When people see butterflies flying on land, they will be full of praise. Butterfly fish is famous because it looks like a beautiful butterfly. If people want to choose beauty among coral fish, then butterfly fish is the most colorful and thought-provoking one. Butterfly fish valley, known as tropical fish, is a small warm-water coral reef fish offshore, the largest of which can exceed 30 cm, such as butterfly fish with fine lines. Butterfly fish is suitable for shuttling back and forth between corals, and can quickly disappear into coral branches or cracks in rocks. Butterfly fish has a long snout and a small mouth, which is suitable for reaching into coral caves to catch invertebrates. Butterfly fish live in colorful coral reefs and have a series of skills to adapt to the environment. Its gorgeous body color can change with the change of surrounding environment. There are a large number of pigment cells on the body surface of butterfly fish, which can expand or contract under the control of the nervous system, thus making the body surface appear different colors. Usually it takes a few minutes for butterfly fish to change their body color once, and some only take a few seconds. Many butterfly fish have very clever camouflage. They often hide their true eyes in black stripes that pass through their heads, and leave a very striking "false eye" behind the tail stalk or dorsal fin, which is often mistaken for their heads, thus confusing predators. When the enemy attacked its "artificial eye", the butterfly fish flapped its fins and ran away. Butterfly fish are faithful to love, mostly in pairs, like terrestrial mandarin ducks. They swim and play in the coral reef in pairs, always inseparable. When one tail eats, the other tail will be alert around it. Butterfly fish is favored by ornamental fish in China because of its bright body color. They are kept in large numbers in coastal aquariums.
Coral fish's color and camouflage of survival
The beautiful coral reefs attract many marine animals to settle here. According to scientists' estimation, a coral reef can support 400 kinds of fish. In the complex marine environment where the law of the jungle prevails, the discoloration and camouflage of coral fish are aimed at making their body color similar to the surrounding environment, reaching the point of being confused with the surrounding objects, and winning their place in the tenacious competition of hundreds of millions of creatures. Spinibarbus, commonly known as angelfish, is the most gorgeous fish among lobsters. Because they live in a darker environment than butterfly fish, they need to show more vivid colors. Many of them, in the process of metamorphosis and development of young fish, the shape and color of young fish and adult fish are completely different, and the same fish is often easily mistaken for two kinds of fish. The body of crucian carp is khaki, with eight blue-purple horizontal bands on the side and black edges. It looks like a terrestrial zebra, commonly known as zebra fish. Another kind of angelfish, its pattern is like a bug, and its black coarse pattern cleverly disguises its eyes. If you don't look carefully, it's hard to find that this is a fish. Groupers don't like to travel far. They like to live in caves or under coral branches of coral reefs. They are experts in make-up, and they can have eight body color changes, which are often completely different in an instant. They have spots and ribbons that match the environment. They wait and observe in the cracks, and when there is something to eat, they will quickly swim out and catch it.
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Clear and transparent coelenterate
Coelenterates belong to lower metazoa in taxonomy. Vertebral cells are unique to coelenterates, which are distributed all over the body surface and have a large number of tentacles, so coelenterates are also called spines. At present, various marine coelenterates have been recorded in China Sea, including 10 10 species. They belong to three classes of coelenterates. The first category is hydra jellyfish, and the typical representative animals are jellyfish and salamanders. There are 456 species recorded in China Sea. The second category is Cephalopod, and the typical representative animal is jellyfish. There are 39 species recorded in China Sea. The third category is coral algae, and the typical representative animals are corals and anemones. There are 5 15 records in China Sea.
Light and elegant jellyfish
In that blue ocean, there are many beautiful and transparent jellyfish floating on the sea like parachutes, and their graceful appearance is amazing. The sky-blue sail jellyfish has a transparent "sail" on its back, just like a boat tossed by sea breeze and waves. Haiyue jellyfish has an umbrella-shaped bell, which floats on the sea like a bright moon and falls into the sea. It is very beautiful. This jellyfish is shaped like a monk's hat and has tentacles covered with countless small stinging cells. The venom of stinging cells is similar to that of cobra. And the poisonous chironex fleckeri, also known as the "sea wasp". When you see these jellyfish in the ocean, don't touch them, or you will be stung by their poisonous stinging cells and even die.
