Manchu is the 300th most populous surname in China, concentrated in Hunan, Sichuan, and Yunnan. Today, people with Manchu surnames account for about 0.011 of the country's population, with a total population of about 140,000.
Full name and totem:
Fully means water filling and flowing out. When the container is filled with water, it will overflow and there will be no space left. It is full; it has connotations of contentment, achievement, pride, fulfillment and wholeness. The ancients mostly gave names for good luck and completeness, and the Manchu clans naturally advocated the Manchu language to be auspicious.
The origin and evolution of Manchu surnames;
Contemporary Han people have two Manchu surnames: Gui and Kui.
The first one originated from the Gui family. The Shang Dynasty was destroyed, and Guiman, the descendant of Yushun, was granted the title of Chen. His hometown is now Huaiyang, Henan, and was called Hu Gongman in history. In the Spring and Autumn Period, Chen Guo was destroyed in Chu, and his descendants moved to Shu and took the name as their surname. The Gui Manchu people have a history of about 2,500 years.
The second branch is named Kui. During the Spring and Autumn Period, it was a small country with Lu, Luo, Quan, Yu, Man, etc. After Manchu, there are Manchu surnames.
The influx of foreign genes:
The influx of foreigners with Manchu surnames into the Han people first occurred among the Xianbei people of the Eastern Han Dynasty. During the Tang and Song Dynasties, Jing had a false surname and was famous all over the world. It was written to distinguish people's surnames and became an important part of the Manchu surnames in the south. Manchu surnames are found in today's Hui, Mongolian, Dong, Manchu, Miao, Tujia and other ethnic minorities.
The distribution and migration of Manchu surnames in history:
During the Song Dynasty, there were about 10,000 Manchu surnames, mainly distributed in Shandong, Jiangsu, Jiangxi and other places in China. During the Ming Dynasty, the Manchu population declined instead of rising, and their distribution across the country was mainly concentrated in Hunan, Hebei, Hubei and other places. Hunan is the largest Manchu province.
Distribution and map of contemporary Manchu surnames:
There are about 140,000 contemporary Han people with Manchu surnames, which is the 300th largest surname, accounting for about 0.011 of the national population. In the 1,000 years since the Song Dynasty, the Manchu population has grown significantly. The distribution of Manchu in China is mainly concentrated in Hunan, Sichuan, Yunnan, Shaanxi, Guangxi, Shandong, Anhui and other provinces. Hunan is the largest province of Manchus, accounting for 13% of the total Manchu population.
The schematic diagram of the distribution frequency of Manchu surnames in the population shows that in most areas of Hunan, Chongqing and Guizhou, eastern Yunnan, southwestern Guangdong, Guiqiong, southwestern Hubei, southeastern Shaanxi, southern Gansu, In southwestern Ningxia, northeastern Inner Mongolia, most of Heilongjiang, and northeastern Jilin, the proportion of Manchu surnames in the local population generally reaches more than 0.06, and in the central region it reaches more than 0.3. The coverage area of ??the above-mentioned areas accounts for approximately 100% of China's total area.
The traditional culture of Manchu surnames;
There are the full surnames of Yangshan, Runan and Hedong counties in Wanghetang. The famous Manchu surnames include "Changyi" and "Qinglian". "Changyi Hall" and "Lianjie Hall" were both named by General Wei Man Chong during the Three Kingdoms period. Man Chong followed Cao Cao in the war and was appointed governor of Runan and Marquis of Guannei. Emperor Wen of Wei Cao Pi conquered Wu County in Jiangling, worshiped Fubo, and established Changyi Marquis. Cao Rui led the governor of Yuzhou and became a Taiwei. Man Chong was an official, had no business, lived frugally, and had no extra wealth at home. When he retired, Emperor Ming gave him Qiangu in recognition of his integrity.
There are two important couplets about Manchu surnames:
The poem is noble and the valley is clear.
Without the Finance Minister, Qian Gu is given a Qingming Festival; the captain is afraid of the wind and looks at the glass with a cold expression.
Celebrity frequency and family sages:
There are 11 celebrities with full surnames in the 755-79000 range, accounting for 0.024 of the total number of celebrities, ranking 359th in the celebrity surname rankings; those with Manchu surnames Famous artists account for 0.01 of the total number of Chinese artists, ranking 363rd.
Important Manchu figures in history include: Zhan Chang of the Western Han Dynasty; Wei Taiwei Man Chong, Changyi Marquis and Wei Taiwei Man We in the Three Kingdoms