was named Daming and the reign was named Hongwu. He established the National Unified feudal regime. Zhu Yuanzhang's reign is called the "Hongwu Rule". Buried in Xiaoling Mausoleum of Ming Dynasty.

2. Zhu Yunwen

Ming Hui Emperor Zhu Yunwen (1377-?), the direct grandson of Ming Taizu Zhu Yuanzhang, was the second emperor of the Ming Dynasty.

Zhu Yunwen was born on December 5, 1377. His biological mother was Concubine Lu, and his father was Prince Yiwen Zhu Biao.

In the fifth month of the thirty-first year of Hongwu (1398), Zhu Yuanzhang died at the age of 71. The emperor's grandson Zhu Yunwen succeeded to the throne, changed his reign to Jianwen, and became Emperor Jianwen. Due to the reduction of vassal status, his uncle King Yan launched the "Battle of Jingnan".

Emperor Jianwen's imperial journey came to an end in four years. The country was ruined and the people were at a loss as to where to go. Emperor Qianlong of the Qing Dynasty gave his posthumous title to Emperor Gong Minhui. Zhu Yousong, Anzong of the Southern Ming Dynasty, honored Emperor Jianwen as his heir, Zhang Daocheng, and Yiyuan respectfully paid homage to Emperor Wenyang, Wu Ke, Ren Duxiao, and the temple was named Huizong.

3. Zhu Di

Ming Chengzu Zhu Di (May 2, 1360 - August 12, 1424), the fourth son of Ming Taizu, the third emperor of the Ming Dynasty, He was named Yongle, so later generations called him Emperor Yongle, Emperor Yongle, etc.

Zhu Di was born in Yingtianfu (now Nanjing). After the establishment of the Ming Dynasty, he was named King of Yan. After becoming a vassal in Beiping (today's Beijing), he was ordered to participate in northern military activities many times and led the northern expedition twice, which strengthened his influence in the northern army.

After Emperor Jianwen came to the throne, he adopted the policy of reducing vassal status. He not only monitored Zhu Di, but also wanted to mobilize his troops. Zhu Di launched the Jingnan Campaign and raised troops to attack Emperor Jianwen. In the fourth year of Jianwen (1402), he won victory and proclaimed himself emperor in Nanjing.

In August of the 22nd year of Yongle (1424), Zhu Di died in Yumuchuan (now Ujimqin, Inner Mongolia) on his way back from the Northern Expedition at the age of 64. His posthumous title was Tianhongdao Gaoming Guangyun Shengwu Shenggong Chunren to Emperor Xiaowen, his temple name was Taizong, and he was buried in Changling. During the reign of Emperor Shizong of the Ming Dynasty, his posthumous title was changed to Emperor Qitian, Hongdao, Gaoming, Zhaoyun, Shengwu, Shengong, Chunren and Xiaowen, and the temple name was changed to Zu.

4. Zhu Gaochi

Ming Renzong (1378-1425), the eldest son of Ming Chengzu, his mother was Queen Ren Xiaowen. Xu Da’s grandson. Ming Taizu also admired his talent. In the twenty-eighth year of Hongwu (1395), he was canonized as the Crown Prince of Yan. After Ming Chengzu ascended the throne, he was established as the crown prince.

He ascended the throne in the 22nd year of Yongle (1424), and the next year was changed to the first year of Hongxi (1425). Ming Renzong had been fighting with his father for many years. He knew that it was difficult to start a business, so he paid great attention to Xia Yuanji, the minister of the Ministry of Finance, and adopted a series of measures to reduce national expenditures, which played a certain role in the restoration and development of national strength.

During his reign, he was outspoken in his praises, accepted admonitions with an open mind, reduced criminal laws, and exempted grain from disaster relief in Kaifeng, Shandong and other places. Both employment and administration are praised by future generations as good.

As soon as he ascended the throne, he decided to move the capital back to Nanjing to avoid the huge cost of water transportation. The frail and sickly Emperor Hongxi, who had only been in politics for eight months after he ascended the throne, fell ill. In the first year of Hongxi (1425), he died of a heart attack in the Qin'an Temple, named Ming Renzong.

Buried in Xianling Mausoleum of Ming Dynasty (now Changping, Beijing). Although Zhu Gaochi's temple was named "Ming Renzong", he still continued the burial system of Ming Taizu and Ming Chengzu, and sacrificed seven concubines when he died.

5. Zhu Zhanji

Zhu Zhanji, Xuanzong of the Ming Dynasty, was the eldest son of Zhu Gaochi, Renzong of the Ming Dynasty. He was of Han nationality and his biological mother was Queen Chengxiao Zhao. He was born in the 31st year of Hongwu (1398). ), died in the 10th year of Xuande (1435). The fifth emperor of the Ming Dynasty.

When he was young, he was loved and appreciated by his grandfather Zhu Di and his father. In the ninth year of Yongle (1411), he was made the grandson of the emperor by his grandfather, and he accompanied Zhu Di to conquer Mongolia several times.

When Zhu Zhanji ascended the throne in the first year of Hongxi (1425), he was similar to his father Zhu Gaochi in character, and he also had his father's idealistic, yet conservative, ideas about the emperor's role. Zhu Zhanji was a patron of literati and the arts, and his rule was characterized by his political and cultural achievements.

He died in the tenth year of Xuande (1435) at the age of 38 and was buried in Jingling.

The temple name is Xuanzong, and the posthumous title is Xiantian Chongdao Yingming Shengsheng Qinwen Zhaowu Kuanren Chunxiaozhang Emperor.

During Zhu Zhanji's reign, there were "Three Yangs" (Yang Shiqi, Yang Rong, Yang Pu), Jian Yi, and Xia Yuanji in the literary field; there were British Duke Zhang Fu in the military affairs, and there were also local officials like Yu Qian and Zhou Chen Such a governor was full of talents for a while, which made the politics clear and clear at that time and the people lived and worked in peace and contentment.

The economy has achieved unprecedented development. Although the rule of Zhu Zhanji and his father was only eleven years in total, it was called by historians as "contributions comparable to Wenjing" and was called " The rule of Renxuan".

Zhu Zhanji died unexpectedly on the third day of the first lunar month of the 10th year of Xuande (January 31, 1435) after a short illness. He was 38 years old.

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