Beautiful "sea chrysanthemum"
Chrysanthemums on land bloom in autumn, but in the foggy sea, there is an unbeaten "sea chrysanthemum" that blooms all the year round. This is an anemone. There are thousands of anemones with different shapes, generally cylindrical and brightly colored, and their bases are attached to rocks, shells, gravel or the seabed. At the top of the anemone is a round plate, surrounded by several to thousands of chrysanthemum petal-shaped tentacles, which swing with the waves in the water, opening and closing like flowers. Anemones living in reef disks, ants have sky blue and yellow tentacles, forming a bright "flower cluster". Fish and shrimp compete to play in the "flowers". Once they are stung by the stinging cells on the antenna, they will be paralyzed all over, and finally they will be caught in their mouths by the antenna and become a delicious meal. Only brightly colored clown fish can coexist with it and benefit each other. Some biologists believe that the life span of anemones is as long as 300 years, so this kind of "sea chrysanthemum" can bloom for 300 years without thanks, which is incomparable to terrestrial chrysanthemum flowers.
Colored coral
Corals live in warm seas, crowded and fixed on rocks. New corals grow on dead coral skeletons, and some grow into dendritic structures with slender and flexible branches. Coral is beautiful in shape: it has antlers; There are trumpet-shaped tubular corals; There are many kinds of Shi Zhi corals such as mushrooms. Colors are orange, pink, light green, purple, blue and white ... colorful. According to the number of tentacles, corals can be divided into two types-eight corals and six corals. Coral tentacles are very small, and they all grow beside the mouth. The "belly" (inner cavity) is divided into several small rooms (digestive cavity), through which seawater brings food into the digestive cavity for absorption. Living corals have the ability to absorb calcium and make bones. Living corals die, new corals keep growing, and over time, the calcareous bones of dead corals form coral reefs and coral islands.
Edit this colorful marine plant.
In the vast and rich ocean, there are many kinds of marine plants besides all kinds of animals. Seaweed is the main body of marine plants and a great natural wealth of human beings. At present, there are more than 100 kinds of algae that can be used as food. Scientists divide algae into planktonic algae and benthic algae according to their living habits.
floating algae
The algae body of phytoplankton consists of only one cell, so it is also called marine unicellular algae. This kind of organism is autotrophic, has chlorophyll, can carry out photosynthesis and produce organic matter. They are the most important primary producers in the ocean, and they are also the bait for cultivating fish, shrimp and shellfish. At present, seven species of phytoplankton 18 17 have been recorded in China Sea. Phytoplankton's mobility is very weak, and it can only drift with the current or float in the water very weakly. They have various shapes adapted to floating life, which increases buoyancy. For example, some phytoplankton cells produce a circle of bristles around them; Some have long thorns or protrusions, and these appendages increase the contact surface with water, which can produce great stability and make them float in the surface water with light; Some form groups to expand the floating surface area, and they are small, which is also a good form to adapt to floating life. Generally, the body diameter of phytoplankton is only a few thousandths of a millimeter, which can only be seen under a microscope, but the shapes are different and almost the same. Most of them are single cells, and many of them are grouped single cells, such as spindle, fan, star, ellipse, cylinder, dendritic and so on.
Benthic algae
Scientists call algae that inhabit the seabed benthic algae. They can adapt to the temporary drought and temporary "freezing" at low tide in winter, and begin to grow and develop normally as soon as the sea water rises. Most benthic algae are multicellular algae visible to the naked eye. The adults of races are only a few centimeters long, such as filamentous algae; Up to 200 ~ 300 meters long, such as giant algae. Benthic algae have strange shapes: some are like belts, such as kelp; Some are like ropes, such as chordates; Some are flaky, such as Ulva and laver; Some are dendritic, such as Sargassum. Some benthic algae have only a thin layer of cells, such as reef membrane; Some have two layers of cells, such as Ulva; Some are hollow and tubular, such as Enteromorpha; Other algae can be divided into outer cortex, cortex and pith, such as kelp and Sargassum. Benthic algae are bright and beautiful in color, including green, brown and red. Scientists divide algae into three categories according to their colors: green algae, brown algae and red algae.
Green algae
The body of green algae is grass green. There are about 6,000 species of green algae, 90% of which are produced in fresh water, and only 10% live on rocks in intertidal or subtidal zones. Green algae have single cells and colonies; There are filiform and flaky. The most common marine unicellular green algae is Platymonas, which is rich in protein and is a good bait for small and medium-sized marine animals. The most common multicellular green algae are Ulva and reef membrane (called sea spinach or sea cabbage by fishermen along the coast of China), which are popular marine economic vegetables. There is also Enteromorpha, which can be used to make Enteromorpha cakes. It tastes delicious. In addition, there are feather algae, bracken, sea pine, umbrella algae and so on.